Gamma Rays (γ) (noun) penetrating electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei. Gamma rays ( often denoted by the Greek letter gamma, γ) is an energetic form of electromagnetic radiation produced by radioactivity or nuclear or subatomic processes such as electron-positron destruction

2.  Gamma rays (often denoted by the
Greek letter gamma, γ) is an energetic
form of electromagnetic radiation
produced by radioactivity or nuclear or
subatomic processes such as electron-
positron annihilation and radioactive
decay.

3. Inventor Figures
In the end of 1890, Bacquerel
discovered radioactivity inadvertently.
He covered the uranium salt by using
thick black paper and put it on the
photographic plate. And then he put it
into the drawer without exposed it to
sunlight first. A few days later he
found that the photographic plate became
dark. He speculated that the radiation is
stronger than the X ray.
Antoine Henri Becquerel

4. Gamma ray is discovered by
French chemist and physicist, Paul
Ulrich Villard in 1900 while
studying the radiation emanating
from Radium, Polonium and
Uranium. He finds that gamma-ray
can not be deflected by magnetic
fields.
Inventor Figures
Paul Ulrich Villard

5. In 1914, Ernest
Rutherford and Edward
Andrade showed that gamma
rays were a form of
electromagnetic radiation by
measuring their wavelengths
using crystal diffraction. The
measured wavelengths were
similar to those of X-rays and
are very short. It was Ernest
Rutherford who named gamma
rays.
Inventor Figures
Edward Neville da Costa Andrade Ernest Rutherford

8. Electromagnet Spectrum

9.  Radiation of short
wavelength and high
frequency
 Not deflected in a
magnetic field
 The greatest energy
 The strongest
penetration

10. ELECTRON–POSITRON
ANNIHILATION
Electron–positron annihilation occurs when an electron (e−)
and a positron (e+, the electron's antiparticle) collide. The
result of the collision is the annihilation of the electron and
positron, and the creation of gamma ray photons
e− + e+ → γ + γ

11. Radioactive decay
 An excited nucleus can decay by the emission of an α
or β particle. The daughter nucleus that results is
usually left in an excited state. It can then decay to a
lower energy state by emitting a gamma ray photon,
in a process called gamma decay.

12. Gamma Rays and X-rays
 They act somewhat like a particle at times
in that they occur as small "packets" of
energy and are referred to as "photons."
 They differ in their origin. Gamma rays
originate in the nucleus. X-rays originate in
the electron fields surrounding the nucleus
or are machine-produced.

13. Sources
• Natural sources of gamma rays on Earth include gamma decay from
naturally occurring radioisotopes such as potassium-40, and also as
a secondary radiation from various atmospheric interactions with
cosmic ray particles. Some rare terrestrial natural sources that
produce gamma rays that are not of a nuclear origin, are lightning
strikes and terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, which produce high
energy emissions from natural high-energy voltages. Gamma rays
are produced by a number of astronomical processes in which very
high-energy electrons are produced. Such electrons produce
secondary gamma rays by the mechanisms of bremsstrahlung,
inverse Compton scattering and synchrotron radiation. A large
fraction of such astronomical gamma rays are screened by Earth's
atmosphere and must be detected by spacecraft. Notable artificial
sources of gamma rays include fission such as occurs in nuclear
reactors, and high energy physics experiments, such as neutral pion
decay and nuclear fusion

14. Application

15. Preserving of Sorghum
First • Sorghum seed counted 400 seeds / dose
Second
• Perform radiation using gamma rays at a dose of 0,100,200,300,400, ..., 1000 Gy with gamma
irradiator chamber (4000-A)
Third
• M1 seed seeding seedling done in tub
Fourth
• Sowing the seed that has been irradiated in a manner aligned (1 line = 1 dose)
Fifth
• After 1 week sprouts calculation
Sixth
• Week 2 transpalanting process is carried out to obtain the M1 plants
Seventh
• Management of planting soil tillage is done with perfect technique.
Eighth
• Harvesting is done 15 weeks after planting.

16. Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
 This animation tracks several gamma rays
through space and time, from their emission in
the jet of a distant blazar to their arrival in Fermi's
Large Area Telescope (LAT). (video)

17. Gamma Camera
 Gamma Camera Equipment is a tool
used in nuclear medical depiction, to
see and analyze or diagnose overview
of the human body by detecting the
radiation beam from a radio isotope that
is inserted into the patient's body

19.  First,patient are given clinical management base on the
case he felt,
 then the patient will be placed on the patient table ,
detector will be directed to the organ examined
 . The detector will detect particle radiation that emitted by
the isotope that accumulate in the organs .
 Pulse electricity generated by the detector will be
amplified by the amplifier circuit early
 the pulse energy that correspond to the weight of the
isotopes are passed , by engineering logic is formed into
a signal pulse signal Z. X , Y and Z was generated , is fed
to the input interface module imaging to be converted into
digital signals that can be understood by software
acquisitions on the computer . The results of the data
recording will be imaged by acquisition software Medic
view be patient organ image , then the image of this
organ performed using analysis , image data processing
, file storage , reporting and sending files to physicians
and other parts for further treatment .

21. • This device contains radiation source in which there are cobalt-
60, and able to emit radiation at 0.75 curies which can penetrate
up to 15–18 cm of steel
• The radiation is caught by the a vertical tower of gamma
detector and then translated by VACIS (Vehicle and Cargo
Inspections) software application into an image
• The image has an extention .tif and can be annotated by a voice
file that has and extention .wav
• And then the image will be analyzed by image analyst

22. Conclusion
• Gamma rays are an energetic form of electromagnetic
radiation produced by radioactivity or nuclear or
subatomic processes such as electron-positron
annihilation. Gamma rays are the rays that have the most
powerful of emerge power in comparison with alpha and
beta rays, gamma rays are so light that has a wavelength
higher than the other beam.

23. References
• https://www.nde-
ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityColleg
e/Radiography/Physics/gamma.htm
• http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/ga
mma.html
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron%E2%80
%93positron_annihilation
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray