This is an exclusive presentation for post graduate diploma students of National Institutes of Labor Administration & Industrial Welfare.

1. RESEARC
HProf. Dr. Akhlas Ahmed
Lecture # 01
NILAT

2. RESEARC
H

3. search means
to find out ?
Re means to find out again

4. Research means to explore
data through different sources

5. What is data?

6. How one convert data into
information?

7. How could be the information
transform into knowledge?

8. What is a problem?

9. RESEARCH PROBLEM…
What prevent to an organization to achieve its goals is
called organizational problem. When manger investigate
it scientifically it becomes research problem.

10. How to formulate research
problems?
Understanding the identification research problem process.

11. Research is the process of
finding solutions to a
problem after a thorough
study and analysis of the
situational factors.

12. The organized systematic
investigation into and
study of materials in order to
establish facts and reach new
conclusions.

13. Definition of Research: Charles Darwin
Research is a science that is composed of
aggregated facts from which one can create
general laws and conclusions

14. Definition of Research: Notter
Research is the process that systematically searched for
new facts & relationships

15. Definition of Research: Ruth Patrick
Research essentially is a problem solving process,
a systematic, intensive study directed towards full,
scientific knowledge of the problem studied

16. Definition of Research: Clifford Woody
defining problems, formulating hypothesis, collecting data,
evaluating for reaching conclusions, at last carefully
testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the
formulated hypothesis.

17. Definition of Research:
Research is the systematic process of collecting and analyzing data in order to
increase our understanding of the phenomenon with which we are concerned
or interested.

18. Hypothesis:
Disappointment is when a beautiful
hypothesis is destroyed by an ugly fact.
Sir Isaac Newton

19. Hypothesis:
A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of
limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
A proposition made as a basis for reasoning, without any
assumption of its truth.

20. Hypothesis development:
- An educated guess
- A tentative point of view
- A proposition not yet tested
- A preliminary explanation
- A preliminary Postulate

21. Hypothesis: Kerlinger, 1956
A hypothesis is a conjectural statement of the
relation between two or more variables”

22. Hypothesis: Eric Rogers, 1966
Hypotheses are single tentative guesses, good
hunches – assumed for use in devising theory or
planning experiments intended to be given a direct
experimental test when possible.

23. Hypothesis: Creswell, 1994
Hypothesis is a formal statement that presents the expected
relationship between an independent and dependent variable.

24. Variables:
When we measure the attributes of an object, we obtain a
value that varies between objects.
For example consider the people in this class as objects and
their height as the attribute
The attribute height varies between objects, hence attributes
are more collectively known as variables

25. Variables: dependable & In dependable

26. Variables: Theoretically Frame Work
Theoretical Frame is a graphical representation, which shows
the relationship between two or more variables.
Example:
X
Y
Z

27. Thanks