The Tokugawa Shogunate ruled Japan from 1603 to 1867 and focused on establishing social and political order as well as controlling foreign relations. The Tokugawa enforced a strict social hierarchy with the emperor and warriors at the top and outcasts at the bottom. Daimyo ruled semi-autonomous domains but the Shogun maintained control through a system of required residency in Edo and hostage taking of daimyo family members. Economically, cities grew and a merchant class developed, but peasants faced increased taxes and some revolted. Culturally, the theater of Kabuki and haiku poetry flourished during this period of stability and isolation from foreign influence imposed by the Tokugawa.

1. TokugawaJapan
EAST ASIAN EARLY MODERN HISTORY

2. Map of east Asia

3. Japan Background
lasted from 1603
to 1867.
Focused on
establishing social-
political order, and
international
affairs.
Japans Tokugawa

4. Social hierarchy

6. •The Christian rebellion in 1637-1638
undoubtedly helped harden the Tokugawa to strictly limit all
sources of possible foreign interference.
• After a century and half of
incessant warfare the Tokugawa Shogunate
was obsessed with maintaining order.
THE TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE OF JAPAN

7. Toyotomi Hideyoshi
 Farmer turned
military
commander
 Takes control and moves
capital to Osaka

8. •This marked the beginning of Japan's first true pop
culture, a mass-production
culture of the marketplace.
•Theatres came into being – women were
banned from acting and acting was
hereditary.
•Books written in the Japanese language
rather than in class Chinese were published in great numbers

9. Tokugawa Ieyasu
 Daimyo of Edo (Modern
Tokyo)
 Took control of Japan
after Toyotomi’s death
 Restores centralized
power
 Moves capital to Edo
 “Great Peace”
 http://uk.encarta.msn.com/media_
121637196/Japan_Under_Tokuga
wa_Rule.html

10. Europeans come to Japan
 First Portuguese traders
 Welcomed, traded openly
 Weapons, tobacco, clocks
and glasses from Europe
 http://rezanov.krasu.ru/eng/epoch/i
mg/japan4l.jpg

11. Europeans get kicked out
http://www.artsales.com/ARTistory/Xavier/Xavier_1.html
 Next Jesuit Missionaries
 At first converted many Daimyo
 But, Jesuits destroyed shrines
resulting in Hideyoshi prohibiting
Christian activities in his land
 Missionaries expelled
 Traders also removed
 Only 1 Dutch group remained w/
restrictions
16th Century Japanese Nanban
screen showing the arrival of
Jesuits in Japan Circa 1549

12. http://web000.greece.k12.ny.us/SocialStudiesResources/Social_Studies_Resources/GHG_Docu
ments/Tokugawa%20Laws%20of%20Japan%20Passage%2001.02.jpg

13. Tokugawa Rule
 Wanted to control the feudal
system in Japan
 Land was divided into hans
(domains), which were ruled by
daimyo
 Could be independent, but
shogunate ruled by hostage
system
http://roninsushiandbar.com/history.aspx

14. Hostage system
 Each daimyo has 2 houses.
 1 in Edo; 1 on their han
 When daimyo isn’t in Edo, his
family must stay there (like
hostages) so the daimyo don’t
rebel
http://www.nakasendoway.com/images/2-9-
1.jpg

15. Economic Changes
http://w00.middlebury.edu/ID085A/Edo/index
2.html
 Trade and Industry grew
 Cities grew
 Edo +1 Million pop.
 Banking grew, paper
money became the
standard
 Merchant class grew
 Taxes increased
 Peasants suffered, some
revolted
Coins from the Edo period

16. Social Changes
http://www.flickr.com/photos/2444396
5@N08/2862111344/
 Strict class distinctions
 Emperor and imperial
court
 Warriors
 Peasants/farmers
 Artisans
 Merchants
 Eta (outcasts)
 Laws separating them
 No intermarriage
Eta skinning deer

17. Role of women
 Restricted, especially in
warrior class
 Influenced by Confucianism
 Rules:
 Parents determined
marriage
 Men could divorce women
who don’t fulfill their duties.
 Men controlled property.
 Were valued as mothers
http://www.flickr.com/photos/244
43965@N08/3492944934/in/set-
72157617576425408/

18. Cultural Changes
 Literature
 Popular in cities
 Lighthearted, for fun
 Ihara Saikaku
 “Five Women who Loved
Love”
 Poetry
 More serious
 Haiku (5,7,5; about nature)
 Ex. Matsuo Basho
http://www.big.or.jp/~loupe/link
s/ehisto/ebasho.shtml
From all
directions
Winds bring
petals of cherry
Into the grebe
lake.

19. Theater
http://www.traveltokyo.info/kabuki1.jp
g
Kabuki (link)
No women
performers
Emphasizes
action, music
and gestures

20. Art and Architecture
http://www.sfusd.k12.ca.us/schwww/sc
h618/japan/Architecture/Architecture2.
html
 Need for homes in Edo
caused nobles to compete
for ‘best’ homes
 Used gold foil to reflect
light in dark castles
 Also used height for
defense
Hirosaki Castle

21. Decline of Tokugawa Dynasty
(link)

22. Pictures
wiki[edia.org
TOKUGAWA-SHOGUNATE.WEEBLY.COM/HIERARCHY
INSPIRATION
 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/4/4e/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi_on_his_horse.jpg&imgrefurl=http://common
s.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Toyotomi_Hideyoshi_on_his_horse.j
pg&usg=__cxRJjbxybqWLpB3s-
bAzG2s2_Vs=&h=468&w=468&sz=83&hl=en&start=20&um=1&tbnid=2NoW
darkRyYifM:&tbnh=128&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dtoyotomi%2Bhide
yoshi%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dstrict%26client%3Dfirefox-
a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1&safe=strict
Kirsten Lodge
, Associate Professor of Humanities and English at Midwestern State University