1. The history of Canada began with European exploration in the 15th century. John Cabot claimed Newfoundland for England in 1497. Jacques Cartier discovered Canada for France in 1534. 2. France and Britain fought for control of Canadian territory and the lucrative fur trade, resulting in Britain gaining control after the French and Indian War and the Treaty of Paris in 1763. 3. The British North America Act of 1867 united four colonies into the Dominion of Canada, establishing the foundations of the modern Canadian confederation.

1. CCBFL: LESSON 1
Canadian Culture and Basic
French Language

2. History of Canada
Prepared by:
Charmaine P. Reyes

5. England Claims Newfoundland
 1497: Italian
explorer John
Cabot, sailed to
Canada’s east coast
 Cabot claimed an
area of land for
England (his
sponsor) & named it
Newfoundland

6. John Cabot

7. Canada
 It was discovered in
year 1534, by
Jacques Cartier
 Covers the period of
Paleo-Indians,
thousand of years
ago to present days.

8. Indigenous People
 It was inhabited by
Indigenous people
with:
1. Distinct trade
network.
2. Spiritual beliefs
3. Style of social
organization.

9. French & British
Expedition (15th
century)
Explored, colonized and fight over
various places within North
America (Canada in this present
days)

10. 16th century
The name of Canada has been in
use since the founding of the French
colony of Canada in the 16th
century. The name originates from a
Saint-Lawrence Iroquoian word
kanata (or canada) for "settlement",
"village", or "land".

11. New France (Quebec)
 1608: Samuel de Champlain built the first
permanent French settlement in Quebec
 Population grew slowly
 Many people moved inland to trap animals—
hats made of beaver fur were in high
demand in Europe

12. Samuel de Champlain

13. New France (Quebec)
 European fur traders were joined by French
farmers, merchants, and missionaries from
the Catholic Church
 Brought with them French laws, traditions, &
religion
– France wouldn’t let anyone move to New France
who was not Catholic

15. The British in Canada…
 British colonized region south of New France
– success in fur trapping & wanted to take control of
the fur trade

16. French and
Indian War
(1754)
 1754: Led to the French
and Indian War where
Great Britain fought for
control of Canadian
territory & the fur trade
and conquered Quebec.
 Great Britain and Iroquois
Indians versus France
and Huron Indians.

17. Treaty of Paris (1763)
 Gave British control of all lands east of the
Mississippi River,
 British forced Nova Scotia’s French-speaking
people to leave
– Nova Scotia’s French went to another French
colony, Louisiana

19. Quebec Act--1774
 British allowed French
to stay in Quebec, but
continued to control the
region
 Quebec Act guaranteed
the French the right to
maintain their culture
(language, religion,
traditions)

20. Division of
Canada
1791
The province of Quebec
was divided into two.
1. Upper Canada
-Most English speaking
citizens lived in Upper
Canada (Ontario)
2.Lower Canada
-Most French speaking
citizens lived in Lower
Canada (Quebec)

21. War of 1812
 French and British worked together against
the US who tried to invade Canada
 War resulted in a draw, but it defined the US-
Canadian border & increased a sense of
Canadian nationalism

22. Province of Canada
 Canadians began to rebel against British
control
 Britain sent a government reformer to examine
the Canadian problem
 Result of the inquiry, Britain discovered an
economic need to unify the 2 Canadian
provinces
 1841—Upper & Lower Canada were united,
establishing the Province of Canada

23. British North America Act
(1867)
 1867: British North America Act: created
a federation union of Canada
 Joined four colonies (Quebec, Ontario, New
Brunswick, & Nova Scotia)
 4 colonies became Provinces joined by a
common written law (constitution).
- Britain accepted the agreement because they
were glad to be rid of the responsibility of
protecting the colonies (expensive)

25. Expanding Canada
 When Canada became a confederation in
1867, there were only 4 provinces
 Leaders desired to expand the new country
from the Atlantic to the Pacific
 Bought land from the Hudson’s Bay Company
 Thought the purchase would be a simple
process, but problems occurred with the native
peoples

26. Results of the British North
America Act
 Allowed each region to sell goods more
easily to one another
 Improved trade helped the economy
 Soon there was enough money to build a
railroad across the country
 1886: Transcontinental Railroad was built
& people could now easily travel from the
Atlantic Ocean to Pacific Ocean

27. 1931- Passing the Statue of
Westmonster
 This means that Canada
recognized as co-equal with United
Kingdom.

28. 1982
Known as Constitutional Act
of 1982
The constitution was patriated
full Canadian Sovereignty