6. It is a philosophical belief
claiming that material
things are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_, that material things do
not exist independently
but only as constructions
in the mind.
7. It is a philosophical belief
claiming that material
things are
IMAGINARY, that material
things do not exist
independently but only as
constructions in the mind.
8. Nature and Assumptions
A system of thought that emphasizes the
importance of mind, soul, or spirit
Stresses mind over matter (nothing is real
except for an idea in the mind)
All knowledge includes a mental grasp of
ideas and concepts
Values are rooted in reality
9. Leading Proponents
“People should concern themselves in
searching for truth”
Greek Philosopher
Considered Father of Idealism:
Platonic Idealism
He did not think that man created
knowledge. Rather, man discovered
knowledge.
Importance and use of dialectic
(critical discussion)
Two worlds: world of ideas
(forms) and world of matter
10. “We must first believe in order
that we may know”
Christian Philosopher
Neo – Platonism or Religious
Idealism
Senses were unreliable and that
belief in God rests ultimately on
faith
God already created
knowledge, and people can
discover it through trying to find
God
Two worlds: Man (matter) and
Leading Proponents
11. Cogito, ergo sum – “I
think, therefore I am”
French
Philosopher, mathematician, and
scientist
Father of Dualism: Cartesian
Philosophy
He struggled with how mind and
matter interacted
Two worlds: extended
substance (matter) and
thinking substance (idea)
Leading Proponents
12. There are universal, moral laws.
Man has a feeling of obligation to
act in obedience to these moral
laws.
It is possible for an individual to act
purely out of desire or intention to
do good, to fulfill the moral law.
The essence of education should
not be simply training; the
important thing was
enlightenment, or teaching a
child to think according to principles
Leading Proponents
13. “To be truly educated, an
individual must pass through the
various stages of the cultural
evolution of humankind “
Search for final Absolute
Spirit
Spirit is the final stage or
synthesis of Idea and Nature.
Approached reality as “contest
of opposites”
Leading Proponents
14. Aim
sTo discover and develop each individual's
abilities and full moral excellence in order to
better serve society
Search for truth
Self – realization
Character formation
15. Curriculum
Focus on reading and writing
History, Literature, Philosophy, and
Religion (constant for all)
Teach students to think
Believes that only the brightest students
should be educated
Women were the majority of
schoolteachers
16. Methods
Socratic Dialogue – a method of
teaching that uses questioning to help
students discover and clarify knowledge
Dialectic (Plato)
Intuitive Approach (St. Augustine)
17. Role of Teacher
Serves as exemplary model: intellectually and
morally excellent
Assist students in choosing important material
Forces student to think for himself through
questioning
“When a pupil becomes a disciplinary problem, the
idealist teacher tries to show him the effect of his
misconduct on the rest of the class. The teacher asks
the wrongdoer what would happen if everyone
behaved as he does. Is he setting a good example
for his classmates to follow?” – George Kneller
19. Role of School
Provide educational and appropriate
materials
To sharpen intellectual processes
To present the wisdom of the ages
To present models of behavior that
are exemplary
20. strengthsThe high cognitive level of education that
idealists promote.
Their concern for safeguarding and promoting
cultural learning.
Their great concern for morality and character
development.
Their view of the teacher as a revered person
central to the educational process.
Their stress on the importance of self
realization.
21. industrialization and technological advances
development in sciences
renewed vigor of realism and naturalistic
philosophies
contemporary emphasis on newness as
opposed to cultural heritage
idealism leans toward intellectual elitisms
extreme cognitive and bookish approach
weaknesses
22. RelevanceCreate schools that are intellectual centers of
teaching and learning
Sees teacher as vital agents in guiding students to
realize their fullest potential intellectual
Encourage teachers and the students to encounter
and appreciate the finest and most enduring
achievement of the culture.
Recognizes internet that can make great book
accessible to students, however they insist that
technology should be used as a means of education
and not as an end.
26. Branches of Philosophy
• Metaphysics – What is the nature of reality?
• Epistemology – What is the nature of
knowledge?
• Axiology – What is the nature of values?
