Are you a teen ager ? You may have the chance to affect by Narcolepsy - sleep disorder. It is a chronic brain disorder that involves poor control of sleep-wake cycles. Surf the symptoms and remedies @ www.sleepmedcenter.com
Narcolepsy is a chronic disorder of the central nervous system characterized by the brain's inability to control sleep-wake cycles. At various times throughout the day, people with narcolepsy experience irresistible and sudden bouts of sleep, which can last from a few seconds to several minutes.
Narcolepsy is a chronic disorder of the central nervous system characterized by the brain's inability to control sleep-wake cycles. At various times throughout the day, people with narcolepsy experience irresistible and sudden bouts of sleep, which can last from a few seconds to several minutes.
sleep disorders contains dyssomnias ,parasomnias ,and sleep disorder associated with other major medical disorders . Restless leg syndrome and PLM are also covered here. this ppt also shows how to differentiate between sleep terror and night mares . treatment of sleep disorders also included.
sleep disorders contains dyssomnias ,parasomnias ,and sleep disorder associated with other major medical disorders . Restless leg syndrome and PLM are also covered here. this ppt also shows how to differentiate between sleep terror and night mares . treatment of sleep disorders also included.
a presentation on GABA including its synthesis, storage and degradation, types of receptors, and implications in various neuropsychiatric disorder, and finally a small chart on the drugs acting on GABA system.
Narcolepsy treatment is complex and not always successful. There is no cure for narcolepsy in traditional medicine, but medications and lifestyle modifications can help you manage your symptoms.
The particular treatment approach will be decided by your medical practitioner based on:
age,
physical condition,
medical history
the severity of the symptoms
your tolerance to certain drugs, procedures, or therapies
your expectations from the course of treatment
your belief, attitude, and preference
The goal of narcolepsy treatment is to help you stay as alert as possible throughout the day. It is also important to reduce the time you lose muscle control. In an ideal world, this can be accomplished using a minimal quantity of medicines. Find more information here: https://philaholisticclinic.com/narcolepsy-treatment/
What is narcolepsy? It is estimated that 1 in 3000 people in America suffer from narcolepsy. With a sleeping disorder this serious, maybe you should have a better understanding of just what narcolepsy is.
Running Head NARCOLEPSY AND CATAPLEXYNARCOLEPSY AND CARTAPLEX.docxglendar3
Running Head: NARCOLEPSY AND CATAPLEXY
NARCOLEPSY AND CARTAPLEXY 6
Study of Narcolepsy and cataplexy
Nicole Stallworth
Herzing University
Study of Narcolepsy and cataplexy
Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a serious cause of chronic sleeplessness. It normally develop in teen period and usually develop for life. It can be described as neurological syndrome that leads to sleepless and other symptoms that come along are short episode of the muscle failure or weakness, dreamlike hallucinations, a short period or episode f paralysis that’s when one is waking up or falling asleep them lastly there is a disjointed nighttime sleep. The disease and its symptoms usually begins at the age of10 to 20 (Schwartz, 2017). However, in other cases it starts late. Both men and women are affected at the same rate. It approximately affects 1 person out of 2,000 people. It’s a disease that is manageable. The following are types of narcolepsy, narcolepsy with cataplexy and then narcolepsy without cataplexy. The only difference is people who has narcolepsy without cataplexy are affected with sleeplessness. However, faces no muscle weakness. They don’t face severe signs. This are the two types that are today recognized by clinicians. Another rare cases arise with the injury to the hypothalamus, this is usually called secondary narcolepsy.
Causes Narcolepsy
The exact cause of narcolepsy, but researchers and scientist has identified genes that are associated with the condition. This type of gene are specifically in control of the production or yield of the chemicals founded in brain that signals sleep or awake routine or cycles. In other discussion some scientists argue that narcolepsy comes with the deficiency in secretion of the chemical hypocretin in the brain (Schwartz, 2017). In other cases some feel that it due to abnormalities in certain parts of the brain that regulate REM sleep. Then as a result these abnormalities influence the development of those symptoms. Experts feels that narcolepsy is enhanced by varied factors that comes together or relate to cause neurological disorder.
Symptoms of Narcolepsy
Excessive daytime sleepiness, this in many cases interrupt the normal happenings on a regular basis. Most people who suffers from narcolepsy has reported, memory lapse, depressed moods, mental cloudiness, and lastly lack of concentration and also energy. Cataplexy, loss of muscle tone that makes one too weak and also reduced muscle control. Certain part are interfered with such as speech and o can collapse at a given chance. It perhaps depend on the type of muscle as most of the time the act is triggered by different emotions or behaviour such as laughter and surprise. Sleep paralysis, this symptom is accompanied by one not being able to speak in the process of falling asleep or even waking up (Bassetti, 2018)). However, this type of episode are always brief and people recover very first. Hallucination, one experiences lot of delusion and they are.
Running Head NARCOLEPSY AND CATAPLEXYNARCOLEPSY AND CARTAPLEX.docxtodd581
Running Head: NARCOLEPSY AND CATAPLEXY
NARCOLEPSY AND CARTAPLEXY 6
Study of Narcolepsy and cataplexy
Nicole Stallworth
Herzing University
Study of Narcolepsy and cataplexy
Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a serious cause of chronic sleeplessness. It normally develop in teen period and usually develop for life. It can be described as neurological syndrome that leads to sleepless and other symptoms that come along are short episode of the muscle failure or weakness, dreamlike hallucinations, a short period or episode f paralysis that’s when one is waking up or falling asleep them lastly there is a disjointed nighttime sleep. The disease and its symptoms usually begins at the age of10 to 20 (Schwartz, 2017). However, in other cases it starts late. Both men and women are affected at the same rate. It approximately affects 1 person out of 2,000 people. It’s a disease that is manageable. The following are types of narcolepsy, narcolepsy with cataplexy and then narcolepsy without cataplexy. The only difference is people who has narcolepsy without cataplexy are affected with sleeplessness. However, faces no muscle weakness. They don’t face severe signs. This are the two types that are today recognized by clinicians. Another rare cases arise with the injury to the hypothalamus, this is usually called secondary narcolepsy.
Causes Narcolepsy
The exact cause of narcolepsy, but researchers and scientist has identified genes that are associated with the condition. This type of gene are specifically in control of the production or yield of the chemicals founded in brain that signals sleep or awake routine or cycles. In other discussion some scientists argue that narcolepsy comes with the deficiency in secretion of the chemical hypocretin in the brain (Schwartz, 2017). In other cases some feel that it due to abnormalities in certain parts of the brain that regulate REM sleep. Then as a result these abnormalities influence the development of those symptoms. Experts feels that narcolepsy is enhanced by varied factors that comes together or relate to cause neurological disorder.
Symptoms of Narcolepsy
Excessive daytime sleepiness, this in many cases interrupt the normal happenings on a regular basis. Most people who suffers from narcolepsy has reported, memory lapse, depressed moods, mental cloudiness, and lastly lack of concentration and also energy. Cataplexy, loss of muscle tone that makes one too weak and also reduced muscle control. Certain part are interfered with such as speech and o can collapse at a given chance. It perhaps depend on the type of muscle as most of the time the act is triggered by different emotions or behaviour such as laughter and surprise. Sleep paralysis, this symptom is accompanied by one not being able to speak in the process of falling asleep or even waking up (Bassetti, 2018)). However, this type of episode are always brief and people recover very first. Hallucination, one experiences lot of delusion and they are.
Narcolepsy is a long-term sleeping disorder that is neurological in nature. Furthermore, Jean-Baptiste-Edouard Gélineau is a French physician that coined the medical condition Narcolepsy. Doctors describe and term their patients with Narcolepsy term since 1880. So, this condition is all about chronic disability to maintain or regulate sleep-wake cycles. Primarily, you can also characterize Narcolepsy with symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness and brief episodes of involuntary sleep apart from sleep time.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
2. Narcolepsy
A daytime sleepiness condition in which some patients can fall asleep with
little or no warning.
Narcolepsy is a chronic brain disorder that involves poor control of sleep-wake
cycles. Narcolepsy typically affects patients in their teenage years or in their
20’s.
Sometimes patients are diagnosed in their 40’s or 50’s. In severe cases
patients are prone to falling asleep with little or no warning. These are known
as sleep attacks.
3. Symptoms
Narcolepsy is a syndrome that can be characterized by chronic daytime
sleepiness, accompanied by hypnologic, sleep paralysis and cataplexy.
It is often the case where patients may not have all the symptoms but
daytime sleepiness is a constant symptom in almost all patients.
4. Causes
Most people with narcolepsy have
low levels of the neurotransmitter
hypocretin, which promotes
wakefulness.
Neurotransmitters are chemicals that
neurons produce to communicate
with each other and to regulate
biological processes.
5. Common Conditions associated with
Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy patients are often misdiagnosed as
depressed or having mood disorders because
their sleepiness leads to mood disorder.
Also, Narcolepsy can be a manifestation of
other sleep or medical disorders.
These can include untreated sleep Apnea,
periodic limb movement disorder, restless legs
syndrome, insomnia, or insufficient sleep.
6. Diagnosis & Treatments
Testing may consist of an overnight Polysomnogram followed by a Multiple
Sleep Latatency Test (MSLT). This can help to identify pathologic sleepiness,
and abnormal sleep-wake transitions.
Pharmacologic therapy and good sleep hygiene are the mainstay of
treatment.
7. Thanks for reading !!!
If you are experiencing symptoms of Narcolepsy,
please contact us online or call us at 708-364-
0261 to set up an appointment our sleep
specialists.