The CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA) conducts research on sustainable forest management, agroforestry, and tree genetic resources. It has over 100 partners worldwide and works across six research themes. Key achievements include over 1,300 publications, significant outcomes, strong monitoring and evaluation, gender mainstreaming, capacity building activities, and securing over $45 million in funding. FTA aims to refine its approach based on evaluations and adapt its research themes and focus over subsequent phases to 2025 to maximize impacts.

1. The CGIAR…
… in short (http://www.cgiar.org/)

7. The context
We have exceeded 3 of the 9 Planetary boundaries: greater
risks and uncertainty emerging.

8. Global developments 1960-2010
Billionpeople

9. Why forests are important
 Forests provide $250 billion in various forms of income and are essential to
the livelihoods of 1.6 billion people – a quarter of the world’s population
 They contain 80% of the Earth’s terrestrial biodiversity
 Forests absorb up to a third of all carbon emissions

10. Forests, Trees and Agroforestry
http://foreststreesagro
forestry.org/

11. Consultative development process
27 May 2010: 20 page concept note sent to 328 partners
5 July: 73 respondents agree to provide comment on full draft proposal
14 July: Full draft proposal sent to 171 partners
27 August: 34 partners provide comments
6 September: Full draft submitted to Consortium Board
24 December: Consortium Board + 4 independent reviewers
provide comment on full draft
19 January 2011: Revised draft sent to 100+ partners
25 January: 18 partners provide comments
7 February: Full draft proposal re-
submitted to Consortium Board
6 April 2011: CRP6 Approved by
Fund Council

12. CRP6 Conceptual framework
and components
+ cross-cutting themes of gender, communications, Sentinel Landscapes

13. Sentinel Landscapes

14. FTA Update – Project outputs 2014

15. FTA Update – Project outputs 2014

16. FTA Update – Project outputs 2014

17. Partnerships
Levels/Types Research Partners Policy and Practice
Partners
Knowledge-sharing
Partners
International CIRAD, IRD, IUFRO,
Columbia University,
Wageningen, VITRI, other
universities and ARI
CPF, FAO, UNEP, World
Bank, UN-REDD, IPCC, FSC,
IUCN
BBC World Service Trust,
Panos, UN-REDD, CPF,
IUCN
Regional CATIE, ANAFE, FARA,
SEANAFE; ASARECA, CORAF,
SAARD, STCP,
SA/AP/LAFORGEN
AFF, COMIFAC, ASEAN,
ECOWAS
RECOFTC, STCP, CATIE
Country or local NARS, UNIKIS, other
universities, FORDA, KEFRI,
other research organizations
NARS, government, CBOs,
NGOs, private sector
companies
Local NGOs and
networks, government

18.  Research outputs: more than 1300 publications (550 ISI),
several databases, numerous guidelines & toolkits
 Outcomes: significant set of outcomes with good
representation in the CGIAR portfolio report
 MEIA: on top of the game in the CGIAR; IDOs, Theory of
change, outcome mapping, joint implementation of M&E with
other CRPs
 Gender: in the top 4, strategy, 3 hired, 3 to come, trained
>60 scientists, guidelines, tools – used by partners, commit
10% of funding
 Capacity building: (>200 workshops, 5000 pax, 48%
women; 80 PhD, 500 interns, 47% women; 3 course in house,
120 pax, 67% women)
 Funding: W2 increased to 8M; 45M W1/2 secured; 82M
raised in W3/others in 2 years. The 4th largest CRP
Achievements

19. Phase 1, 2011-14
Development
Phase 1.2, 2015-16
Refinement
Phases 3 + 4, 2017-25
Stock take & adaptation
Teams and processes
Common Operational Plan
Mapping projects
MEIA & Gender strategies
Building partnerships
External Evaluation 2013
Impact assessments
Theme evaluations
IDOs + targets
↗ collaboration between
CRPs (esp. 1.x)
↗ harmonization
↗ integration of partners
into governance and
implementation
Mid-term impact “overview”
Evaluation of implementation
of gender and MEIA strategy
Milestones to IDOs
Overall approach revisited
and modified based on
results of CRP impact
assessment, successes &
failures, etc.
Revisiting original themes,
focusing, addressing gaps
and emerging issues
New themes, continuation
of relevant ones
Overall impacts (target
achievements - 2023)
External evaluations 2018,
2023
Phased work plan
Defining research themes
Data management and
platforms

20. Extension proposal 2015-2016

21. Flagship projects and
cross-cutting themes

22. CIFOR
www.cifor.org

23. CIFOR’s vision
 Forests are high on the
political agenda
 People recognize the value
of forests for maintaining
livelihoods and ecosystems
 Decisions that influence
forests and the people that
depend on them are based
on solid science and
principles of good
governance, and reflect
the perspectives of
developing countries and
forest-dependent people

24. CIFOR’s purpose
 We advance human
wellbeing,
environmental
conservation and
equity by conducting
research to inform
policies and practices
that affect forests in
less-developed
countries.

25. CIFOR’s history
 Established in 1993 as part of the
CGIAR
 Board’s early guidance led to
emphasis on policy-oriented, multi-
disciplinary research
 Major lines of research have included:
• Criteria and indicators
• Underlying causes of deforestation
• Decentralisation
• Improved logging practices
• Forests and livelihoods
• Forest finance and governance
 Board approved a new strategy in
2008

26. Where and how we work

27. Where we work: Tropical forests
Humid forests
1.1 billion hectares
Diverse, 50% terrestrial species
Low population density
Rural poor/marginalized groups
Dry forests
0.7 billion hectares
Less diverse, high endemism
Low /high population density
Disproportionate number of poor

28. Where we work
Cameroon Indonesia
Headquarters: Bogor, Indonesia
3 hubs & several project offices
Research sites in more than 30 countries
Peru Kenya

29.  Global comparative
research
 Synthesizing
existing knowledge
 Developing new
methods
 Partnership
 Capacity-building
 Outreach
How we
work:
Approaches

30. Research agenda

32.  Smallholder production
systems and markets
 Management and
conservation of forest and
tree resources
 Environmental services and
landscape management
 Climate change adaptation
and mitigation
 Impacts of trade and
investment on forests and
people
Research
components

33. Research
component
 Enhancing management and production systems for
smallholders (food security and nutrition)
 Increasing income generation and market integration
for smallholders
 Improving policy and institutions to enhance social
assets to secure rights in forest- and tree-dependent
communities
Smallholder production systems and markets

34. Example of research:
Poverty and Environment
Network (PEN)
 Study of forest-based
contributions to incomes in
more than 8,000 households in
24 countries
 Finding: Income from forests
contributes on average more
than one-fifth of total
household earnings for people
living in or
near forests
 PEN publications to be
released
in April 2014

35. Example of impact: Money for honey
 CIFOR analysis in Cameroon on the roles played by men, women and youth in
beekeeping chains aided the formation of the small enterprise Guiding Hope.
Today, it collaborates with over 1,000 producers and their households.
 Body Shop began using Guiding Hope honey and wax in its products in 2010

36.  Understanding threats to important tree species and
formulating genetic conservation strategies
 Conserving and characterizing high-quality germplasm
of important tree crops and their wild relatives
 Developing improved silvicultural, monitoring and
management practices for multiple use
 Developing tools and methods to resolve conflicts over
distribution of benefits and resource rights
Management and conservation of forest and tree
resources
Research
component

37. Example of research: Bushmeat
 In rural areas of the Congo Basin, many
communities depend on wild meat hunted in
forests for up to 80 percent of the fats and
proteins in their diets.
 Scientific field work in Congo Basin resulted in
several articles and a 2008 synthesis monograph
on the bushmeat crisis and creation of the
Liaison Group on Bushmeat

38. Example of impact:
Certification for
smallholders
 CIFOR assistance to the
Forestry Stewardship
Council’s efforts to
refine FSC standards
for small-scale
operations with
prospective application
in Brazil, Cameroon,
and Mexico

39.  Understanding drivers of forest transition
 Understanding the consequences of forest
transition for environmental services and
livelihoods
 Learning landscapes: dynamics of multi-
functionality
Environmental services and landscape managementResearch
component

40. Example of research: Tenure
constraints on REDD
Competitiveness of REDD supply Bottleneck: Land tenure chaos
Unknown tenure 53%
Indigenous lands 9%
Agricultural settlements 10%
PA for sustainable use 9%
Community lands <1%
Registered properties 1%
Legend
Cities
Roads
State limits
Water
Sources: IBAMA, INCRA 2007, Soares-Filho et al. 2006
 CIFOR analysis of tenure constraints to PES-based approaches to
forest conservation in Brazil

41. Example of impact:
Community forestry in Guinea
 Research from a USAID-supported project in Guinea identified policy options to strengthen
community forests as legal entities and practical options for agricultural intensification
 Up to threefold increase in local incomes, and major expansion in natural vegetation cover

42.  Harnessing forests, trees and agroforestry
for climate change mitigation
 Enhancing climate change adaptation
 Understanding synergies between climate
change mitigation and adaptation
Climate change adaptation and mitigationResearch
component

43. Example of research:
Carbon in mangroves
 New finding: Surprisingly large
amounts of carbon stored in
mangrove forests, especially
below ground
Mangrove photo

44. Example of impact:
Ecosystem-based adaptation
 Joint CIFOR-CATIE research on
tropical forests and climate
change adaptation in Honduras
influenced the design of one of
the first projects ever approved
by the UNFCCC’s Adaptation
Fund Board

45.  Understanding the processes and impacts
of forest-related trade and investment
 Enhancing responses and policy options to
mitigate the negative impacts and enhance
the positive impacts of trade and
investment
Impacts of trade and investment on forests and peopleResearch
component

46. Example of research:
Implications of biodiesel-induced land-use
changes
 Direct and/or indirect land-use changes from cultivation of feedstocks
cause can emissions due to carbon losses in soils and biomass
 In the different case studies explored for this analysis, the largest carbon
debt is created by oil palm followed by jatropha and soybean
Carbon debt due to direct (dLUC) and indirect land-use change (iLUC)
expressed in terms of both carbon and CO2-eq
Note: (1)
represent the
low iLUC
scenario , and
(2) constitutes
the most
conservative
estimate

47. Example of impact: Forest industry
Research on Indonesia’s pulp and paper industry helped avert the
loss of 135,000 hectares of natural tropical rainforest, valued at
$133 million in avoided carbon emissions

48. Impact pathways

49. Engagement with policy makers

50. Engagement with practitioners
CIFOR hosted and contributed to more than 20 conferences and workshops in 2013 that
involved civil society and business representatives
 Sustainable Forest Management in Central Africa (above, May 2013)
 Fires, Haze and Landscape Workshop (January 2014)
 Forests Asia Summit (May 2014)

51. Capacity development:
Example from the DRC
 Survey in 2005 found less than 10 active
researchers in DRC - a country that
represent 60% of the Congo Basin’s forests
 Project at the University of Kisangani: 35
MSc students trained; 25 PhDs ongoing
 Separate project in Congo Basin on climate
change adaptation trained 40 MSc students;
additional 15 PhD

52.  Web-based
 Combines with
traditional outreach
 Demand driven
 Tailored to
stakeholders
 Shared platforms and
content with partners
 Constant monitoring,
review, adaptation
Communications
CIFOR
Output
Knowledge
sharing
Knowledge
sharing
Knowledge
sharing
Impact
Impact
Impact
CIFOR
Research
CIFOR’s communications model

53. Web-based outreach
Page views of Forests News
(now 40,000+ per month avg)

54. REDD+ website in Bahasa Indonesia
www.redd-indonesia.org
109,892
publications
downloaded
since launch
in April 2011

55. Integrated with traditional outreach

56. www.cifor.org
foreststreesagroforestry.org