Effects of Eutrophication

1. EUTROPHICATION
BY M.ARUMUGAM MAHARAJA
B.E CIVIL II YEAR
amrajacivil@gmail.com
SONA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

2. Any ideas!!!!
What is Eut r o p hicat io n

3. Photo 1: Algal bloom in a lake.

4. Lake Biwa, the largest lake in Japan during summer time
showing overgrowth of aquatic plants.

5. OUTLINE:
☻ Definition of Eutrophication
☻ Mechanism
☻ Sources
☻ Effects
☻ Prevention

6. Fertilizers applied to agricultural land may be carried
into natural water bodies through run-off, causing over-
nourishment of lakes and culminating in the production
of algal blooms. It is also called ‘Hypertrophication’
DE FINITIO N
GREEK: eutrophia (eu "well" + trephein "nourish" ).
EUTROHICATION-OVERNOURISHMENT

7. It is the ecosystem's response to the addition of artificial or
natural nutrients, mainly Phosphates, through
detergents, fertilizers, or sewage, to an aquatic system
Sodium triphosphate, once a component
of many detergents, was a major
contributor to eutrophication.

8. fe rtilis e rs
s e w a g e
(liq u id d o m e s tic
a n d in d u s tria l w a s te )
m in e ra ls
e s p . n itra te s
m in e ra ls
e s p . p h o s p h a te s
e u tro p h ic a tio n
a lg a l b lo o m
c o m p e titio n
fo r lig h t
c o n s u m e rs c a n ' t
c o n s u m e fa s t e n o u g h
d e a d p la n ts d e a d a lg a e
organicmaterial
Theprocessof
Eutrophication

9. c o m p e titio n
fo r lig h t
c o n s u m e rs c a n ' t
c o n s u m e fa s t e n o u g h
d e a d p la n ts d e a d a lg a e
d e tritu s
m o re d e c o m p o s e rs
u s e u p o x y g e n
b y a e ro b ic re s p ira tio n
(in c re a s e d B O D )
The process of Eutrophication cont.

10. MECHANISM:
1. Excess nutrients are applied to the soil.
2. Some nutrients leach into the soil where they can remain for years. Eventually,
they get drained into the water body.
3. Some nutrients run off over the ground into the body of water.
4. The excess nutrients cause an algal bloom.
5. The algal bloom blocks the light of the sun from reaching the bottom of the
water body.
6. The plants beneath the algal bloom die because they cannot get sunlight to
photosynthesize.
7. Eventually, the algal bloom dies and sinks to the bottom of the lake. Bacteria
begins to decompose the remains, using up oxygen for respiration.
8. The decomposition causes the water to become depleted of oxygen. Larger life
forms, such as fish, suffocate to death. This body of water can no longer support
life.

11. SOURCES
POINT SOURCES
NONPOINT
SOURCES

12. P O I N T
S O U R C E S
Wastewater effluent (municipal and industrial)
Runoff and leachate from waste disposal systems
Runoff and infiltration from animal feedlots
Runoff from mines, oil fields, industrial sites
Overflows of combined storm and sanitary sewers
Runoff from construction sites less than 20,000 m² (220,000 ft²)
Untreated sewage

13. N O N - POINT S O U RCES
Runoff from agriculture/irrigation
Runoff from pasture and range
Urban runoff from areas
Septic tank leachate
Runoff from construction sites >20,000 m²
Runoff from abandoned mines
Atmospheric deposition over a water surface
Other land activities generating contaminants

19. ♣ Increased biomass of phytoplankton
♣ Toxic or inedible phytoplankton species
♣ Increases in blooms of gelatinous zooplankton
♣ Increased biomass of benthic and epiphytic algae
♣ Changes in macrophyte species composition and
biomass
♣ Decreases in water transparency
(increased turbidity)
EFFECTS

20. ♣ Color, smell, and water treatment problems
♣ Dissolved oxygen depletion
♣ Increased incidences of fish kills
♣ Loss of desirable fish species
♣ Reductions in harvestable fish and shellfish
♣ Decreases in perceived aesthetic value of the water body
♣ Decreased biodiversity

21. Eutrophication poses a problem not only
to ecosystems, but to humans as well.
Reducing eutrophication should be a key
concern when considering future policy, and
a sustainable solution for everyone, including
farmers and ranchers, seems feasible.

22. Shellfish in estuaries: unique solutions
Minimizing nonpoint pollution: future work
Riparian buffer zones
Prevention policy
Nitrogen testing and modeling
Organic farming
P R E V E N T I O N :

23. Another Simple filtration also reduces EUTROPHICATION

25. ANY QUERIES?

26. R E F E R E N C E S :
Wikipedia-Notes
You tube –Pictures
Environmental Science by Sonaversity

27. M.ARUMUGAM MAHARAJA
I I YEAR
SONA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
amrajacivil@gmail.com
THANK YOU