Animal Welfare to Human Security:The Connection Between Animal Abuse and Human Anti-Social Behaviors
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GRF 2nd One Health Summit 2013: Presentation by Philip Tedeschi, University of Denver
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Animal Welfare to Human Security:The Connection Between Animal Abuse and Human Anti-Social Behaviors
- 3. Our mission is to provide an unbiased, academic setting in which to conduct research, training and education, technical assistance and advocacy projects from a human, environment and animal welfare perspective, based on the values of resiliency, multiculturalism, social justice, humane behavior, ethics, quality of life and person/animal-inenvironment.
- 4. Mission Statement: Recognizing that human health (including mental health via the human-animal bond phenomenon), animal health, and ecosystem health are inextricably linked, One Health seeks to promote, improve, and defend the health and well-being of all species by enhancing cooperation and collaboration between physicians, veterinarians, other scientific health and environmental professionals and by promoting strengths in leadership and management to achieve these goals. AVMA - One Health Initiative
- 5. What is the Human Animal Bond? A mutually beneficial and dynamic relationship between people and other animals that is influenced by behaviors that are essential to the health and well-being of both. This includes but is not limited to, emotional, psychological, and physical interactions of people, other animals, and the environment. Committee on the Human-Animal Bond in JAVMA 5
- 6. Inspired the creation of •Delta Society •AAHABV •IAHAIO •ISAZ “An i mpor tant v comp oid in le t e l a priso ck of Leo Bustad DVM n cam assoc p life iation wa s a w it h A nimal WAR s” PTSD Complicity of doctors, veterinarians, health care providers, powerful, academics, religious leaders in the German Holocaust a call for compassion and ethics
- 8. Northern Israel : A human and a 4-5 month old puppy were buried together, 10 to 12thousand years ago.
- 9. Pets in U.S. Homes (millions) Pets Euthanized (millions)
- 18. Does aggression and cruelty in our relationships with non-human animals and other living systems predict the development of callousness, aggression and unemotional psychological traits leading to oppression, violence and antisocial actions toward humans?
- 19. Brief historical overview of micro level First published assessment that included questions about animal abuse appeared in Burt’s (1925) The young delinquent. The next instrument to include an item on animal abuse was Achenbach and Edelbrock’s (1983) Child Behavior Checklist. 1987 marked the first appearance on animal abuse as a symptom in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. The symptom has been retained in the 1994 and 2000 revisions of this manual and is included in the World Health Organization’s (1996) International Classification of Diseases - 10.
- 21. Prevalence - % of sample reporting “cruel to animals” 25 22 20 18 15 MEN 10 5 0 WOMEN 6.2 5.5 4.6 2.2 NO CD CD ASPD (based on Gelhorn, et al., 2007)
- 24. CONDUCT DISORDER Anthrozoös, 1997, 10, 170-177 EMPATHY Callous/Unemotional Traits BULLYING
- 25. •CAAI-Children and animals assessment instrument Ascione, Thompson, & Black •CAI-Children and animals inventory Dadds et al. •BPSS-Battered partner shelter survey Ascione & Weber •COEP-Children’s observation of and experiences with pets Ascione & Weber •SAQ-Screening and assessment questions Faver & Strand •SCRA-Survey on children’s relationships with animals Pagani, Robustelli, & Ascione •CTSHARE-Childhood Trust survey on animal-related experiences Boat •FBRA-Family-based risk assessment Loar •PCACTA-Prosecutor’s checklist of abusive conduct toward animals Phillips •NAIDC-Non-accidental injury in the dog and cat Munro & Thrusfield Ascione & Peak •ACD-Animal cruelty database Lockwood •AARDAS-Animal abuse registry database administration system petabuse.com •AHMPCRF-Animal hoarding monitoring project case report form Patronek •AAWEAAN-Assessing animal welfare and elder adult abuse and neglect [
- 26. 23 major research studies underway, NICHD •Pets and Families - University of Denver-GSSW National Institute for Child Health and Human Development
- 28. Making the Link study project is being conducted in Romania, a country where it was found that 86% of children in the study, had been exposed to animal abuse in public as compared to 34% in Berlin Germany. (often extreme violence) 10% of the children admitted to animal abuse identified as aggressing against people and property, theft, arson, reduced empathy and suicidal thoughts. exacerbated by the introduction of a new law seeking to ‘ eradicate ‘ the stray animal population by ‘ culling ‘ A policy which has been shown to be unsuccessful whenever attempted and is inconsistent with European and International Conventions.
- 29. DEVELOPMENTAL TRAJECTORIES ABSENCE no AA EMERGENCE AA DESISTENCE PERSISTENCE Other antisocial TRANSFORMATION [“graduation”? “demotion”?]
- 30. Human abuse and violence do not operate in isolation. A growing body of research shows that animal abuse is predictive of human aggression patterns including the ability to commit murder and larger social injustice. Exposure to animal abuse can produce a desensitization process where empathic abilities are reduced and callousness increased.
- 31. Do animal populations and eco-systems deserve direct moral consideration and is it a One- Health Consideration?
- 32. There is a prevailing view that the human use of animals as “ living tools” has facilitated human advancement: Is this an accurate view of our relationship with Animals? Domesecration Historically and currently exploitation of other animals is fundamentally linked to the most serious violations of environmental destruction, climate change, global land conflicts and oppression of human and non humans
- 33. WORLD ORGANIZATION OF ANIMAL HEALTH GLOBAL ANIMAL WELFARE STRATEGY Global standards previously set must look beyond just economic livestock production, disease prevention and veterinary health considerations and framework: RAWS – REGIONAL ANIMAL WELFARE STANDARDS IMPROVED TRANSPORT IMPROVED METHODS OF KILLING DISEASE IN FOOD PRODUCTION VETERINARY GOVERNANCE LEGISLATION AND STANDARDS
- 34. 801 state laws since 2005
- 36. farm animals slaughtered (billions) Is reducing meat consumption a One Health Agenda?
- 37. Defined the processes by which the natural environment produces resources that we often take for granted such as clean water, timber, and habitat for fisheries, and pollination of native and agricultural plants
- 38. Rockstrom et al 2009
- 40. One square mile of land contains more insects than the total number of human beings on earth! Over 60% of Amphibians recently extinct or in drastic decline due to habitat loss, climate change, pollution, over consumption & disease
- 41. Facing The Anthropocene - 6th Extinction
- 44. Psychoterratic Mental Health Problems Ecoanxiety Ecoparalysis Global Angst-Dread Solastalgia Econostalgia
- 45. The concept of One Health can integrate the empirically supportable and widely recognized connection between structural violence directed toward animals and ecological systems as a predictor of human violence and increased risks to psychological health, social justice and human security especially directed toward children and vulnerable populations. (micro, mezzo and macro levels)
- 46. IAHAIO's 2014 AGM and yearly symposium will be held in Amsterdam, Netherlands.July 25th and 26th Animals and Humans Together: Integration in Society July 19th to 22nd Vienna, Austria
- 47. Thank You
Editor's Notes
- I would like to also thank my sponsoring program, The Graduate School of Social Work at the University of Denver and my Dean, who is chairing todays session for support of our involvement in the conference and encouraging the development of our program. In 2006 The School established The Institute for Human Animal Connection. In the development of this program we initially explored the importance of our relationship to animals and then the living world
- Personal Introduction GSSW's guiding principles enables graduates to analyze social problems in individuals, families, organizations, communities and social policy. The school orients itself toward multidisciplinary coordination We believe that including animals and animal as individuals into these considerations is an important new framework for the new generation of human service professional.
- >Support systems are defined in many ways. Argueably, Probably the most important quality is the ability to convey respect, offer useful interdependance, creating the experience of being cared for and loved. And of course offering safety. These are particularly valuable when the support system can offer these qualities with authentic interest and reliably. How does the Human Animal Bond measure up?
- r. Bustad experienced war, did not make it central to many of his writings or discussions but some. He self diagnosed as having PTSD and many of those persons who know him recall his mannersims and behaviors that were resonponses to these experiences. It was however the complicty of the educated, the powerful in carrrying out the evil of the holocuast that appears to have penetrated and hurt Dr. Bustad the most abou that experience. He had other significant losses as well……… Resilience- Animals and Animal well being as a mesaure of health, humor , learning, ethics and moral commintmnet
- “Human responses to these deep affiliations [with nature] have complex benefits that…enhance psychic and physical well being” (p. 2).“must…develop strategies to assist our communities and neighborhoods (to) incorporate biophilia into our homes, our places of work, and our social interactions and recognize the extent to which our physical health, mental health, and happiness depend on a vital, diverse, bio-rich planet”
- Sometimes the explanations are simple – these boys have probably observed the acts they imitate in their play
- Example: Animal abuse in childhood becomes bullying in adolescence and domestic violence in adulthood??
- The inner green shading represents the proposed safe operating space for nine planetary systems. The red wedges represent an estimate of the current position for each variable. The boundaries in three systems (rate of biodiversity loss, climate change and human interference with the nitrogen cycle), have already been exceeded.
- Background rate 1-2 spp/year. Today 100 – 1,000 times faster than natural rate
- Another alarming example is the impact of pollution on the environment effecting air quality, water quality, soil quality all impacted by perilous human behaviors. These have direct implication for healthy biodiversity.
- Like any emotional trauma that is persistent and chronic, humans utilize basic defense mechanisms to shut out the painful reality. This denial has caused us to begin to rationalize the seriousness of issues like global warming, avoid the painful truth of animal mass extinction and deny the serious impacts we have on the earth and it’s non- human and human inhabitants. Many of these impacts are irreversible making increasingly the response denial about the seriousness of these issues.
- Ecoanxiety, Ecoparalysis, Global Angst-Dread, Solastalgia, Econostalgia all are new terms given to the increasing evidence that as the abuse of the planets ecological systems are overwhelmed, biodiversity of the planet is reduced the mental stress levels on people increases causing a generalized fear, anxiety and level of depression and inability to function. We are attached to the health of our mother but beginning to present with the recognizable clinical symptoms of attachment disorder.