(1) Eutrophication is the process where a body of water becomes enriched with nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates, which promotes excessive growth of algae. (2) This disrupts the aquatic ecosystem and causes oxygen levels in the water to decline, negatively impacting other organisms. (3) Sources of eutrophication include agricultural runoff, sewage, and air pollution carrying fertilizers and nitrogen. Control methods include reducing nutrient inputs and removing algae and sediment from affected waters.
Eutrophication & the Process of EutrophicationPantho Sarker
Eutrophication is the ultimate consequence of bacterial decomposition of the green lives and further scarcity of oxygen and suffocation as well. In this presentation we have tried to show the its' process, types, consequences, impact on nature and human life and how can we control it.
What is Eutrophication and it's cause, what impacts on environment as well as on human and how to control it. All details shown in this ppt plus one case study.
Eutrophication & the Process of EutrophicationPantho Sarker
Eutrophication is the ultimate consequence of bacterial decomposition of the green lives and further scarcity of oxygen and suffocation as well. In this presentation we have tried to show the its' process, types, consequences, impact on nature and human life and how can we control it.
What is Eutrophication and it's cause, what impacts on environment as well as on human and how to control it. All details shown in this ppt plus one case study.
A harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms via production of natural toxins, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means. HABs are often associated with large-scale marine mortality events and have been associated with various types of shellfish poisonings.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY IN TAMIRABARANI RIVER ENCROACHED BY WAT...Jenson Samraj
This dissertation explains the analysis of water quality in which the Eichhornia crassipes lives further from many different samples the water was analyzed by my friend Mr. Esakki Raja
A bioindicator is any an "indicator species" or group of species whose function, population, or status reveal the qualitative status of the environment.
Waste water treatment is a process to convert waste water – which is water no longer needed or suitable for its most recent use into an effluent that can be either returned to the water cycle with minimal environmental issues or reused.
A harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms via production of natural toxins, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means. HABs are often associated with large-scale marine mortality events and have been associated with various types of shellfish poisonings.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY IN TAMIRABARANI RIVER ENCROACHED BY WAT...Jenson Samraj
This dissertation explains the analysis of water quality in which the Eichhornia crassipes lives further from many different samples the water was analyzed by my friend Mr. Esakki Raja
A bioindicator is any an "indicator species" or group of species whose function, population, or status reveal the qualitative status of the environment.
Waste water treatment is a process to convert waste water – which is water no longer needed or suitable for its most recent use into an effluent that can be either returned to the water cycle with minimal environmental issues or reused.
agricultural pollution which is a current major issue by any country in the world especially the countries like india and china are agricultural countries as i think this is the best seminar topic
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...
Seminer on eutrophication and its control
1. SEMINER ON EUTROPHICATION
AND ITS CONTROL
Name:Payel Brahma
RollNo.:96/EVM/125001
Reg.No.:066612 of 2012-2013
M.Sc 4th Semester Examination 2014
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
2. EUTROPHICATION
The process by which a body of water acquires a
high concentration of nutrients, especially
phosphates and nitrates. These typically promote
excessive growth of algae. As the algae die and
decompose, high levels of organic matter and the
decomposing organisms deplete the water of
available oxygen, causing the death of other
organisms, such as fish. Eutrophication is a
natural, slow-aging process for a water body, but
human activity greatly speeds up the process.
3. • WHY IS EUTROPHICATION A PROBLEM?
- Rich nutrient input stimulates growth of algae
which change the lake or stream as their
populations increase. This is particularly the
case when they undergo population
explosions, referred to as "blooms.“
from a multiple use perspective, such
stimulation has undesirable consequences:
4. From a multiple use perspective, such stimulation has
undesirable consequences
• (1) Penetration of light into the water is
diminished. This occurs because the algae forms
mats as a result of being produced faster than
they are consumed. Diminished light penetration
decreases the productivity of plants living in the
deeper waters (and hence their production of
oxygen).
• (2) The water becomes depleted in oxygen. When
the abundant algae die and decompose, much
oxygen is consumed by those decomposers.
Oxygen in the water is also lowered by the lack of
primary production in the darkened, deeper
waters.
5. • (3) Lowered oxygen results in the death of fish
that need high levels of dissolved oxygen ("DO"),
such as trout, salmon and other desirable sport
fish. The community composition of the water
body changes, with fish that can tolerate low DO,
such as carp predominating.
• (4) Further, some of the algal species that
"bloom" produce toxins that render the water
unpalatable.
-Essentially, the entire aquatic ecosystem changes
with eutrophication.
6.
7.
8. LAKE AND RIVERS
• Eutrophication can be human-caused or natural.
Untreated sewage effluent and agricultural run-off
carrying fertilizers are examples of human-caused
eutrophication. However, it also occurs naturally in
situations where nutrients accumulate (e.g.
depositional environments), or where they flow into
systems on an ephemeral basis. Eutrophication
generally promotes excessive plant growth and
decay, favouring simple algae and plankton over
other more complicated plants, and causes a severe
reduction in water quality. Phosphorus is a necessary
nutrient for plants to live, and is the limiting factor
for plant growth in many freshwater ecosystems. The
addition of phosphorus increases algal growth.
9. LAKES AND RIVERS
• Enhanced growth of aquatic vegetation
orphytoplankton and algal blooms disrupts
normal functioning of the ecosystem, causing a
variety of problems such as a lack
of oxygen needed for fish and shellfish to survive.
The water becomes cloudy, typically coloured a
shade of green, yellow, brown, or red.
Eutrophication also decreases the value of rivers,
lakes and aesthetic enjoyment. Health problems
can occur where eutrophic conditions interfere
with drinking water treatment.
11. OCEAN WATER
• Eutrophication is a common phenomenon in coastal
waters. In contrast to freshwater systems, nitrogen is
more commonly the key limiting nutrient of marine
waters; thus, nitrogen levels have greater importance
to understanding eutrophication problems in salt
water. Estuaries tend to be naturally eutrophic because
land-derived nutrients are concentrated where run-off
enters a confined channel. Upwelling in coastal systems
also promotes increased productivity by conveying
deep, nutrient-rich waters to the surface, where the
nutrients can be assimilated by algae. In addition to
runoff from land, atmospheric fixed nitrogen can enter
the open ocean.
12. TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM
• Terrestrial ecosystems are subject to similarly
adverse impacts from eutrophication.
• Increased nitrates in soil are frequently
undesirable for plants. Many terrestrial plant
species are endangered as a result of soil
eutrophication, such as the majority of orchid
species in Europe.
13. ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN
EUTROPHICATION
• In the summary of water quality impacts of fertilizers,
FAO/ECE (1991) cited the following problems:
• · Fertilization of surface waters (eutrophication) results in,
for example, explosive growth of algae which causes
disruptive changes to the biological equilibrium [including
fish kills]. This is true both for inland waters (ditches, river,
lakes) and coastal waters.
• While these problems were primarily attributed to mineral
fertilizers by FAO/ECE (1991), in some areas the problem is
particularly associated with extensive and intensive
application of organic fertilizers (manure).
14. Annual global nitrogen fertilizer consumption for 1960-1995 (1
Tg = 1012 g; data from FAO 1999). The rate of increase was
relatively steady until the late 1980s, Fertilizer use is growing
again
16. WHERE NUTRIENTS COME FROM?
• A lake or reservoir may, however, be naturally
eutrophied when situated in a fertile area with
naturally nutrient enriched soils. In many lakes
and reservoirs wastewater is the main source.
• Drainage water from agricultural land also
contains phosphorus and nitrogen.
17. • Rain water contains phosphorus and nitrogen
from air pollution. As nitrogen is more mobile
in the atmosphere than phosphorus, it is
usually over 20 times more concentrated than
phosphorus.
• When lakes are used for aquaculture, excess
fish food pollutes the water as complete use
of the food cannot be achieved.
18. • The sediment of a lake -its muddy bottom
layer -contains relatively high concentrations
of nitrogen and phosphorus.
• Major sources of nutrients in lakes-
19.
20.
21. Table 4 shows the average composition of freshwater plants on a wet
basis (when they are not dried): the plants require all listed
components in the approximate percentages indicated
22. CONTROL OF EUTROPHICATION
• 1. Chemical precipitation of phosphorus. Aluminum
salts have a strong affinity to adsorb and absorb
inorganic phosphates and remove phosphorus
containing particulate matter from the water column.
The settled aluminum-phosphate complexes also
create a seal layer over the bottom sediment that
reduces the phosphorus release from the bottom. This
process also improves dramatically clarity of the water
body (and may also result in the emergence of
macrophytes).
• 2. Sediment removal. Sediment with large
concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen (organic
and ammonia) serve as an internal nutrient source and
could be removed.
23. • 3. Aeration. This technique keeps the
hypolimnion aerobic which reduces the
phosphorus and ammonia release from the
anoxic bottom sediments. This reduces the
nutrient content in water and their availability.
• 4. Sediment oxidation. Oxidation of the
sediments may also reduce the remobilization
of phosphorus into the water column.
24. • 5. Fish management. Sometimes fish
management that would enhance grazing of
phytoplankton has been practiced. Also in a
hyper-eutrophic impoundment, game fish is
absent and is replaced by rough bottom
feeding fish species that stir the sediments
and increase phosphate release.
25. • 6.Phytoplankton biomass in the eutrophic zone is often
controlled by the availability of certain nutrients that,
in addition to light, are essential for growth.
• 7.Algae filtration from superficial water.
• 8.Ultrasonic irradiation for blue-green algae control
Uses of some Ultrasonic device like-
• AL 50
• AL 50 D
• AL 20
• Al 10
• Al 5
