by Michael Hardman (c) Cengage Learning 2010

1. Chapter Two
EDUCATION FOR ALL
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2. CHAPTER FOCUS POINTS
Focus 1
What educational services were available to students with disabilities
during most of the 20th century?
Focus 2
Identify the principal issues in the right-to-education cases that led to the
eventual passage of the national mandate to educate students with
disabilities.
Focus 3
Identify five major provisions of the Individuals with Disabilities
Education Act.
Focus 4
Discuss the special education referral, assessment, planning, and
placement process.
©2011 Cengage Learning.
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3. CHAPTER FOCUS POINTS
Focus 5
Identify four principals for school accountability as required in the No
Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Under IDEA 2004, what must a
student’s IEP include to ensure access to the general curriculum?
Focus 6
What does it mean to be a “highly qualified” teacher as required in NCLB
and IDEA 2004?
Focus 7
Identify three characteristics of evidence-based special education that
enhances learning opportunities for students with disabilities.
©2011 Cengage Learning.
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4. CHAPTER FOCUS POINTS
Focus 8
Distinguish between students with disabilities who are eligible for
services under Section 504/ADA and those eligible under IDEA.
Focus 9
Distinguish between the principles of zero tolerance and zero
exclusion in America’s schools.
Focus 10
What are the challenges to making the promises of IDEA and NCLB
a reality?
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5. CASE STUDY: JERALD
 Background
 Perceptions of behavior
 Family
 School
 Process for referral
 Development of Individualized Education Plan
 Placement issues/LRE
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6. ORIGINS OF SPECIAL
EDUCATION
 Early Special Education Programs
 Education as a Privilege but Not a Right
 Expanding the Role of the Federal Government
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7. THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION
 Education as a Right not a Privilege
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8. INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES
EDUCATION ACT (IDEA)
 What Are Special Education and Related
Services?
 Who Is Eligible for Special Education and Related
Services?
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9. INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES
EDUCATION ACT (IDEA)
 Major Provisions of IDEA
 A Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
 Nondiscriminatory and Multidisciplinary Assessment
 Parental Safeguards and Involvement
 The Individualized Education Program (IEP)
 Education in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
©2011 Cengage Learning.
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10. INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES
EDUCATION ACT (IDEA)
 The Special Education Referral, Assessment, Planning, and
Placement Process
 Phase 1—Initiating the Referral
 Phase 2—Assessing Student Eligibility and Educational Need
 Phase 3—Developing the Individualized Education Program
(IEP)
 Phase 4—Determining the Least Restrictive Environment
(LRE)
©2011 Cengage Learning.
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11. CURRENT TRENDS IN THE EDUCATION
OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
 NCLB and IDEA 2004: From Access to
Accountability
 Standards and School Accountability
 NCLB and IDEA 2004: What It Means to Be a “Highly
Qualified” Teacher
©2011 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.

12. CURRENT TRENDS IN THE EDUCATION
OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
 Characteristics of Evidence-Based Special
Education Practice
 Individualization
 Intensive Instruction
 The Explicit Teaching of Academic, Adaptive, and/or
Functional Life Skills
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13. CURRENT TRENDS IN THE EDUCATION
OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
 Providing Reasonable Accommodations under
Section 504/ADA
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14. CURRENT TRENDS IN THE EDUCATION
OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
 Safe Schools: Zero Tolerance versus Zero
Exclusion
©2011 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.

15. CURRENT TRENDS IN THE EDUCATION
OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
 Challenges to making the promises of IDEA and
NCLB a reality
©2011 Cengage Learning.
All Rights Reserved.