More Related Content Similar to Supelec m2m - iot - update 2013 - part 2 (20) More from Thierry Lestable (14) Supelec m2m - iot - update 2013 - part 21. From
Machine-to-Machine (M2M)
Communications
to
Internet of Things (IoT)
Introduction to M2M/IoT
Market
Technology Roadmap
& Standards
Part 2/3
Thierry Lestable (MS’97, Ph.D’03)
Technology & Innovation Manager, Sagemcom
2. Disclaimer
• Besides Sagemcom SAS’, many 3rd party
copyrighted material is reused within this
brief tutorial under the ‘fair use’ approach,
for sake of educational purpose only,
and very limited edition.
• As a consequence, the current slide set
presentation usage is restricted, and is
falling under usual copyright usage.
• Thanks for your understanding!
2
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
3. ToC – Part 1
• Market
• Internet of Things (IoT)
– RFID/QR codes/Augmented Reality/NFC
– Governance rules
• Architecture
• Capillary Networks & Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
– KNX/ISA-100/W-HART/Bluetooth/Zigbee/ANT+/WiFi
11ac/ad/Direct
– IPSO/6LoWPAN/ROLL
• Smart Home
– Z-wave/Wavenis
– DLNA/UPnP
– Management (BBF)
• WAN - LTE
3
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
4. ToC- Part 2
• WiFi/Cellular Convergence
• WiMAX – M2M
• Smart Grids
– Use cases/Features/Overview
– SGCG/M490
– SMCG/M441
– G3 PLC/PRIME
– Governance
• Smart Vehicles (ITS)
– DSRC/WAVE/802.11p
– EC Mandate/ETSI/ITS-G5
– Use cases/Features
• Cloud
– Gaming
– TV Connected
• Smart TVs
• Thin Clients/Stream boxes
• PVR
• Standardization & industry Alliances Part 3 (Final slot)
• Net neutrality
• Conclusions & Perspectives
– French Market
– Worldwide Forecast
4
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6. IoT – Commuting Time
ATAWADAC = Any Time Any Where Any Device Any Content
6
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7. Smart City
What we are looking for….ultimately…
Whilst avoiding ‘Big Brother’ & maintaining ‘Privacy’…
7
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9. Mobile traffic forecasts 2010-2020: Worlwide
Total mobile traffic
•As a conclusion, total worldwide mobile traffic will reach more than 127 EB
in 2020, representing an 33 times increase compared with 2010 figure.
Total mobile traffic (EB per year)
140.00
120.00
100.00
Yearly traffic in EB
Europe
80.00 Americas
Asia
60.00 Rest of the world
W orld
40.00
20.00
-
2010 2015 2020
Source: IDATE
9
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12. Id Tag B2C scenario example
12
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15. IoT, European Commission
• Need for Governance Actions
– Privacy & protection of personnal Data
– Trust, Acceptance & Security
– Standardization
Internet of Things
Internet of Things for People
15
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16. High Level (simplified) M2M
Architecture
Capillary
Network
Operator
platform
M2M
Gateway
Client
Application
16
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19. Home Network Convergence
Video Access Environme eHealth
Security Femtocell Screen Set Top Box HGW Meter Control nt Appliance Sensor
Sensor
BROADBAND HOME NETWORK SENSOR NETWORK
Quadruple Play Energy Managt, Home Control, eHealth
QoS / Plug and Play / Easy install / Security
Portable Applications
OSGI
TR69 TR69 / SNMP
DLNA
UPnP IP V6
IP V4 / V6 6LoWPAN / ZigBee
Ethernet, WiFi, Home Plug , USB, G.Hn
ZigBee, CPL, MBUS, X10
DECT, FXS, 3G/4G
19
© Thierry Lestable, 2011
23. Global Mobile Traffic
Exabytes (1018) per Month
10.8 EB
6.9 EB
4.2 EB
2.4 EB
1.3 EB 70%
0.6 EB
10.8 EB
6.9 EB
4.2 EB
2.4 EB
1.3 EB
0.6 EB
23
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24. LTE subscribers Forecast
(thousands) Worldwide
By 2015, Around 379 Million LTE subscribers
#1
24
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25. LTE Ecosystem is maturing fast!
Smart Phones
M-Tablets
DSL-Routers
+ USB Dongles + Netbooks, etc…
25
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27. LTE Devices Form Factor - 2012
November 2012
X3 increase in LTE devices in 1 year !
Manufacturers grew +73% during same period!
151 LTE Smart Phones: X 5 in 1 year!
LTE-enabled Tablets: more than doubled in 6 Months !
1800MHz band Most popular now!
Used in +37% networks deployed.
27
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
28. LTE Devices categories
@1800MHz
130 LTE User Devices @1800MHz
Router USB Dongle
Phone
Module
42 networks deployed @1800MHz,
22 more on-going Roll-outs
Ecosystem is mature enough to provide
such profile
29. LTE Parallel evolution path to
3G
DL: 21Mbps (64QAM)
DL: 28Mbps
[2x2 MIMO & 16QAM]
DC-HSPA + 64QAM
2x2 MIMO & 64QAM
29
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31. Main benefits from LTE
• Full Packet Switched (PS) no MSC • CSFB, SRVCC
• no RNC • Hotspot Offload
• Self-Organizing Networks (SON)
• DL: 150Mbps / UL: 50Mbps (2x2 MIMO) • Mobility up to 350Km/h
• BW up to 20MHz • Latency < 5ms
• Default Bearer & QoS • QoS & IMS | ICIC
• BW: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20MHz • GSMA (VoLTE), LSTI, NGMN, GCF, Femto Forum
• new Bands: 2.6GHz, 700/800 MHz (Digital Dividend)
31
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
34. Worldwide Mobile Broadband
Spectrum FDD: 2x70MHz FDD: 2x35MHz
TDD: 50MHz
FDD Hong-Kong
7 3
China Mobile
2600 1800
AWS TeliaSonera Genius Brand
Vodafone CSL Ltd
O2 …
Major TD-LTE Market
… (incl. India)
Verizon
metroPCS AT&T
21
NTT DoCoMo
1500
Refarming and Extensions are still to come…
Digital Dividend
Fragmentation & Harmonization of Spectrum
is a critical problem!
34
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
36. TD-LTE is gaining momentum
Strong Ecosystem growing fast…
TD-LTE is becoming a Technology of Highest interest
for Operators & Vendors
36
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37. Global UMTS Subscriber Growth
Forecast
HSPA+ will still play an active role
In near future, both as migration
and complementary to LTE.
3G will keep playing a Key role
In Future!
Multi-Radio chips (2G/3G/LTE)
37
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
38. 3GPP LTE System architecture
IMS: IP Multimedia Subsystem
PCRF: Policy, Charging Resource Function
UE: User Equipment
MME: Mobility Management Entity
S-GW: Serving Gateway
P-GW: Packet Gateway
HSS: Home Subcriber Server
EPC: Evolved Packet Core
EPS: Evolved Packet System = EPC + E-UTRAN
E-UTRAN: Evolved UTRAN
PMIP: Proxy Mobile IP
DHCP
LTE – Rel.8
38
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39. LTE Bearers
E-UTRAN EPC Internet
UE eNB S-GW P-GW Peer
Entity
End-to-end Service
EPS Bearer External Bearer
E-RAB S5/S8 Bearer
Radio Bearer S1 Bearer
Radio S1 S5/S8 Gi
40. QoS parameters & QoS Class
Id (QCI)
QCI Resource Priority Packet Packet Example Services
Type Delay Error Loss
Budget Rate
(NOTE 1) (NOTE 2)
1 2 100 ms -2 Conversational Voice
10
(NOTE 3)
2 4 150 ms -3 Conversational Video (Live Streaming)
10
(NOTE 3) GBR
3 3 50 ms 10
-3 Real Time Gaming VoLTE
(NOTE 3)
4 5 300 ms 10
-6 Non-Conversational Video (Buffered Streaming) (IMS)
(NOTE 3)
5 1 100 ms -6 IMS Signalling
10
(NOTE 3)
6 Video (Buffered Streaming)
(NOTE 4) 6 300 ms -6 TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file
10
sharing, progressive video, etc.)
7 Non-GBR Voice,
(NOTE 3) 7 100 ms -3 Video (Live Streaming)
10
Interactive Gaming Video
8
(NOTE 5) 8 Video (Buffered Streaming)
300 ms -6 TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file
10
9 9 sharing, progressive video, etc.)
(NOTE 6)
Source: 3GPP TS23.303
41. VoLTE (GSMA IR.92) Timeline
Early Adopters General Market
craft
revolution
2011: TRIALS 2011: CSFB
2012: COMMERCIAL 2012: TRIALS
SRVCC
2013: COMMERCIAL
« The need for 4G picocells and femtocells to enhance coverage
and boost capacity if one of the important principles for Verizon’s LTE Network. »
Tony Melone – Verizon Wireless CTO – Sept. 2009
41
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46. Verizon Wireless – LTE
Coverage Map (July 2012)
~230 Markets
200 Million POPs NOW! (2/3 coverage)
End of 2012: 400 Markets / 260 Million POPs
48. ATT Coverage map (Warning
4G = HSPA+)
~40 Markets
150 Million POPs by end 2012
National coverage by end 2013
49. AT&T
July 2012
Summer 2011
USB Dongle ‘Momentum 4G’ MiFi ‘Elevate 4G’
50. France
@2,6GHz
@800MHz
Authorized to ask for
Trials in 2012 Roaming @800MHz to SFR
Marseille Lyon
Commercial Launch in 2013
N.B: deployment @800MHz expected to be slow due to frequency plan from ANFR + potential issues with Digital TV
@2.6GHz, still issues with some RADARs
55. LTE Video – Number of Video
Streams Per sector (estimate) Source: Motorola
Cat.4 Terminal
DL: 150Mbps
UL: 50Mbps
56. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming
over HTTP (DASH)
3GPP Rel.10 (LTE-Advanced) & Beyond
Other HTTP-based Adaptive Streaming solutions
Adobe
Microsoft HTTP Apple
Silverlight Dynamic HTTP
Smooth Streaming Live
Streaming (HDS) Streaming
(MSS) (HLS)
56
59. Video Coding Standardization -
Timeline
HEVC (H265) Gain ~ 40% over H264
3GPP Rel.12 (March 2014)
Available for Smartphones & Tablets in 2013 (no TV!)
61. Network of Networks, Internet of Things (IoT)
Presented by Interdigital: Globecom’11 – IWM2M, Houston
61
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62. How to solve the Capacity
crunch?
• Capacity crunch is experienced due to following major factors:
– Increased data consumption from Smartphone device
applications
– Signaling traffic overhead genereted by Smartphones
• Unoptimized applications too frequent and useless polling
– Flat rate service plans
– situation can be critical for some operators.
– Need for flexible solutions = Sandbox !!
HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS is the solution = HetNets
62
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
63. Residential Macro Data Offload
Offload via WiFi and/or Femtocell
On average, more than 70% of traffic
can still be Offloaded !
63
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67. Femtocell ecosystem: 69 Technology
Providers
The ecosystem is now mature enough
4th IOT Plugfest in February 2012 67
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68. Femtocell market status
36 Commercial Deployments in 23 countries,
15 Roll-out commitments in 2012
68
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69. Femtocells Markets
Femtocells Competitive Markets
Femtocells AP Forecast - 2014
Source: Informa Telecoms & Media
69
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70. LTE Femto: HeNB
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
X2
X2
3GPP Rel.10
70
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74. Residential Macro Data Offload
Offload via WiFi and/or Femtocell
On average, more than 70% of traffic
can still be Offloaded !
74
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
75. Key Findings
Global Femtocell Survey
• Main driver for femtocells is in-building voice coverage – and is
Voice coverage main driver for consumer rating of mobile operator
• Voice service improvement alone could prevent 42% of
Churn Reduction consumers switching operator in the next 12 months
Wi-Fi • 83% of heavy Wi-Fi phone users find femtocells very/extremely
complementary appealing
Added-value • 68% of femtocell fans found at least one advanced femtocell
services service very/extremely appealing
75
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
79. Support for Self-Configuration &
Self-Optimization
• Self-Configuration
Process
– Basic Set-up
– Automatic Registration of
nodes in the system
– Initial Radio Configuration
• Self-Optimization Process
– Ue & eNB measurements
and performance
measurements are used to
auto-tune the network
79
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
82. LTE-Advanced: System
Performance Requirements
Support of Wider Bandwidth
Carrier Aggregation up to 100MHz
MIMO Techniques extension
DL: up to 8 layers
UL: up to 4 layers
Coordinated Multiple Point (CoMP)
(Rel.11)
Relaying
Un
Uu
L1 & L3 relaying
82
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
85. LIPA solution for HeNB using
Local PDN Connection
LIPA
MME
PCRF Rx
S10 S11
S1-MME
L- GW
Gx
L-S5
Other
IMS
HeNB S1-U SGW S5 PDN GW SGi Internet
Etc.
E-
UTRA- Local IP acc ess network elements
Uu
E-UTRAN network elements
EPC network elements
Packet data network (e.g. Internet,
E-UTRA UE Intranet, intra-operator IMS
provisioning)
85
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
86. LTE-Advanced: Selected IP
Traffic Offload (SIPTO)
SIPTO Traffic
CN
L-PGW
MME
RAN
S5
S11
S1-U S5
eNB S-GW P-GW
UE CN Traffic
86
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
87. LTE-Advanced: IP Flow Mobility
and Seamless Offload (IFOM)
• IP Flow Mobility and Seamless Offload
(IFOM) is used to carry (simultaneously)
some of UE’s traffic over WIFI to offload
Femto Access!
IETF RFC-5555, DSMIPv6
87
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91. MTC Scenarios
• MTC Device MTC server • MTC Device <--> MTC Device
(No Server in between!)
MTC MTC
API
Operator domain Server User
MTC
Device
MTC MTC MTC
Operator domain A Operator domain B
Device Device Device
MTC MTC MTC
Device Device Device
MTC MTC
Device
MTC
Device Device
MTC MTC
Device Device
Operator domain MTC
Server/
MTC
MTC User
Device
MTC
Device Still Not Considered in Rel.10!!
MTC
Device
MTC
Device
91
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
92. 3GPP MTC (High Level)
Architecture
MTCsms
MTC
3GPP
Server
PLMN -
MTCu 3GPP bearer services / MTC
MTC
Server
Device SMS / IMS IWK
Function
MTC
Server
MTCi
MTCu: It provides MTC Devices access to 3GPP network for the transport of user plane and control plane
traffic. MTCu interface could be based on Uu, Um, Ww and LTE-Uu interface.
MTCi: It is the reference point that MTC Server uses to connect the 3GPP network and thus
communicates with MTC Device via 3GPP bearer services/IMS. MTCi could be based on Gi, Sgi,
and Wi interface.
MTCsms: It is the reference point MTC Server uses to connect the 3GPP network and thus communicates
with MTC Device via 3GPP SMS.
92
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93. 3GPP MTC: Service Requirements
• Common Service REQ • Specific Service REQ (Features)
– Device Triggering – Low Mobility
– Addressing – Time Controlled
– Time Tolerant
Private Address Space Public Address Space – PS only
MTC MTC
– Small data Trx
MNO
Device Server – Mobile originated only
– Infrequent mobile Terminated
– Monitoring
– Identifiers – Priority alarm
– Charging – Secure Connection
– Security – Location Specific Trigger
– Remote Device Management – NW provided destination for UL
data
– Infrequent Trx
– Group based features
93
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94. 3GPP MTC: Service REQ
MTC Common Service REQ Details
Device Triggering MTC Device shall be able to receive trigger indications from the network and shall establish communication with
the MTC Server when receiving the trigger indication. Possible options may include:
-Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is offline.
-Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is online, but has no data connection established.
-Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is online and has a data connection established
Addressing MTC Server in a public address space can successfully send a mobile terminated message to the MTC Device
inside a private IP address space
Identifiers uniquely identify the ME, the MTC subscriber. Manage numbers & identifiers. Unique Group Id.
Charging Charging per MTC Device or MTC Group.
Security MTC optimizations shall not degrade security compared to non-MTC communications
Remote MTC Device The management of MTC Devices should be provided by existing mechanisms (e.g. OMA DM, TR-069)
Management
94
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95. 3GPP MTC: Features
MTC Feature Details
Low Mobility MNO change 1) Frequency of Mobility Mgt procedures, or per device, 2) Location updates performed by MTC
device
Time Controlled MTC Applications that can tolerate to send or receive data only during defined time intervals and avoid
unnecessary signalling outside these defined time intervals. Different charging can apply.
Time Tolerant MTC Devices that can delay their data transfer. The purpose of this functionality is to allow the network operator
to prevent MTC Devices that are Time Tolerant from accessing the network (e.g. in case of radio access network
overload)
Packet Switched (PS) only network operator shall be able to provide PS only subscriptions with or without assigning an MSISDN
Small Data Trx The system shall support transmissions of small amounts of data with minimal network impact (e.g. signalling
overhead, network resources, delay for reallocation)
Mobile originated only Reduce Frequency of Mobility Management Procedures (Signalling)
Infrequent Mobile Terminated MTC Device: mainly mobile originated communications Reduce Mobility Management Signalling
MTC Monitoring Detect unexpected behaviour, changes, and loss of connectivity (configurable by user) Warning to MTC
server (other actions configurable by user)
Priority Alarm Theft, vandalism, tampering Precedence over aby other MTC feature (MAX priority!)
Secure Connection Secure connection between MTC Device and MTC server even during Roaming.
Location Specific Trigger initiate a trigger to the MTC Devices based on area information provided to the network operator
Network Provided Destination MTC Applications that require all data from an MTC Device to be directed to a network provided destination IP
for Uplink Data address.
Infrequent Transmission The network shall establish resource only when transmission occurs
Group Based (GB) MTC 1 MTC device associated to 1 single MTC group. Combined QoS policy (GB policing): A maximum bit rate for
features the data that is sent/received by a MTC Group shall be enforced
GB addressing: mechanism to send a broadcast message to a MTC Group, e.g. to wake up the MTC Devices
that are members of that MTC Group
95
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96. M2M European R&D Innovation:
FP7 EXALTED
• EXpAnding LTE for Devices
96
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97. NGMN – LTE Backhaul
Source: Ericsson
Traffic Volume:
X2 ~ [ 4 - 10%] S1
IPSec +14%
GTP/MIP overhead ~10%
LTE Small Cells Deployment will change Rules for Backhaul Provisioning
Need for more Research
Architecture / PHY / Synchronization (e.g. PTP (1588), SyncE, Hybrid…)
97
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100. LTE Royalty Level: Need for Patent Pool
facilitation? LTE/SAE Declarations to ETSI by PO
4076 declarations (March 2011)
14.8%
Critical constraint
for Femtocells
is
COST EFFICIENCY!!
© 2011 Sisvel (www.sisvel.com)
100
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101. LTE & 4G patents
$12.5 billion
6000+ patents
24000+ patents
$4.5 billion
WHO’s NEXT?…
$2.6 billion
$340 Million $770 Million
Risk to ‘Kill’ the Business…
Especially in Vertical Markets!
101
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
102. Verizon LTE Innovation Center
LTE Connected Car Office in the Box Connected Home (incl. eHealth)
Bicycle LiveEdge.TV
102
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104. Fixed/Mobile Convergence
Source: BT Wholesale
It’s Mandatory to propose integrated Architectures
Taking advantage of Wireless/Wired systems
(e.g. 3G, LTE, WiFi, WiGig, DAS, RoF, PLC…)
104
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105. WBA – Roadmap
Small intelligent Cross-Cell (SiXC)™
105
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106. Hotspot 2.0 (HS2.0) - NGH
Enhancing WiFi to be more ‘Cellular’
Source: Cisco
106
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108. WiMAX community turns to M2M
• IEEE 802.16p • IEEE 802.16n
– Machine-to-Machine (M2M) (GRIDMAN)
– Approved: Sept. 2010 – Smart Grids
– Expiration: Dec. 2014 – Emergency, Public Safety!!
• Misleading title, stands for:
– Greater Reliability In
• URL: Disrupted Metroplotian
http://ieee802.org/16/m2 Area NW
m/index.html – Approved: June 2010
– Expiration: Dec. 2014
• URL:
http://wirelessman.org/gri
dman/index.html
108
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109. WiMAX based M2M Architecture
Classical WiMAX NW
109
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110. WiMAX M2M: Requirements &
Features
• Extremely Low Power Consumption
• High Reliability
• Enhanced Access Priority
– Alarms, Emergency calls etc…(Health, Public safety, Surveillance…)
• Extremely Large Numbers of Devices
• Addressing
• Group Control
• Security
• Small burst transmission
• Low/no mobility
• Time Controlled Operation (pre-defined scheduling)
• Time Tolerant operations
• One-Way Data traffic
• Extremely Low Latency (e.g. Emergency..)
• Extremely Long Range Access
• Infrequent traffic
Looks quite similar to 3GPP MTC…
110
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111. WiMAX M2M: Potential impacts
M2M Requirements & Potential Directions with impacts on Standard
Features
Low Power Consumption Idle/Sleep modes, Power savings in active mode. Link Adaptation, UL Power Ctrl,
Ctrl Signalling, Device Cooperation.
High Reliability Link Adaptation protocol with very robust MCS. Enhanced Interference Mitigation
procedures. Device Collaboration with redundant and/or alternate paths (e.g.
diversity)
Enhanced Access priority BW request protocol, NW entry/re-entry, ARQ/HARQ, frame structure
Transmission attemps Large Link Adaptation, ARQ/HARQ, frame structure, Ctrl signalling, NW entry/re-entry
Numbers of Devices
Group Control Group ID location, Ctrl signalling, paging, Sleep mode initiation, multi-cast operation,
BW request/allocation, connection Mgt protocols
Small burst transmission New QoS profiles, burst Mgt, SMS transmission mechanism, BW request/allocation
protocols, Channel Coding, frame structure. Low-overhead Ctrl signaling for Small
Data. Smaller resource unit!
Low/no mobility Mobility Mgt protocol. Signaling w.r.t Handover preparation & execution migt be
turned off. Idle mode. Measurements/feedback protocls, pilot structure.
Extremely Long Range access Low & roust modulation schemes, higher power transmission
Infrequent traffic Simplifications to Sleep/idle mode protocol
Keeping in Mind BACKWARD compatibility
111
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121. Smart Grid Value Chain: Actors & Roles
TSO: Transmission System Operator
GenCo: Generation Conmpany
DSO: Distribution System Operator
VPP: Virtual Power Plant
DG: Dispersed Generation
121
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123. EU Vs US
Smart Grid Strategy
EU US
Background: a fragmented electricity market Background: an aging power grid
Deregulation of electricity in some EC states Vision:
Vision: Smart meters and AMI are part of the
Start with a smart metering toolbox that allows to build a smart grid
infrastructure then extend to a smart grid infrastructure
network
Smart
Grids
Remote Meter Consumption
Management Awareness
Smart
Grids
Smart Smart Demand
Metering Home Response
AMI Distribution Electrical Wide Area …
Grid Transpor Situational
management tation Awareness
AMI: Advanced Metering Infrastructure
Need for a global (architecture) approach and for regional implementation
ETSI, as a global and EU based ICT standards organization, is ideally placed
123
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125. Automated Meter Management
(AMM)/Smart Meter benefits
Demand Side Well-
Well-functioning
Management and Automated Meter internal Market:
reduction of CO2: Management:
Better consumers
Reduction of peak load by
Data storage information
consumers information Events storage Better frequency and
Easier connection for Remotely managed quality of billing data
distributed generation Soft Assist the participation of
shedding systems consumers in the electricity
Better network observability supply market
Demand side management Reduction of operating Easier access to data (IS
and better fraud detection system costs: or TIC)
in small isolated system will Reduction of cost and
limit tariff compensation Reduction of reading and delay of interventions
interventions costs
Reduction of “non technical
losses”
Reduction of treatment of
billing claim
Easier quality of supply
management
No need of user presence to
do simple operations 125
© Thierry Lestable, 2011
126. Opportunity in Smart Meters:
Utopia or Reality?
© Frost & Sullivan
126
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128. European Commission: Mandate
M441 / Smart Meter
« The General objective of this mandate is to create
European standards that will enable interoperability of utility meters
(water, gas, electricity, heat), which can then improve the means by which
Customers’ awareness of actual consumption can be raised
in order to allow timely adaptation to their demands
(commonly referred to as ‘smart metering’) »
128
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130. Electricity Meters: French status
Multi-index
‘Blue’ Meter Electronic Meter
electromechanical Meter
16.5 Million meters Linky
7.5 Million meters
AMM
9 Million meters
33 millions meters, ¾ electromechanical
Only 7.5 millions meters of ERDF (French main DSO) are electronic.
Little or no communicating:
Each demand of cut, reactivation, tariff or power subscribed
modification needs a DSO intervention,
Only electronic meters have a “TIC” port transmitting metering
info.
At most two reading a year
Biannual reading by an operator needs, in 50% cases, user to be at
home.
Suppliers offers limited by access tariff structure
Suppliers can’t have their own peak, peak-off,… 130
© Thierry Lestable, 2011
131. Linky high level architecture & service
new TIC
Dry C. GPRS DSO
35M
meters
interoperability Euridis port interoperability
PLC 700k
concentrators
Users
Suppliers
ot n
ol
pr ope
oc AMM
limit
131
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132. Smart Metering (High level)
architecture
Wind Turbine Home displays
TV, Computer
Data Center
Solar Panel
In-Home
Energy
Display
Wan
Light Communication
Meters Coms
Appliances
Smart Smart
Temperature Breaker Valves Water Gas Smart Elec.
Gateway
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133. From To Smart
Smart Building
Home Energy
Collection
Unit
WAN: Wifi Ethernet GPRS WAN: Wifi Ethernet GPRS
www
LAN LAN
Front-end SAGEM
communication Communications
server
Energ
y
Load
Real Time ! boxes
management
Micro-
generation
Application Energy
server operator
ENERGY GATEWAY
AMR
Local
Display
133
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138. G3 PLC (OFDM)
OFDM System on CENELEC band A
Extension of initial G3 PLC is now available
G3 To cover higher CENELEC bands:
B/C/BC/D/BCD/BD : [98.4 – 146.8] KHz
30 kHz 90 kHz
Co-existence Tone notching for
S-FSK compatibility
•Transformer MV/LV traversal G1 G3
•Repeater capability
PHY Details
FEC: Reed-Solomon (RS) + CC
(+Repetition code for robust mode)
Modulation: DBPSK, DQPSK, (D8PSK)
Link Adaptation
CP-OFDM
Nfft = 256 IETF 6LoWPAN / LOAD Routing
~34Kbps MAC: IEEE 802.15.4
PHY: G3 PLC (OFDM) 138
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139. Need for Trust, Privacy & Security
Customer behaviour (privacy) can be easily Identified, classified, and exploited commercially
intrusive.
139
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141. Smart Vehicular
environments
From Connected Car
To
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
144. Smart Car: Entertainment
Kids VoD Music & Video
Streaming
News, social Net
Videos, music, sport
OS,
touchscreen user interface
Media players…
LTE radio
144
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147. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
Security & Safety
• Stolen vehicle tracking
• eCall Services
• Roadside Assistance
This market is expected to grow significantly thanks to country
specific regulation : in US with E911 & E912 directives (“GM Onstar”
standard launched in the Americas by GM and ChevyStar), in Brazil
with tracking device required in all new cars from mid2009; in Europe
with eCall from 2011: from 6M OBU in 2012 to 9M in 2013 (Movea).
Interests in
automotive market
Road Charge Insurance
• DSRC Module • Monitor leased & mortgaged vehicles
• GPS Tolling capabilities • Pay as you drive solutions with Crown
This market is expected to grow Telecom 24Horas in Brazil (VW), other in
significantly thanks to environmental France & Italy.
policies in developed countries (Toll
Collect in Germany, Czech Rep,
Kilometre Price in NL, Ecotaxe in Navigation & Driver Services
France) and to efficient toll collect • Dynamic Traffic Information
programs in emerging countries. • Route Calculation
• Real-time Alerts
Very fragmented market.
147
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148. Dedicated Short Range
Communications (DSRC)
Feature Europe North America Japan
Frequency Band 5.8GHz 915 MHz 5.9GHz 5.8GHz
Max Throughput DL: 0.5 DL/UL: 1
0.5 27
(Mbps) UL: 0.25 to 4
ARIB
STD
Standard CEN IEEE 802.11p/1609
T75 &
T88
CEN DSRC norms Year Topic
EN 12253 2004 L1 - PHY @ 5.8GHz
EN 12795 2003 L2 - Data Link Layer (DLL)
EN 12834 2003 L7 - Application Layer
EN 13372 2004 DSRC profiles for RTTT
EN ISO 14906 2004 Electronic Fee Collection
CEN DSRC is not sufficient for V2V and V2I communications!
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149. WAVE, DSRC & IEEE 802.11p
• WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular
Environments)
– Mode of operation used by IEEE 802.11 devices to
operate in the DSRC band
• DSRC (Dedicated Short Range
Communications)
– ASTM Standard E2213-03, based on IEEE 802.11a
– Name of the 5.9GHz band allocated for the ITS
communications
• IEEE 802.11p
– Based on ASTM Standard E2213-03
• DSRC Devices
149
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151. WAVE: Key components
• IEEE 1609
– P1609.1: Resource Manager
– P1609.2: Security Services for Applications &
Mgt Msgs
– P1609.3: Networking Services
– P1609.4: Multi-Channel Operations
151
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152. DSRC North America
• New DSRC (based on 802.11a)
OLD NEW
152
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157. New European Allocation & PHY: ITS-G5
Frequency Usage Regulation Harmonized
range standard
5 905 MHz to Future ITS ECC Decision [i.9] EN 302 571 [1]
5 925 MHz applications
5 875 MHz to ITS road safety ECC Decision [i.9],
5 905 MHz Commission Decision [i.13]
5 855 MHz to ITS non-safety ECC Recommendation [i.7]
5 875 MHz applications
Channel type Centre Channel Default data TX power TX power
5 470 MHz to RLAN (BRAN, ERC Decision [i.8] EN 301 893 [2] frequency spacing rate limit density limit
5 725 MHz WLAN) Commission Decisions [i.11] and [i.12] G5CC 5 900 MHz 10 MHz 6 Mbit/s 33 dBm EIRP 23 dBm/MHz
G5SC2 5 890 MHz 10 MHz 12 Mbit/s 23 dBm EIRP 13 dBm/MHz
G5SC1 5 880 MHz 10 MHz 6 Mbit/s 33 dBm EIRP 23 dBm/MHz
G5SC3 5 870 MHz 10 MHz 6 Mbit/s 23 dBm EIRP 13 dBm/MHz
G5SC4 5 860 MHz 10 MHz 6 Mbit/s 0 dBm EIRP -10 dBm/MHz
G5SC5 As required in several dependent on 30 dBm EIRP 17 dBm/MHz
[2] for the channel (DFS master)
band spacing
5 470 MHz to 23 dBm EIRP 10 dBm/MHz
5 725 MHz (DFS slave)
The physical layer of ITS-G5 shall be compliant with the profile of IEEE 802.11 –
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) PHY specification for the 5 GHz band
157
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158. V2V and V2R Communications
• Typical V2V • Typical V2R
applications applications
– Accidents – Road Works areas
– Congestions – Speed limits
– Blind spot warning – intersections
– Lane change
V2V: Vehicle-to-Vehicle
V2R: Vehicle-to-Roadside (infrastructure)
158
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159. ITS: Road Transport / Safety
• R2V communications
– Roadside equipment sends warning messages
– On board equipment receives these messages
– Driver is made aware well in advance and has more time to react
– Examples
• Road works areas, speed limits, dangerous curves, intersections
159
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160. ITS: Road Transport / Safety
• V2V communications
– Dedicated vehicles send warning messages to other road users
– On board equipment receives these messages
– Driver is made aware of such events and can react accordingly
– Examples
• Emergency services, traffic checks, dragnet controls
160
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161. ETSI ITS: Automotive Radar
• Anti-Collision radar
– blind spot warning, lane change, obstacles, parking
– EN 302 288 (24 GHz), EN 302 264 (79 GHz)
• Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
– define desired interval and maximum speed to follow traffic
– vehicle sets corresponding speed automatically
– increase of traffic fluidity, decrease of emissions and fuel
consumption
– EN 301 091 (77 GHz)
161
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162. ETSI ITS: Electronic Fee Collection
• Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC)
– 5,8 GHz frequency band mostly used
– Base Standards elaborated by CEN
• EN 12795, EN 12834, EN 13372
– Specifications for Conformance Testing elaborated by ETSI
• TS 102 486 standards family
• An envisaged component of the European Electronic
Toll Service (EETS)
• Alternative deployments possible, e.g.
– fees for ferries and tunnels
– parking fees
• Unique ID required
– service provider approach
162
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163. ETSI ITS: Road Transport
Traffic Management
• Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT)
– Navigation
– Traffic conditions
• avoiding congestions
• finding alternative routes
– Road conditions
• ice warnings
• floods
• Real Time Traffic Information (RTTI)
– RDS-TMC (Traffic Management Channel) for FM broadcast
– Transport Protocol Experts Group (TPEG) for DAB/DMB/DVB
• Future complementary deployments
– Vehicle-to-vehicle communications
• e.g. congestion messages delivered to broadcasters
– Roadside-to-vehicle communications
• e.g. ice sensors on bridges
163
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164. Railways & aeronautics
• Railways • Air-to-Air & Air-to-
– European Rail Traffic Ground
Management System communications &
(ERTMS) Navigation Systems
• GSM-R
• European Train Control
• Single European Sky
System (ETCS) – Moving Air Traffic Ctrl
Regulation to the European
– GSM-R Level
• Dedicated &
harmonized frequency • GSM & RLAN
band for Railways onboard
– LBS
– Passenger information
164
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