Lecture # 5 NILAT (January 2nd 2018

1. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Presented by:
Prof. Akhlas Ahmed
NILAT

2. Types of Research
Methodology:
There are three types of research methodologies.
1.Qualitative Research Methodology
2.Quantitative Research Methodology
3.Mixed Research Methodology

3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
Qualitative:
Qualitative information records qualities that are
descriptive, subjective or difficult to measure.
Social sciences
Natural sciences
Market research
Business/ service demonstrations
Qualitative Research is primarily exploratory research that
is used to gain understanding of underlying reasons like
opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the
problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for
potential quantitative research.

4. RM Qualitative:
Qualitative information records qualities that are
descriptive, subjective or difficult to measure.
Social sciences
Natural sciences
Market research
Business/ service demonstrations
Qualitative Research is primarily exploratory research that
is used to gain understanding of underlying reasons like
opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the
problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for
potential quantitative research.

5. Quantitative Research Methodology:
The objective of quantitative research is to verify hypothesis,
examine the cause-and-effect of relationships between two
variables and develop/ employ mathematical model pertaining to
phenomena.
The process of measurement is central to quantitative research
because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical
observation and mathematical expression of quantitative
relationships.
It is used to describe relationship between numbers/ events.
It is used to test relationship between numbers/ events.
It is used in psychology, economics, sociology, geography,
demography, marketing, community health, health & human
development, gender and political science, and less frequently in
anthropology and history. Research in mathematical sciences such
as physics is also 'quantitative‘.

6. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
QUANTITATIVE:
Quantitative data is any data that is in numerical form such as statistics,
percentages, etc. The researcher analyzes the data with the help of statistics.
In this research methodology numbers, numeric and statistics are used.
Here numeric data is called quantitative data. When used statistical data for
evaluation called quantitative analysis. In this methodology, the quantifiable
measurement process is used to obtain quantifiable information in numeric.
It is used to get reliable statistical results. It also used to produce hard facts.
It is mostly formal in nature, posses systematic process and used objective
based research methodology.
Mostly used representative samples from target population.
Asking people for their opinions in a structured way.
To survey people in fairly large numbers
Obtaining quantifiable information
The data/ information/ result presented in numerical forms. It can analyzed
through the use of statistics.

7. Types of quantitative research methods/
approaches:
There are four main types of quantitative research designs:
1.Descriptive research method
2.Correlational research method
3.Quasi-experimental research method
4.Evaluation research method or survey research method.
Quantitative methods emphasize objective measurements and the
statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis of data collected
through polls, questionnaires, and surveys, or by manipulating
pre-existing statistical data using computational techniques.

8. Types of qualitative research methods/
approaches:
There are four main types of qualitative research designs:
1.Focus Group Study
2.Case study
3.Interview techniques
4.Observation techniques

9. Q/A Session

10. Q/A Session