1. Chemistry

2. Summary
 What is summary?
 -a shorter version of the original
 Why do we need summary?
 -to highlight the key ideas, the main points worth
remembering
 What is the first step?
 -find key words
 What are key words?
 -meaningful repeated words often replaced by
synonyms
 Where do key words usually appear?
 -in opening and closing sentences, headings, titles

3. Paragraphs titles
 What is particular about chemistry as a
science?
 How did chemistry begin?
 How did the modern chemistry originate?
 What was the second discovery in
chemistry?
 What was the third development in
chemistry?

4. Paragraph 1
 What is particular about chemistry as
a science?
 Chemistry is the science which
connects all other sciences and
explains how everything is
constructed and works.

5. Paragraph 2
 How did chemistry begin?
 Chemistry began with discovery of
many chemical processes that are in
use today.

6. Paragraph 3
 How did the modern chemistry
originate?
 With the understanding of what
happens to substances when they are
changed, which brought scientists to
the idea of mass conservation.

7. Paragraph 4
 What was the second discovery in
chemistry?
 The second discovery was related to
the nature of matter and its make up.

8. Paragraph 5
 What was the third development in
chemistry?
 The third development was about the
classification of elements made by
Mendeleev.

9. Careers in chemistry
 How do chemists help to treat and
cure diseases?
 Through the development of new
medicines for diseases and search for
better treatments for some incurable
diseases.

10. Careers in chemistry
 How can chemists support doctors
working in hospitals?
 Through analysis of samples from
patients and study of patients
response to treatment.

11. Careers in chemistry
 What do chemists do to make sure we
have good quality food?
 Through conducting tests on food
products and a thorough control of
their quality as well as the
development of new methods of
meeting standards.

12. Careers in chemistry
 What part do chemists play in the
production of plastics?
 Chemists play a major role in the
production of plastics because it is
due to chemical processes designed
by chemists that oil is turned into
plastics.

13. Careers in chemistry
 How are chemists working to reduce
pollution?
 Pollution is reduced through the
development and implementation of
purification methods

14. Notetaking techniques
 spacing between points
 abbreviations
 underlining/capital letters
 Indenting (paragraphing)
 ordered points
 different colours
 keywords only

15. Grammar in context
 Complex subject
 Chemistry is often said to be the central science.
 Modal verbs
 Ancient man must have wondered what happened to the wood he
burnt
 Past Simple vs Past Perfect
 Although Lavoisier was the first to publish his ideas, Lomonosov had
reached the same conclusions some years earlier
 Constructions with infinitive
 Even while chemists were divided on atomism, it became necessary
for someone to make senses of the growing list of elements
 Emphatic constructions
 It was by burning things that ancient man discovered iron and glass
 Inversion
 So accurate was his classification of the elements, that he was able
to predict the properties of undiscovered ones.