PPT on mechanical sessors...Titled the best PPT on sensors by Professors

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS:
 sensors
 TYPES OF SENSORS
 MECHANICAL SENSORS
 TYPES OF MECHANICAL SENSORS
 DISPLACEMENT SENSORS
 VELOCITY SENSORS
 TORQUE SENSORS
 FLOW SENSORS

3. A sensor is a converter that measures a
physical quantity and converts it into a
signal which can be read by an observer
or by an instrument.
Example a mercury in glass
thermometer.

4. Transducer
A device that converts a primary form of
energy into corresponding signal with a
different energy forms.
Sensor
A device that detect or measures a signal.
Actuator
A device that generates a signal.
real
world
actuator
sensor intelligent
feedback
system

5. TYPES OF SENSORS
THERE ARE VARIOUS KINDS OF SENSORS HAVING
WIDE RANGE OF APPLICATIONS.SOME OF THEM ARE:
 MECHANICAL SENSORS
NAVIGATIONAL SENSORS
OPTICAL SENSORS
BIOLOGICAL SENSORS
ENVIRONMENTAL SENSORS...etc.,

6. MECHANICAL SENSORS:
TYPES OF MECHANICAL SENSORS:
i. DISPLACEMENT SENSORS
ii. VELOCITY SENSORS
iii. TORQUE SENSORS
iv. FLOW SENSORS
CLASS OF SENSORS TO MEASURE MECHANICAL
PHENOMENON

7.  A flow sensor is a device for sensing the rate
of flow of material.
 Material may be solid, liquid or gas.
 Flow rate is measured by weighting the
amount of material on a platform of length L
flow (kg/min or lb/min)
weight of material on section of length L (kg or lb)
conveyor speed (m/min, or ft/min)
length of weighting platform
Q
W
R
L




WR
Q
L


8.  Flow sensors are based on sensors which measure the
transfer of heat caused by the moving medium. This
principle is common for micro sensors to measure
flow.
 Velocimetry:
Velocimetry is the measurement of the velocity of
fluids.
For measuring velocity and length on moving
surfaces, laser surface velocimeters are used.
velocimeter

9. Displacement sensors measure the distance an object moves and they can also be
used to measure object height and width, position ,displacements, both rotary and
linear.
The following are some of commonly used displacement sensors:
a) LVDT: A linear variable differential transformer is a transformer whose core
moves along with the distance being measured and outputs a variable analog
voltage as a result of this dislacement.
b) Encoders: An encoder is a simple device that can output a digital signal for
each small portion of a movement.
c) Potentiometers :A potentiometer converts position information into a
variable voltage through a resistor.

10. a. Thickness measurement.
b. Flatness measurement.
c. Confirms the shapes of modelled parts
d. Measures the curvatures of tranparent
subtratcts.
e. Level measurement by 1)float & linkage
2)concentric cylindrical capacitor.

11. Level measurement by cylindrical capacitor
LVDT
POTENTIOMETER

12.  Torque is a measure of the forces that causes an
object to rotate.
 Reaction torque sensors measure static torque with
a stationary or non-rotating transducer.
 Rotary torque sensors use rotary transducers to
measure torque.

13.  Torque meter is a device for measuring and
recording the torque on a rotating system, such as
an engine, crankshaft, gearbox etc.,
 In process testing, monitoring and diagnostics
applications.
 In measurement of power transmitted through
a rotating device.
 In controlling complex non-linear mechanical
systems.
 Used for Power tool measurement.

14. A wheel speed sensor or vehicle speed
sensor (VSS) is a sender device used for reading
the speed of a vehicle's wheel rotation. It usually
consists of a toothed ring and pickup.

16.  The airspeed indicator or airspeed gauge is an
instrument used in an aircraft to display the
craft's airspeed, typically in knots, to thepilot. In its
simplest form, It measures the difference in pressure
between that which is generally around the craft and
the increased pressure caused by propulsion. The
needle tracks pressure differential but the dial is
marked off as airspeed.

17.  Pitometer logs (also known as pit logs) are devices
used to measure a ship's speed relative to the water.
They are used on both surface ships and submarines.
Data from the pitometer log is usually fed directly into
the ship's navigation system.

18.  A speedometer or a speed meter is a gauge that
measures and displays the instantaneous speed of a
vehicle.
 Speedometers for other vehicles have specific names
and use other means of sensing speed. For a boat, this
is a pit log. For an aircraft, this is an airspeed i
ndicator.

19. THANK YOU