Learner-centered philosophies

1. OBJECTIVE
Manifested a learner-centered
teaching philosophy in various
aspects of practice and support
colleagues in enhancing their own
learner-centered teaching
philosphy(Objective 13)

2. The DepEd Vision
We dream of Filipinos
who passionately love their country
and whose values and competencies
enable them to realize their full potential
and contribute meaningfully to building the
nation.
As a learner-centered public institution,
the Department of Education
continuously improves itself
to better serve its stakeholders.

3. Student-centered Philosophy
Student-centered philosophies focus
more on training individual students.
These philosophies place more
emphasis on the individuality of
students and helping them to realize
their potential.

4. The Philosophy of Education

5. What is Philosophy of Education
Philia/Philos + Sophia/Sophos = love of
wisdom
All teachers have a personal philosophy that
colors the way they teach.
Your educational philosophy consists of
what you believe in about education – the
set of principles that guides your
professional action.

6. Intelligence is an individual's capacity to store
and utilize information while wisdom is more
practical knowledge gained through experience

7. What is Philosophy of Education
Your beliefs and your own philosophy of
education will influence all your activities
in the classroom from how you teach, what
you teach, how you manage your
classroom, how you relate to students,
parents, and colleagues, and how you
conduct your professional life.

8. Beliefs About Teaching and
Learning
What will be your primary role as a
teacher?
Will it be to transmit knowledge to students
and then guide their practice as they
develop skills in using that knowledge?
Or will it be to develop self-directed
learners by building on students’ interests,
prior experiences and current
understandings?

9. Educational Philosophies

10. PROGRESSIVISM

11. Progressivism
Curriculum is centered on the needs, experiences,
interests and abilities of students not on academic
disciplines
Textbooks, memorization, & other traditional
techniques are replaced with actual experiences
and problem-solving
Emphasis on life-long learning and social skills
Students are active learners
Student-centered

12. Progressivism
Learning by doing; book learning is no
substitute for actual experience
Progressive teachers begin with where
students are and through daily give-and-
take of the classroom, lead students to
see that the subject to be learned can
enhance their lives
John Dewey is the key proponent

13. Progressivism
Teacher’s role: facilitate student learning,
provide students with experiences that
imitate everyday life as much as possible,
foster cooperative learning activities and
hands-on/practical/concrete activities

14. Progressivism
The progressivist classroom is about exploration
and experience.
Teachers act as facilitators in a classroom where
students explore physical, mental, moral, and
social growth.
Common sights in a progressivist classroom might
include: small groups debating, custom-made
activities, and learning stations. Teachers typically
walk freely among the groups, guiding them using
suggestions and thought-provoking questions.

15. EXISTENTIALISM

16. Existentialism
Focuses on the experiences of an
individual
“Individuals are responsible for
determining for themselves what is
"true" or "false," "right" or "wrong,"
"beautiful" or "ugly.”

17. Existentialism
Education of the whole person, not just the mind.
Helping the students understand and appreciate
themselves as unique individuals who accept
complete responsibility for their thoughts,
feelings, and actions. Subject matter takes second
place
Learning ought to be self-paced; self-directed
Yes to vocational education(relating to career or
job skills)

18. Existentialism
Encourages individual creativity and
imagination
Jean-Paul Sartre one of the proponents
Teacher’s role: help students define their
own essence by exposing them to various
paths they take in life and by creating an
environment in which they freely choose
their own preferred way

19. Existentialism
• An existentialist classroom typically
involves the teachers and school laying out
what they feel is important and allowing the
students to choose what they study.
• All students work on different, self-selected
assignments at their own pace.
• Teachers act as facilitators, directing students
in finding the most appropriate methods of
study or materials, and are often seen as an
additional resource, alongside books,
computers, television, newspapers, and other
materials that are readily available to students.

20. SOCIAL
RECONSTRUCTIONISM

21. Social Reconstructionism
Social reconstructionism is an educational
philosophy that views schools as tools to
solve social problems. Social
reconstructionists reason that, because all
leaders are the product of schools, schools
should provide a curriculum that fosters
their development.

22. Social Reconstructionism
Reconstructionists not only aim to educate a
generation of problem solvers, but also try to
identify and correct many noteworthy social
problems that face our nation, with diverse targets
including racism, pollution, homelessness,
poverty, and violence.
Rather than a philosophy of education,
reconstructionism may be referred to as more of a
remedy for society that seeks to build a more
objective social order.

23. Social Reconstructionism
A social reconstructionist curriculum is arranged
to highlight the need for various social reforms
and, whenever possible, allow students to have
firsthand experiences in reform activities.
Schools should provide students with methods for
dealing with the significant crises that confront the
world: war, economic depression, international
terrorism, hunger, natural disasters, inflation, and
ever-accelerating technological advances.
Theodore Brameld, George Counts are key
supporters.

24. Social Reconstructionism
The reconstructionist classroom contains a
teacher who involves the students in
discussions of moral dilemmas to
understand the implications of one’s
actions. Students individually select their
objectives and social priorities and then,
with guidance from the teacher, create a
plan of action to make the change happen.

25. CONSTRUCTIVISM

26. Constructivism
In the constructivist classroom, the focus
tends to shift from the teacher to the
students. The classroom is no longer a place
where the teacher ("expert") pours
knowledge into passive students, who wait
like empty vessels to be filled.
In the constructivist model, the students are
urged to be actively involved in their own
process of learning.

27. Constructivism
The main activity in a constructivist
classroom is solving problems.
Students use inquiry methods to ask
questions, investigate a topic, and use a
variety of resources to find solutions
and answers.
As students explore the topic, they
draw conclusions, and, as exploration
continues, they revisit those
conclusions. Exploration of questions
leads to more questions.

28. Role of the teacher
1. The educator should consider the
knowledge and experiences
students bring to class
2. ‘Discovery’ is facilitated by
providing the necessary resources
3. Provide assistance with
assimilation of new and old
knowledge

29. Role of the teacher
4. Present authentic tasks to contextualize
learning through real-world, case-based
learning environments
5. Support collaboration in constructing
knowledge, not competition
6. Providing Scaffolding at the right time and the
right level
7. Provide opportunities for more expert and less
expert participants to learn from each
other

30. Assessment
• Constructivists believe that assessment should
be used as a tool to enhance both the
student's learning and the teacher's
understanding of student's progress. It should
not be used as an accountability tool that
serves to stress or demoralize students.
• Types of assessment aligned to this
epistemological position include reflective
journals/portfolios, case studies, group-based
projects, presentations (verbal or poster),
debates, role playing etc.

31. Home Delight!
Make a Lesson Plan with application of learner-
centered teaching philosophy in all the
components of instruction in the lesson plan to
improve student learning.
…with annotations explaining the application of a
learner-centered teaching philosophy (e.g.,
constructivism, existentialism) used as basis for
planning / designing the lesson

32. THANK YOU!