Hydrolysis as one of the processes of chemical weathering. It includes its definition, its processes, its advantages and disadvantages. CREDITS TO: WARNER ALEGRO JOHAILA MOCAMMAD DEN ABINES for making this presentation.

1. 1
Hydrolysis
By: Mocamad, Johaila R.
Alegro, Warner Duane
Abines, Den Rieman
O
H H

2. Introduction
2
Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which water is used to break
down the bonds of a particular substance. In biotechnology and as
far as living organisms are concerned, these substances are often
polymers (simply put, many similar molecules can that join together).
There are three main types of hydrolysis: salt, acid, and base
hydrolysis. Hydrolysis can also be thought of as the exact opposite
reaction to condensation, which is the process whereby two
molecules combine to form one larger molecule. The end result of this
reaction is that the larger molecule ejects a water molecule.

3. What is Hydrolysis?
Hydrolysis is a chemical process in which a
molecule of water is added to a substance.
Sometimes this addition causes both
substance and water molecule to split into
two parts. In such reactions, one fragment of
the target molecule (or parent molecule) gains
a hydrogen ion.
3

4. ⬡ Polymers are broken down into monomers in a process known as hydrolysis, which
means “to split water,” a reaction in which a water molecule is used during the
breakdown. During these reactions, the polymer is broken into two components. If
the components are un-ionized, one part gains a hydrogen atom (H-) and the other
gains a hydroxyl group (OH–) from a split water molecule. This is what happens
when monosaccharides are released from complex carbohydrates via hydrolysis.
The Process of Hydrolysis
4

5. 5
Examples:
• The digestion of food, as water helps to
break down the compounds one has eaten.
• Dissolving salt of a weak acid or base in
water
• Turning feldspar into clay
• Making sodium minerals into saltwater
solutions

6. 6
⬡ Enzymatic hydrolysis offers several advantages over acid hydrolysis:
less formation of undesirable by-products, no need for corrosion
resistant processing equipment, less acid waste12 and the potential
for almost complete con
⬡ Easy material handling (even in air)
⬡ Very long shelf life, no self-discharge
⬡ The hydrolysis reaction can be directly performed with liquid
water (no heat or steam necessary)
⬡ Reaction kinetics can be adapted to application-specific needs
⬡ High reaction and system safety
⬡ Noiseless and zero emission energy conversion
⬡ Non-toxicity of both the hydrolysis fuel and the hydrolysis
products
Advantages

7. Disadvantages
7
⬡ Disadvantages of other hydrolysis materials
could be overcome (such disadvantages
include a slow reaction speed, expensive
noble metal catalysts or nanocrystalline
materials, high production costs and
material toxicity imposing both limitations
to a practical application and the
requirement to contain, return and reprocess
any spent hydrolysis fuel).

8. References
Hydrolysis, November 13, 2020, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis- Fraunhofer IFAM, https://www.ifam.fraunhofer.de/
Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic polysaccharides in the presence of ionic
liquids,
https://pubs.rsc.org/
Examples of Hydrolysis: Common Reaction Encounters,
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-hydrolysis.html
2.4C: Hydrolysis, https://bio.libretexts.org/
8

9. 9
THANK YOU!
The End