systemic mycosis-coccidioidosis immitis

1. Systemic mycosis
M.VEERALAKSHMI,
M.SC MICROIOOGY
AYYA NADAR JANAKI
AMMAL COLLEGE
Department of Microbiology

2. Definition
• Systemic mycoses: fungal infections affecting
internal organs. In the right circumstances the
fungi enter the body via the lungs, through the gut
or skin,blood.
• It is a deep mycotic infection.
• It is in two types.
 Primary
 opportunistic

3. Primary Systemic Mycoses
• Coccidioidomycosis is an infection caused by the
dimorphic fungus called Coccidioidomycosis
immitis.
• The infection may be benign severe or even fatal.
• It is a endemic disease.
• The infection is caused through by inhalation of
dust.
• It is dimorphic fungus that lives in soil.
• The organism discovered in1892 in tissue.

4. Morphology
• This fungi is well grown in SDA agar.
• It produces a white, or grey and brownish
colour colonies.
• The arthroconidia in barrel shaped.
• Microscopically colonies are observed as hyaline
braching septate hyphae and arthroconidia.
• The fungi is infect a host , formed a spherules.
• It is thick walled in their structure.
• Size of spherules is 15 to 18 µm in diameter.

5. Cont…..
The spherules are filled with a few a several
100 endospores.
This endospores rupture the cell wall.
It is observed in tissues am may be appear
in sputum of patients and caavities in lungs.

6. Antigenic structure
Coccidioidin is a crude antigen.
It is extracted from mycelial culture.
Spherules are filter in the broth culture.
Spherulin is also extracted from this broth.
It is a one type of antigen.
Both antigens are positive to delayed in
skin reaction.
HS,F and HL- this are the exoantigen

7. Pathogenicity
Inhalation of arthroconidia is the primary
infection in this fungal infection.
The major causative site is Respiratory
Tract
The infectious cell wall has several
layers.they are,
Outer layer
Inner layer
Middle layer

8. Components of layers
 Outer layer:
 it is the original cell wall.
 Middle Layer:
 middle layer is called thin fibrous and
rodlets.
 Inner Layer And Outer Layer contains
mannon,protein and lipid.
Inner layer cntains chitin, 3-aminomethyl
mannose.

9. I. Inhalation of Endospores
II. engulfed by alvelor macrophages
III. kill the fungi
IV. macrophage get activation
V. incubation 10-16 days
VI. allergic reaction
steps of infection

10. Clinical manifestation (or) symptoms
• Fever
• Chest pain
• Cough
• Weight loss
• Skin and meninges.

12. Laboratory Diagnosis
• Specimen
• Exudates from cutaneous lesion
• Spinal fluid
• Urine
• Tissue biospy

14. Microscopy
• Clinical exudates should be examined I 10%
or 20% KOH or calcofluor white stains.
• Tissue specimen are stained with
haematoxylin and eosin.
• Microscopic for spherules and endospores.

15. Skin lesion by coccidioidomycosis

16. Culture
• Inoculate the specimen in the saourads agar.
• The medium plate containing antibiotics like
clindamycin and gentamycin.
• The medium incubate at 37˚c.
• When the plate is incubate at 40˚c with 20%
CO2.
• Immunodiffusion test demonstrates the
presence of specific antigen.

18. Epidemiology
• It is prevalent in alkaline soil , desert plans
and
Rodents.
• Coccdioidomycosis is considered as an
occuptional hazard for construction workers,
archeology students.

19. Treatment
• In severe condition require treatment
with amphotericin B.
• It is only intraveneously.

20. Medicine for this fungi

21. Life cycle of Coccidioidomycosis

23. Overview of Coccidioidomycosis