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The american revolution.ppt
- 1. The American Revolution An Introduction to America’s beginging
- 2. The Patriotic Revolution Approach of Conflict French and Indian War Intolerable Acts Boston Massacre Boston Tea Party Key Players In the War Major Events Lexington and Concord Battle of Bunker Hill Declaration of Independence Battle of Trenton Treaty of Paris War on the Home front Minorities Loyalist Schedule of Presentation
- 3. The Patriotic Revolution Often we look at the American Revolution through a patriotic perspective. We celebrate our countries first victories and heroes Leutze. E Retrved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Crossing_the_Delaware
- 4. The Problem with this Patriotic View: By viewing our history only through the eyes of the revolutionaries, we are bias to the other sides of this point in history. Every war and history has multiple viewpoints. To learn and understand the war, we need to look at all perspectives, not just that of our victorious founders. Licht, M. (2008). Retrieved from http://www.writingfix.com/WAC/HistoryFix/AmericanRevolution_Heroes1.htm
- 5. The Approach of Conflict Much had been going on to build up to the outbreak of war. The following are a couple of key events you may want to take note of
- 6. The French and Indian War 1754 to 1763 French and Native American allies VS English and their Native American allies. main conflict over control of land Colonists fought alongside the British. Many historic figures of the revolution got their experience in this war. Including George Washington. S. Johnson. Retrieved from http://www.writingfix.com/WAC/HistoryFix/AmericanRevolution_Heroes1.htm
- 7. Series of “Intolerable Acts” The Sugar Act 1764 three-cent tax on sugar other goods. Only certain members of colonial population were effected. The Stamp Act 1765 the first to effect the entire population. All publications (newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents) had to have a Stamp. Townshend Acts 1767 taxes on lead, paints, glass, paper and tea. “No taxation without representation.” Author Unknown. Retrieved from http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/student.assessment/resources/online/2006/grade10/ss/10socialstudies.htm
- 8. Boston Massacre March 5, 1770 protesting colonist VS British Soldiers 5 colonist shot, one dead. Both sides at fault lead to further mistrust of British military Author Unknown. Retrieved from http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/mmaltby/his108/revolution.htm
- 9. Boston Tea Party This was a particularly heated protest of the tax on tea. On December 16, 1773 Colonist know as the “Sons of Liberty”. Dressed as Mohawk Indians and dumped 342 crates of tea from English ships into the harbor. Similar protest followed in other locations, and eventually tea was boycotted by patriot colonist across the 13 colonies Was this a good or bad protest? How did the Sons of Liberty treat Native Americans? Was the motive worth the destruction? Retrieved from http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/5600/5624/boston_tea_party_1.htm
- 10. First HandAccount of Boston Tea Party "Another attempt was made to save a little tea from the ruins of the cargo by a tall, aged man who wore a large cocked hat and white wig, which was fashionable at that time. He had sleightly slipped a little into his pocket, but being detected, they seized him and, taking his hat and wig from his head, threw them, together with the tea, of which they had emptied his pockets, into the water. In consideration of his advanced age, he was permitted to escape, with now and then a slight kick. “ Author unknown, Retrieved from http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/2005_winter_spring/boston_tea_party.htm From George Hewes, participant
- 11. Key Players in the War Loyalist Neutralist Patriots not in favor of War About 15 to 20 percent of population “Tories” or “Royalist” freedom from British control. Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, and Thomas Paine. 40 to 45 percent of the white population “Whigs” Avoided taking sides About 50% of population Pacifism, Lack of Understanding or status as immigrant were all factors
- 12. Major Events
- 13. Lexington and Concord “The Shot Heard Round the World” April 19th 1775 British's planed to attack Concord’s arms depot. Paul Revere Americans lose at Lexington but win at Cord Retrieved from http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/winter96/enlargement.html Click For fun Video! Author Unknown. Retrieved from http://qwickstep.com/search/what-caused-the-battle-of-lexington-and-concord.html
- 14. Battle of Bunker Hill British attack the American occupied “Breed’s Hill” 1775 Ran out of ammunition “Don’t shoot till you see the white of their eyes”. Now renamed “Bunker Hill” Moshu, V. Retrieved from http://dumpendebat.net/2008/01/31/the-shrill-cry-of-internet-bugles/
- 15. Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 USA declared free from Brittan Written by Thomas Jefferson Great Brittan responded by continuing the war Author Unknown. Retrieved from http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2010/07/the-signers-of-the-declaration-of-independence-did-so-on-august-2nd-1776-not-july-4th/
- 16. Battle of Trenton December 26, 1776 Preceded by many defeats Three groups of American soldiers cross Delaware River and attack Hessians Huge victory and moral boost Ketchum, R. The Winter Soldiers: The Battles for Trenton and Princeton
- 17. Treaty of Paris September 3, 1783 Ben Franklin, John Adams and John Jay signed in Paris Brittan forced to recognize USA as independent nation US borders established America agrees to stop persecution of loyalists. Retrieved from http://www.zimbio.com/pictures/IbL_c0clUg0/National+Archives+Previews+Display+Treaty
- 18. War on the Home Front
- 19. Minorities Native Americans Torn on which side would support their cause Many joined British Viewed as “Savage” villains by patriots African Americans Hope of freedom British offered escaped slaves emancipation Continental Army promised freedom Still, freedom was more a hope than a reality Hypocrisy Women Took on roles abandon by men Often became impoverished Flocked to army camps J A M E S _ A R M I S T E A D P a t r i o t _ S p y Author Unknown. Retrieved from http://africanamericanempowerment.blogspot.com/2009/05/unsung-african-american-heroes.html
- 20. Life for Loyalist Men often tarred & feathered, beaten, or killed If they joined militia, property and possessions were confiscated Women and children impoverished and homeless 20% forced to flee Original Author unknown Retrieved from http://www.historum.com/showthread.php?t=13813&page=14
- 21. First Hand LoyalistAccount “We never sit down either to dinner or supper, but the least noise immediately spreads a general alarm and prevents us from enjoying the comfort of our meals. The very appetite proceeding from labour and peace of mind is gone; we eat just enough to keep up alive: our sleep is disturbed by the most frightful dreams; sometimes I start awake, as if the great hour of danger was come; at other times the howling of our dogs seems to announce the arrival of the enemy: we leap out of bed and run to arms; my poor wife with panting bosom and silent tears, takes leave of me, as if we were to see each other no more; she snatches the youngest children from their beds, who, suddenly awakened, increase by their innocent questions the horror of the dreadful moment. She tries to hide them in the cellar, as if our cellar was inaccessible to the fire. I place all my servants at the windows, and myself at the door, where I am determined to perish.” Author unknown, Retrieved from http://africanamericanempowerment.blogspot.com/2009/05/unsung-african-american-heroes.html From J. Hector St. John De Crevecoeur as part of his book “Letters from an American Farmer”
- 22. Crevecoeur. J. Letters from an American Farmer. Edgewaters, C. (2010, May 5). Was the american revolution justified? . Retrieved from http://www.historum.com/showthread.php?t=13813&page=14 Enlargement of paul revere's engraving of the boston massacre. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/winter96/enlargement.html Foeda, V. (2010). The signers of the declaration of independence did so on august 2nd, 1776 not july 4th. Retrieved from http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2010/07/the-signers-of-the-declaration-of-independence-did-so-on-august-2nd-1776-not-july-4th/ Johonson, S. (2009, January). Boundries as claimed in 1754 at the begining of the french and indian war. Retrieved from http://www.writingfix.com/WAC/HistoryFix/AmericanRevolution_Heroes1.htm Licht, M. (2008). Vote democrat . Retrieved from http://www.writingfix.com/WAC/HistoryFix/AmericanRevolution_Heroes1.htm Ketchum, R. (1999). The Winter Soldiers: The Battles for Trenton and Princeton. Holt Paperbacks; 1st Owl books ed edition. ISBN 0805060987. Maltby, M. (2010). The revolutionary era. Retrieved from http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/mmaltby/his108/revolution.htm Moshu, V. (n.d.). The shrill cry of internet bugles. Retrieved from http://dumpendebat.net/2008/01/31/the-shrill-cry-of-internet-bugles/ No taxation without representation. (2010). Retrieved from http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/student.assessment/resources/online/2006/grade10/ss/10socialstudies.htm Revolutionary war: the home front. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/amrev/homefrnt/homefrnt.html Richards, K. (2010). A timeline of the revolutionary war . Retrieved from http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/articles/ushistory/revolutionarywartimeline.htm The american revolution: heros. (2008). Retrieved from http://www.writingfix.com/WAC/HistoryFix/AmericanRevolution_Heroes1.htm The boston tea party. (2010). Retrieved from http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/5600/5624/boston_tea_party_1.htm Unsung africanamerican heroes. (2009, May 16). Retrieved from http://africanamericanempowerment.blogspot.com/2009/05/unsung-african-american-heroes.html Uva hypertexts: letters from an american farmer. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://africanamericanempowerment.blogspot.com/2009/05/unsung-african-american-heroes.html What caused the battle of lexington and concord?. (2007, august 31). Retrieved from http://qwickstep.com/search/what-caused-the-battle-of-lexington-and-concord.html Wilson/Getty, M. (2008, August 21). The national archives previews display of the treaty of paris. Retrieved from http://www.zimbio.com/pictures/IbL_c0clUg0/National+Archives+Previews+Display+Treaty Works Cited
Editor's Notes
- This war took place from 1754 to 1763 between the French and Native American allies against the English and their Native American allies.The main conflict was over control of land around Colonists fought alongside the British.Many historic figures of the revolution got their experience in this war. Including George Washington.
- The Sugar Act In 1764 the British crown put out a three-cent tax on sugar and increased taxes on coffee, indigo, and certain kinds of wine. Imports of rum and wine were limited. While only certain members of colonial population were effected. They were very vocal in their indignation.The Stamp ActThis 1765 Act was the first to effect the entire population. All publications (newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents) had to have a Stamp. The stamps cost money and caused colonist to become angry over paying for something they had gotten for free for a long time. Many protests by colonist followed this act.Townshend ActsThese series of 1767 laws placed taxes on lead, paints, glass, paper and tea. Colonist became outraged at this final straw in taxes and the many violent protest they had caused the Crown to repeal taxes on all but Tea and send more British troops to control colonist. These Acts spurred the term “No taxation without representation.” and angered colonist not only because they were unfair, but also because the colonist had no say in parliament.
- On March 5, 1770 a group of protesting colonist encountered British Soldiers patrolling the streets of Boston. In a scuffle that neither side can agree on, 5 colonist were shot, one (Crispus Attacks) ended up dead.This lead to further mistrust of British militaryIt is important to see in this instance the two sides of the story
- Apathetic to the idea of war.About 50 of the white population For whatever reason, be it pacifism, lack of understanding, or because they were newly immigrated, these people avoided taking sides
- First shots fired between American and British troops, on April 19, 1775. The British chose to march to Concord because it was an arms depot. This meant that the Americans had stockpiled weapons there. British troops had occupied Boston and were marching on Concord as they passed through Lexington. No one is still sure who fired first, but it was the "Shot Heard 'Round the World." Both sides opened fire, and the Americans were forced to withdraw. But they had slowed the British advance. By the time the Redcoats got to Concord, the Americans were waiting for them in force. The weapons depot was saved, and the British were forced to retreat, harassed by militiamen along the way. The skirmishes were preceded by Paul Revere's famous ride, warning the countryside: "The British are Coming!"
- Most Native American tribes east of the Mississippi were uncertain about which side, if either, to take during the Revolutionary War, and many remained neutral. A number of tribes, however, feared the Revolution would replace the British--who had worked hard to protect their lands from colonial encroachments--with the land-hungry colonials. As a result, these tribes fought with the British or took advantage of the situation and acted against the colonists on their own. Patriots viewed the Indians as a threat throughout the war. The patriots' use of the term savages for the Native Americans gives a good indication of their overall attitude toward most tribes.For some African Americans, the Revolution meant freedom. Because so much of the fighting in the last years of the war took place in the South, many slaves escaped to British lines. The British, hoping to weaken the American war effort, emancipated and evacuated thousands of ex-slaves. A few African Americans also won their freedom by fighting in the Continental Army despite the prejudices of patriot leaders. (This attitude changed somewhat during the course of the war.) For the vast majority of African Americans, however, the liberties touted by the American Revolution remained more promise than reality.Women's lives were also profoundly affected by the Revolutionary War. Women whose husbands and other male relatives went to war had to assume many of their responsibilities, whether it be the farm or small business. Since Continental Army soldiers were typically drawn from the lower ranks of society, many women did not have farms and businesses to fall back on. Cities throughout the United States witnessed growing populations of impoverished women. Many women did not stay at home when their husbands went off to war. These women flocked to the army camps to join male relatives. There they helped maintain army morale while doing traditional women's chores--cooking, laundry, nursing, and so forth.