5. Defination:The reaction of water with another chemical
compound to form two or more products, involving
ionization of the water molecule and usually splitting the
other compound.
Examples: include the catalytic conversion of starch to
glucose, saponification, and the formation of acids or bases
from dissolved ions.
6. Hydrolysis literally means reaction with water.
It is a chemical process in which
a molecule is cleaved into two parts by the
addition of a molecule of water.
One fragment of the parent molecule gains a
hydrogen ion (H + ) from the additional water
molecule. The other group collects the
remaining hydroxyl group (OH − ).
27. In nature, living organisms are only able
to live by processing fuel to make
energy.
The energy that is converted from food,
is stored into ATP molecules
(Adenosine Triphosphate).
ATP hydrolysis gives energy to
body.
EVOLVES
ENERGY
29. 1-Adding water to ester, a compound used in everything from
explosives to polyester flooring and perfumes, results in the
ester turning into carboxylic acid and alcohol due to the process
of hydrolysis.
2-Hydrolysis of cellulose, an organic compound used to make
all sorts of things from paper to biofuels.
3-Epoxide is a chemical compound that can be used to make
epoxies (for example, adhesives and various types of resins).
When hydrolysis is applied to this compound, the chemical
bonds weaken to produce diol, a compound containing two
hydroxyl groups. Among the commonest diols in nature are
sugars and cellulose.
30. 4-The digestion of food is an example of hydrolysis, as water
helps to break down the compounds one has eaten.
5-Soap is one product created by hydrolysis called
saponification.
31. 6-Hydrolysis can result in the synthesis of helpful
chemicals. Sulfonylureas and oganophosphate
esters can be hydrolyzed into certain types of insect
killers and pesticides.
7-Hydrolysis of carbamates, which are widely used
by manufacturers to make products such as
polyurethanes
and certain types of insecticides
