Fundamental Rights

Fundamental Rights
Fundamental Rights are those rights and freedoms of the people of India, which enjoy constitutional recognition and guarantee.
The Supreme Court of India and State High Courts have the power to enforce Fundamental Rights. Supreme court is the guardian
protector of fundamental rights.
 A very detailed Bill of Rights It is a very detailed and comprehensive Bill of Rights. It contains 24 Articles from 12 to 35. These
describe in detail the fundamental rights of the people of India.
 People enjoy only the rights given in the Constitution. The Constitution of India does not give any recognition to natural or un–
granted rights People of India enjoy only those fundamental rights.
 Special Rights for the Minorities. The India bill of Rights ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(ii) Freedom of assembly (iii) Freedom to form associations. (iv) Freedom of movement (v) Freedom to reside and settle (VI)
Freedom of profession, occupation, trade or business.
 The Right to Freedom, like the right to equality is also not absolute. It is also subject to reasonable limitations. These freedoms
have to be used without any violation of public order, public health, morality and security of state. Further, in respect of freedom of
profession, trade, and business, the state can prescribe professional or technical qualifications. The State can also nationalize any
industry or business.
 Protection against Arbitrary conviction (Art. 20). The constitution provides protection against arbitrary conviction in cases of
offences committed by a person. It lays down that: No person canbe punished except for a violation of law. No person can be
subjected to a punishment greater than the one prescribed by law. For one crime one punishment can be given. No person accused
of any offence can be forced to give evidence against him.
 Protection of Life and Liberty (Art. 21). It grants protection to the lifeand liberty of citizens as well as non–citizens. It says, "No
person can be deprive of his life and liberty except according to the procedure established by law."
 Protection against Arrest and Detention (Art. 22). The Constitution also provides protection against arbitrary arrest and
detention. Any person arrested by the police enjoys certain protections. He has
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Analisis Fundamental
BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1. Latar Belakang Untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan suatu perusahaan dapat dilihat dari nilai buku
(book value), nilai pasar (market value), dan nilai intrinsik (intrinsic value) perusahaan tersebut. Nilai buku merupakan nilai saham
menurut pembukuan perusahaan emiten. Nilai pasar merupakan nilai saham di pasar saham dan nilai intrinsik merupakan nilai
sebenarnya dari saham. Ketiga konsep ini dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui saham – saham mana yang mengalami pertumbuhan
(growth) dan yang murah (undervalued). Pertumbuhan perusahaan (growth) menunjukkan Investment Opportunity Set (IOS) atau
set kesempatan investasi di masa datang. Menegetahui nilai pasar dan nilai intrinsik juga dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui saham
– ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Akibatnya nilai tukar Yen terhadap Dollar AS menguat. 4. Employment Employment adalah suatu indikator yang dapat
memberikan gambaran tentang kondisi riil berbagai sektor ekonomi. Indikator mengenai tingkat kesempatan kerja ini dapat
dijadikan sebagai alat untuk menganalisis sehat atau tidaknya perekonomian suatu negara. Apabila perekonomian berada dalam
keadaan full capacity / kapasitas penuh maka akan tercapai full employment. Jika keadaan sebaliknya, maka tingkat pengangguran
pun akan meningkat. Tingkat employment adalah indikator ekonomi yang sangat penting bagi pasar keuangan pada umumnya dan
pasar valuta asing khususnya. Faktor Politik Faktor Politik merupakan salah satu indikator untuk memprediksi pergerakan nilai
tukar. Perkembangan politik berdampak pada pergerakan nilai tukar, namun terkadang tidak membawa dampak apapun terhadap
pergerakan nilai tukar. Contoh: gejolak politik yang terjadi di Indonesia pada pasca pergantian kepemimpinan nasional dari masa
pemerintah Orde Baru sampai ke Orde Reformasi menimbulkan fluktuasi nilai tukar Rupiah terhadap Dollar AS yang sangat
signifikan. Namun, isu politik tidak selalu mempengaruhi fluktuasi nilai tukar, seperti dalam kasus Presiden Amerika Serikat, Bill
Clinton dan Monica Lewinsky pada tahun 1998 yang tidak serta merta membawa dampak terhadap perubahan nilai tukar

Fundamentals of Research Methodology
Fundamentals of Research Methodology Paper
Psychology is a discipline which seeks to study the thoughts and actions of men in a scientific way. Science is a marvelous
development in the history of human thought. The American Heritage Dictionary defines psychology as the science dealing with
the mind, mental and emotional processes, and the science of human behavior. It defines science as systemized knowledge derived
from observations and study. Scientific study is a way of understanding life and developing theories based on what is observed
(Simonton, 2009). Psychologists develop theories and conduct psychological research to answer questions about behavior and
mental processes that impact individuals and society. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although quantitative research is an integral part of doing research; qualitative research explores the processes that underlie human
behavior using interviews, surveys, case studies, and other personal techniques (Salkind, 2009). Its general purpose is to examine
human behavior in the social, cultural, and political contexts in which they occur. Qualitative research can be powerful and
appropriate non–experimental way to explore an academic question rigorously, as when additional context is needed to explain
phenomenon missed by quantitative research methods. When properly performed, qualitative research projects add to the body of
knowledge on their subjects and make the researcher well informed (Salkind, 2009).
Qualitative research deals with descriptions and data that can be observed, but not measured. It explores items such as textures,
colors, smells, tastes, and appearances and is obsessed with the quality of the item. Its goal is to describe the meaning, rather than
drawing statistical inferences. What these experiments lose in reliability, they gain in terms of validity; providing a more in–depth
and rich description. Quantitative research deals with numbers and data that can be measured. The length, height, speed, time,
humidity, cost, age, weight, area and volume are the items quantitative research methods deal with. The quantity of the item is

Fundamentals Of Nursing
. Nurses save and improve lives as front–line members of the health care delivery team.
A. Nurses independently assess and monitor patients by 1. Taking a holistic approach to patients. 2. Determine what patients need
to attain focused on their care. 3. Obtaining optimal health and preserving quality of life.
B. Nurses develop a plan of care that focuses on treating illness to improve quality of life by working collaboratively with
1. Physicians and therapists
2. The patient, the patient's family and other team members.
C. The aim of nursing is for its professionals to ensure quality care for all, while maintaining
1. Their credentials.
2. Code of ethics.
3. Standards, and competencies.
4. Continuing their education. (Transition: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But with the proper skills and instructions, a great collaboration can be done. Not all excellent managers are good leaders. As a
nurse leader you are an example to others. The example may be either a positive one or negative one. It is important to act with
integrity, to set realistic goals, to communicate clearly and often, to often encourage others, to recognize the successes of your
team members, and to inspire them to offer the great

Notes On Fundamentals And Fundamentals
Complete Name: Unit 4 Student Name: Evans, Renee Antionette
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1. FUNDAMENTALS & STOCKS
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2. Investing Fundamentals First Budget: Investing in Stocks:
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3. The Garners ' take–home pay is over $4,500 a month. Yet, after all expenses are paid, there is only a $220 surplus each month.
Based on the information presented in this case, what expenses, if any, seem out of line and could be reduced to increase the
surplus at the end of each month? Student Answer: Based on the information presented in this case, the expenses that seem out of
line and could be reduced to increase the surplus at the end of each month are:1. Gifts and donations2. family clothing allowance?
Correct Answer: n/a
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4. Given that both Joe and Mary Garner are in their mid–30s and want to retire when they reach age 65, what type of investment
goals would be most appropriate for them? Student Answer: I believe that they should come up with reasonable goals such as:
`The level one Investments` I strongly believe that they should play it safe starting out and as they receive

Environmental Fundamentals
Tara Howe
ENV/100
Tolulope Awosika
March 4th, 2013
In the year 1800 the human population on earth reached 1 billion. In 200 years, the population soared to 6 billion (Berg & Hager,
Chapter 1, 2009). With industrialization and technologies developed in those 200 years, humans have been depleting the earth's
natural resources at an alarming rate. Environmental science is the branch of science concerned with the physical, chemical, and
biological conditions of the environment and their effect on organisms ("Dictionary.com", 2013). Knowing and understanding the
environment and what can be done to sustain it will help humans survive on this planet ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The trees are used for human consumption such as housing and wooden wears. The space created is used for some human activity
such as housing or farming. By cutting down mass quantities of tress, humans are lessening their available oxygen supply. Air
quality goes down when the oxygen supply decreases. Also, by cutting down many trees in one area, whole ecosystems are being
whipped out. Many animals, insects, and other creatures are losing their homes and cannot survive in other areas. These creatures
could benefit the human race by being a key to unlocking cures for diseases but these discoveries will never be made because the
homes of these creatures are being destroyed. By clear–cutting whole ecosystems, humans are destroying some of the diversity on
earth.
In 200 years the world population jumped from 1 billion to 6 billion. It is now 2013 and the population has reached another billion
in just 13 years. At this rate of population growth, the earth will not be able to sustain life indefinitely without human research and
technology. Consumption needs to level off and so does the population. Some of the burden to provide for humans needs to be
taken off the earth. Environmental science and modern technology can be used to go above and beyond what we need to, as a race,
if only we try.
References
Berg, L.R., & Hager, M.C. (2009). Visualizing Environmental Science

Four Fundamental Forces Of Physiscs: A Simple Explanation
The Four Fundamental Forces Of Physiscs; A Simple Explanation.
The four fundamental forces are both the strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism and gravity. All four forces have been
theorized and deconstructed down to the subatomic level. All four forces of physics are interrelated and are theorized
mathematically to be the building blocks of the universe.
Every object that we see in the world is composed of atoms. Before discussing the four forces of physics you must first understand
the construct of an atom. An atom is composed of a proton which contains a positive charge and a neutron which contains a
negative charge forming a nuclei. The nuclei is orbited by a swarm of particles called electrons. Visualize a swarm of moths on a
warm summer evening circling a porch light at ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Protons within the nuclei contain a positive electrical charge and tend to repel one another. The strong force serves as a bonding
agent between the protons and neutrons fastening them to the nuclei – negative charged electrons encircle the nuclei in orbital
waves forming the anatomy of an atom. The strong force is literally the glue that holds it all together and maintains the stability of
the atom.
The weak force is the opposite of the strong force. Whereas the strong force holds things together the weak force allows for decay.
It is believed that the weak force is responsible for nuclear fission and fusion – changes within the nuclei that create energy.
Physicists theorize that the weak nuclear force is responsible for the natural energy (radiation) in the cosmos that powers stars
including our own sun. It is also believed that the weak force is responsible for the elements necessary to create astronomical
bodies and life on earth.
The third fundamental force of nature is electromagnetism. It is the observed interdependent relationship between magnetism and
electricity at the subatomic

Fundamental Interpersonal Theory: Expressed Deprivation
FIRO–B
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVE Interpersonal relations are associations, connections, between few people. The association may be based on regular
interactions, love, relationships, in a relationship people try to influence one another share their emotions and engage in different
activities.
Fundamental interpersonal relations orientation is a theory of interpersonal behavior and relations introduced by Schutz in 1958.
The interpersonal theory is based on belief that when group of people get together, mainly there are three needs they are looking to
obtain openness, control, and inclusion. Schutz has made an instrument which measures six scales of nine items questions called
FIRO–B. This method as created to measure how group of people feel when it comes to inclusion(i) participation, recognition, and
belonging. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Expressed Behaviour is related to how comfortable we feel about exhibiting behaviour toward other people. Wanted behaviour, on
the other hand, is related to the level we want other people to exhibit behaviour toward us
Based on the scores of the subject, we can understand their behavioural patterns and categorized them as follows:
Expressed Inclusion (eI)
This score dictates the level to which subjects make an effort to include others in their activities, as well as the extent that they
work to get others to include in their events. The higher the score, the more likely they are to want to engage socially and join a
larger amount of social groups.
Wanted Inclusion (wI)
This score will show you the extent that you want others to include you in their activities (without you instigating it), and your
need to belong. The higher the score, the more likely subject are to want to be invited to social gatherings and social groups.
Unlike Expressed Inclusion, this doesn't mean the subject will necessarily initiate the request, but they do want to be invited and

Fundamentals of Research Methodology
Fundamentals of Research Methodology Monique Vann PSYCH 540 March 24, 2013 Jeanne Henry, Ph.D. Fundamentals of
Research Methodology This paper will explore the fundamentals of research methodology in the Psychology field and discuss the
importance of psychology. The answers to these questions are the basis for the theories that led to research. Research is the
groundwork performed by Psychologists in order to answer questions about behavior and the mind. The outcome of the research
will offer a clear picture of why an individual act the way he or she does. In the Psychology field, data is gathered to conduct the
research and produce an outcome. This is a time–consuming process but without it there would be many of unanswered ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Quantitative data collected can be used to graph or construct a table of the results. The Qualitative data is the more
complicated of the two data's because it is descriptive but both are equally important. Scientific Theory Construction and Testing
Testing is conducted and hypothesis is formed in order to reach an outcome. Clearly to understand scientific theory, the word "has"
to first be defined. Scientific theory is based on scientific observations are hypothesized and retested until it is proven to be valid,
and there is not evidence to disprove it. The variables are taken into consideration when creating a theory. Intervening variables is
important when developing theories because the ideas allow the researchers to explain the relationship between independent and
dependent variables. If the test is inaccurate and the hypothesis proves to be false, the testing process will be repeated and once
accurate a theory is formed. Research is a trial and error process. The Scientific Theory Construction and Testing is an important
research process. The first step is to introduce the theory. The second step is to develop a hypothesis used to explain the theory.
The third step to conduct an experiment used to approve or disprove the hypothesis. Once the process is confirmed and hypothesis
is proved to be valid, a theory is formed. Researchers evaluate theories by judging the

The Fundamental Rights Of The Indian Constitution
INTRODUCTION The fundamental rights were preserved in Part III of the Indian Constitution. It guarantees the following rights
and freedoms. 1. Right to equality; 2. Right to freedom; 3. Protection in respect of ,conviction for offences; 4. Protection of life
and personal liberty; 5. Right to education; 6. Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases; 7. Right against exploitation;
8. Right to freedom of religion; 9. Cultural and education rights; 10. Right to constitutional remedies. The terms "fundamental
rights" have not been defined in the Constitution. Article 12 imposes duty on the state to protect citizens for enjoying the
Fundamental Rights. Each article has a distinct, important and valuable fundamental right empowering the citizens. These rights
primarily aimed at assuring political freedom to the citizens by protecting them against excessive State action. They are given a
pride of place in the Constitution by the Drafting Committee. Directive Principles were enumerated in Part IV of the Constitution.
Due to the judicial enforceability of FR and its nature being negative obligation of the state, many a times there has been a contrast
between part III and part IV i.e. between fundamental rights and directive principles, despite being a part of the same constitution.
The Fundamental Rights are enforceable. Whereas the directives are non ¬justifiable and are more in the nature of positive
affirmations of the state. However in recent time, some of the

The Fundamentals Of Caregiving
In the story, The Fundamentals of Caregiving, a man named Ben narrates the story of the training he underwent to become a
caregiver. His first potential client was Trevor Conklin, who was a nineteen year old with either MS or ALS, and he had to be in a
wheelchair forever. Trevor's mom, Elsa, met Ben, who got the job. As he met Trevor, he was very shy until his mother said that he
likes girls. After Trevor was diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, his father left him. Ben discusses how Trev was in his
little bubble not taking risks and only maintaining a simple routine of eating waffles and watching the weather channel for 3 hours
a day. Later in the story, Forest, Ben's best friend, invites him to the bar to hang out. Everyone in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
After this, the book goes back to a time where Piper got lost as they were watching a show and Ben and Janette were looking for
them, going from store to store and even the police station which was another one of Ben's screw ups. They are on the road now
and the Skylark comes by and then all of them took a break and so did the Skylark a few hundred feet away. He runs up to the
Skylark and found out that it was Dot's father. He thought that some pervert just picked her up. Finally Peaches gives birth to a
beautiful baby boy named Elton. As they went to the next diner, Dot realizes that Ben talked to her father and she was not very
happy. She makes him come into the restaurant and they had a great conversation and in the end, Trev kisses Dot and then Dot
leaves with her father. Ben and Trev find Bob stuck in the couch because he was trying to fold it into a bed. Ben, Bob, and Trev go
on the road trip and see the biggest pit. Ben and Trev meet up with Janette and ben sees her car sitting in the parking lot. He goes
into the car and gives her the divorce papers and they talk about life and how everything is

The Fundamental Principles Of A Republic
In June of 1915, the United States is fighting World War One in Europe, while women, including Anna Howard Shaw, continue to
fight for suffrage rights at home. As the war rages on, women commit to their suffrage movements by giving speeches and
marching in parades. On June 21, Shaw persuasively speaks to the people of New York at an equal suffrage campaign as they
prepare to vote on a law concerning women's suffrage rights. She intends to give evidence to her listeners and persuade them to
support the women of New York and eventually all of the women in America, to vote. Shaw uses "The Fundamental Principles of a
Republic" to prove the true purpose of the women 's suffrage movement, expose the illogical arguments of her opposition, and to
convince all of her listeners (the male voters of New York) to vote for women's right to vote through logical and rational
arguments. In Shaw's speech, she questions America's identity as a true republic because of the inability to escape the past
conceptions of woman's place in society, and she uses logic to argue the necessity of moving forward to create equality for all
types of people, regardless of gender or race. She claims that all people should be equal in a republic. Therefore, America is only
partially a republic because women are not given the same rights as men nor the right to vote. Although she belittles the character
of the founding fathers "who succumbed to the same sort of prejudices that had driven them from

Is fundamental analysis redundant in the period straight...
Content
1. Introduction.............................................................................................. 2
2. Theory Assumption & methodology..................................................... 2 2.1
Theory.................................................................................................2 2.2 Cash flow
model................................................................................2 2.3 Qualitative factors.............................................................................2
2.4 Quantitative factors..........................................................................3 2.5 financial
statement...........................................................................3
3. Application .............................................................................................. 5 3.1 Dow Jones
...................................................................................... 5 3.2 Company– Berkshire Hathaway INC........................................... 6 3.2.1
Total assets turnover ratio..................................................... .7 3.2.2 Return on equity (ROE)........................................................ 7
3.2.3 P/E ratio................................................................................... 7 3.2.4 P/B ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although qualitative analysis is used for physical areas, with the usage to tackle non–financial information, it can be widely useful
in business and finance fields.(kesh and Raja 2005, 167) The qualitative analysis of the company level is concerned with products
and services, competitive advantage, management efficiency, corporate culture. Advanced products can get increasing cash inflows
and improve company value (Carter and Demissew 2008, 63) because booming demand for products and services can lead to a
high reinvestment rate of the company, this creates additional wealth.( Madden 2007, 125) Competitive advantage can includes
producing capacity and the efficiency of a company's design and cost controlling better than the industry's competitors. Generating
a competitive advantage for a company will creates stakeholder value. (Vilanova, Lozano and Arenas 2009, 63) The improvement
of management efficiency can lower operating costs and company culture can enhance corporate image, leading to improvement of
company value.
Quantitative factors
The quantitative factors in fundamental analysis are based on a deep understanding of financial reports which is the process of
identifying opportunities and threats from the company, so investors must be concerned with the balance sheet, cash flow
statement and income statement analysis. Financial statements consist of all important historical information about the company's
operation management during a specific time period

Eu and the Fundamental Rights..
The European Community (EC) has expressed through treaty provision and case law that the protection of the fundamental rights
of EC citizens is vitally important. However, the EC itself is not currently bound to a set of agreed fundamental rights. For years,
the European Court of Justice (ECJ) has respected and protected fundamental rights by considering the position of state
constitutions and the terms of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Yet, the ECJ is not bound to follow these. It is
not bound to the ECHR, as it is not a signatory.
In 1999, when the member states of the EC also drew up the European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights as part of the new
constitution. However the documents have not been formally ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But, given the ECJ's long–standing use of the ECHR, the Charter will have a weaker influence.
With the current political situation with regard to the Charter it is unlikely that it will be given legal effect in their current state and
the ECJ may feel reluctant to use the Charter should it give effect to rights that may later be left out of the final document.
Furthermore, giving the EC and the ECJ more power in more areas is an idea that many member states are sceptical of, and this
may delay and even prevent the legal status of the treaty from ever becoming. Given all these facts it is therefore fair to assume the
Charter is currently an unnecessary document.
The introduction of the Charter does however raise questions of how the relationships of the Luxembourg and Strasbourg courts
may be affected. The current position of the courts, as described by academic, S Douglas Scott , is "a symbiotic
interaction...working out a solution to the sometimes awkward co–existence of the EU and ECHR". The ECJ and Strasbourg courts
make reference to the others law but on a limited basis as to avoid conflict.
As has already been seen, the ECJ frequently examines the terms and protections of the ECHR when considering issues of
fundamental rights in cases before it. As for the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg, it has previously had little to do
with the ECJ, especially due to its more specific nature. However, with the influx

Fundamentals of Managment
Fundamentals of Management
Final Paper
Amazon is an online retailer that is very familiar in many homes all around the world. I personally love shopping on amazon,
because I can find almost anything I need electronically, books, now even furniture. I got my first real experience with amazon
when I wanted to upgrade my cell phone, but even my cell phone carrier wanted a ridiculous amount for the phone I wanted. Even
though I have been a customer for years the (SPRINT) wouldn't budge on the price. So after a little shopping around, even looked
at rival carriers with thoughts of possibly switching, I came across the same phone on amazon. I did a few price matching but the
deal amazon had been unbeatable. Now the phone was 300 dollars ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Not only that he had to have the behind the since part of the business running tip top in order for the orders to go through. Then
there was the part of getting the product to the consumer, which is the picking packing and shipping end of the transaction.
As a leader I feel that Jeff Bezos is an exceptional leader and role model for anyone who is on the rise of starting their own
business. Jeff Bezos used innovation to create his brand and to improve what he already started. He took his idea and makes them
into a successful company. He worked with people and collaborated to aide in the design of this company. When completion arises,
like overstock or now the retail stores like Walmart and Macy having online shopping, he upgraded his line of merchandise to
satisfy and attract customers. How Bezos was able to control the business from getting push out by competitors was by doing some
acquisitions with the big names. Barnes and noble and Borders combines could not touch the sells of amazon, so borders asked if
amazon could handle all of there internet orders ("Jeff Bezos–Academy of achievement" 2014). In that last few year he introduced
a tablet called the Kindle. The kindle is a small tablet that at first was created to read books and to be able to order directly from
amazon. With tablets gaining popularity like the iPad from apple and the Android tablets by many other competitors, amazon up
graded there Kindle in to the Kindle fire, which now is also a

Fundamental Attribution Error
In the ways of the world it is easier to make assessments about people or objects based on a quick observation. For instance,
almost everyone has heard the clique saying "Don't judge a book by its cover." This is a perfect scenario where looking at just what
is holding the book together a decision is made on whether the book will be picked to read. In the same ways individuals tend to
judge each other. Unfortunately, when quick judgments are snapped about a person or object the observer is missing out a bigger
picture. This is defined as the fundamental attribution error. For example, a person kicking a vending machine over and over may
not have an anger management problem. Although, the observer may make this assumption as they walk by not ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
As referenced by Nurit & Papirman (2007), the earliest research on the fundamental attribution error was conducted by Jones and
Harris in 1967. The researchers designed three experiments to determine whether or not an individual would take the situation into
account over there disposition. A sample of individuals were told there were going to read over a pro– Fidel Castro essay or an
anti–Fidel Castro essay. Next, the participants were told there were two groups. One group was able to write freely and the other
group was being assigned their position. Given these points, the readers of the essay were than told to rate the attitudes of the
writer and determine their position. The results showed that no matter if the writer was truthfully pro or anti–Castro, the reader still
recorded that the writer had strong emotion in their position. In other words, this proved that the readers overlooked the prior
knowledge they had and just simply assessed the rating on what they had in front of them. Committing this error is not a mistake
it's simply an outcome of natural

Fundamentals of Law
Table of Contents
Question 1 1 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Offer 2 1.3 Counter offer 4 1.4 Option contract 4 1.5 Acceptance 5 1.6 Postal Rule 5 Question
2:. 7 2.1 What is Judicial Precedent? 7 2.2 Hierarchy of Precedents 8 2.3 Limitations and Types of Judicial Precedent 9 2.4
Advantages and Disadvantages of Judicial Precedent 10 2.5 Contributions of Judicial Precedent 12 3.0 References 14
Question 1
On 13 September, Fiona, a newly qualified dentist, receives the following note from her uncle:
10 Park Street
Nilai
71800 Negeri Sembilan
Malaysia
Dear Fiona
We talked some time ago about your buying some of my dental equipment when I retire from my practice at the end of this month.
I am prepared to let ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the other side, Mrs Carlill bought one of the balls and used it in the manner specified, yet still managed to get influenza. When
she asked for the reward the Carbolic Company claimed that there was no enforceable contract between it and the user of the
smoke ball on the grounds that there was no acceptance of the offer, because Mrs Carlill had never notified the Company that she
accepted its offer, nor furnished any consideration. The court held that in unilateral offers, the advertisement is an offer which was
accepted by Mrs Carlill. The courts also looked at the parties intention, such as the fact that 1000 pounds were deposited in the
Bank showed a genuine intention to create a legal relationship. There was consideration furnished by Mrs Carlill when she
purchased the smoke balls. Hence there was a binding contract.
The second type of offer is bilateral which is an agreement in which both parties make a promise or promises to the other party.
For example A offers to sell his motorcycle to B for RM2500 . B accepts the offer by promising to pay A.
Offer can be made by using 2 methods which according to section 9 Contracts Act 1950 are by expressly such as in writing and
impliedly such as by conduct or orally.
On the other hand, invitation to treat is an action by one party which may appear to be a contractual offer but which is

The Fundamentals of Merchandising
The Principles of Merchandising
The past decade has witnessed sea change in the world of retail, of which increasing competition is just one aspect. New and
emerging technologies and customers fragmentation has made it even more difficult for retailers to retain consumers who are loyal
to their stores. Walters and Hanharan have identified four key elements of the strategic direction that are retailer may take, they
are: * Merchandise strategy; * Communications strategy; * Customer service strategy; and * Format and environment strategy.
Among all the elements of retail strategy, that of merchandising is becoming increasingly important, eventually determining the
loyalty that a customer may have for a retail store. Over ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The structure of the merchandising department largely depends on the organizational structure adopted by that particular retail
organization. Many organizations may also have a position known as a Purchase Agent. Purchase Agent and Buyers commonly
focus on routine purchasing tasks, often specializing in a commodity or a group of related commodities, such as steel, cotton,
grains, fabricated metal products, or petroleum products. Purchase Agents usually track market conditions, price trends, or futures
markets.
The Merchandiser, on the other hand, is responsible for particular lines of merchandise. For example, in a departmental store, there
may be merchandisers for menswear, women swear, children's wear, etc. The basic duties of the merchandiser can be divided into
four areas: planning, directing, coordinating and controlling as follows: 1. Planning. Though merchandisers may not be directly
involved in the actual purchase of merchandise, they formulate the policies for areas in which they are responsible. These include
forecasting sales for the forthcoming budget period, which further involves estimating consumer demand and the impact of
changes in the retail environment. These sales forecasts are then translated into budgets to help the buyers to work within the
financial guidelines. 2. Directing. Guiding and training buyers as and when the need arises is also a function of the merchandiser.
Many a times, buyers

What Are A Public Firm 's Fundamental Attributes?
Section I
1. Precisely define fundamental analysis. What are a public firm's fundamental attributes? Explain specifically and precisely why
fundamental analysis might fail to work as an investment analysis technique in an efficient capital market.
Fundamental Analysis identifies undervalued or overvalued stocks based on publicly available financial information. It is the
examination of the underlying forces that affect the well being of the economy, industry groups, and companies. Its goal is to
derive a forecast and profit from future price movements.
The fundamental attributes of a public firm are
To maximize the stock price value
Monitor and discipline of board of directors
charter provisions and bylaws that affect the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even if the information and value estimates are correct, the falling stock price may pose as a threat.
For the above reasons one should not take fundamental analysis for granted.
.
2. Discuss the tulip bulb craze and the ZZZZ Best bubble. What does Malkiel believe they illustrate? What does Malkiel believe
the best investment strategy is? Why? What does this say about the stock price performance of an individual firm?
Tulip–bulb Craze
In 1593, a new botany professor bought non fatal virus known as mosaic from Vienna. This caused colored stripes and flames to
appear in the tulip plant. This lead to increase in the tulip bulb prices as people looked at them as smart investment. In addition
price kept on increasing and most of the people decided to sell their own bulbs. Bulb deflation took place rapidly thus dealers went
bankrupt and they refused to buy more bulbs.
ZZZZ Best
ZZZZ Best was a carpet cleaning company, owned by Barry Minkow in the 1980s. It went public in Dec 1986 and reached a
market capitalization of more than US$200 million. Forgery and theft took place in the company which affected the growth of the
company in the form of unknown credit card charges and bad contracts. Minkow faced fraud charges and was sentenced to 25
years in prison. Out of 25 years he served only 7 years in prison. He had unique skills as a communicator and he blurted out how
he got away with fraud. This case was famous for its redemption and inspiration. He

Fundamental Analysis Of Carnarvon
Fundamental and enhancing guidelines There are 2 fundamental qualitative and 4 enhancing qualitative characteristics
(https://www.iasplus.com/en/standards/other/framework). These are relevance and faithful representation as former group and
comparability, verifiability, timeliness, and understandability for the latter group. This report already covered a part of Carnarvon's
assets– oil and gas related assets. These assets, however, make up roughly 47% of total assets. The other half, or 53%, is in current
assets. These characteristics apply to each asset category, as well as Annual Report combined with ASX announcements, CEO
announcements, and quarterly reports as a whole. Considering these parts as a one coherent information pack given to

Fundamental Determinants
Rachna Foundation
[RACHNA ON THE CROSSROADS] Rachna Foundation is in a turbulent phase with greater than expected influx of mentally
disabled children and government's strict new regulations. Amidst the usual battle for arranging finances it is finding it hard to
keep its mast upright.
Rachna on the crossroads
On a busy Friday morning, while Dr. Lalitha was busy attending to her patients at her home based clinic, she got a call from the
office of Rachna Foundation. The office staff had received a call from the Paper cup machine supplier in Sivakasi, Tamilnadu
requesting them to send a scanned copy of the draft at the earliest. The task was simple but a copy of requisition letter signed by
her was also required along with the copy ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are various reasons for the disability:     Viral infections in young children like meningitis, viral encephalitis Head
injury/trauma Consanguineous marriages (or marriages between people related to each other by birth) Child malnutrition
Government of India through Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is lending its support. It has set up National Institute
for the Mentally Challenged in Secunderabad. It has also been supporting the organizations/NGOs which are active in this area
through 'Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme' to promote Voluntary Action for persons with Disabilities. The scheme in
order to facilitate delivery of various services to persons with disabilities by voluntary
Rachna on the crossroads organizations provides grants–in–aid to NGOs for various projects. Also, there are various other
schemes like Scheme of National Awards for Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Scheme of National Scholarships for
Persons with Disabilities, Schemes arising out of the Implementation of the Persons with Disabilities, Trust Fund for
Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities. The NGOs/other organizations dealing with special people work on different areas
such as:            Special Schools for the Persons with

Analysis: Anastretical Analysis And Fundamental Analysis...
Basically, there are two types of analysis; Technical analysis & Fundamental analysis. Technical analysis is used by traders to track
the price movement, whereas fundamental analysis is used by investors. Today, we will start with fundamental analysis.
Fundamental analysis investigates the financial health of the company. It investigates it in two ways, quantitatively as well as
qualitatively. It is up to investor how much weightage he/she gives to qualitative analysis & quantitative analysis.
Basically, fundamental analysis involves examination of financial data, management, business track record, competition, earnings
and growth etc. Some part of the analysis is tangible (measurable) & some part is intangible. Analysis of tangible constituents ...
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You also need to look at qualitative factors that affect a company's performance. The qualitative analysis can include the capability
of the company's management, research and development (R&D), products and services, competition etc. It is used to gain insight
into a company and an edge over investors who only use quantitative measures.
The core of every business is its people i.e, management. These people play an important role in the growth of the company & they
are sometimes responsible for the destruction of the company. Hence, to check out the quality of management is one of the most
important part of the qualitative analysis.
Make sure that you are using qualitative analysis in conjunction with quantitative analysis. We all have personal biases, and every
analyst has some sort of bias. Hence using same data two people may come up with different conclusions.
The Proper fundamental analysis offers excellent insights, but it can be time–consuming & require a lot of data, that's why many
individual investors avoid it, which is absolutely wrong. You must devote some time for analysis & stop gambling, as the stock
market is not a gamble. Financial institutions perform fundamental analysis with ease because of availability of analysts and fund
& as a result, they receive a good return on investment(ROI) compared to retail

investing fundamentals
Chapter 13 Investing Fundamentals True/False Questions T F 1. The decision to establish an investment plan is an important first
step to accomplishing your financial goals. Answer: True Difficulty: Easy LO: 1 Page: 408 T F 2. A short–term investment
objective is defined as one that will be accomplished within a period of two to five years. Answer: False Difficulty: Med LO: 1
Page: 409 T F 3. An emergency fund is a certain amount of money that can be obtained quickly in case of immediate need.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy LO: 1 Page: 409 T F 4. A line of credit is a short–term loan that is approved before the money is
actually needed. Answer: True Difficulty: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
B) To be useful, investment objectives must be very general. C) Investment goals are the same for each individual. D) Because
investment objectives deal with the future, it is useless to plan more than five years in the future. E) A long–term investment
objective involves a time period of five years or less. Answer: A Difficulty: Med LO: 1 Page: 408 24. An emergency fund should
be deposited in a: A) savings account at the highest available interest rate. B) six month certificate of deposit. C) checking account.
D) safe place at home. E) safe deposit box in a bank vault. Answer: A Difficulty: Easy LO: 1 Page: 409 25. Twenty years ago, you
began investing $2,000 a year. Because your investments earned an average of 8 percent a year, your investment portfolio has a
current dollar value of $92,000. How much did you earn on your investments over the 20–year period of time? A) $2,000 B)
$40,000 C) $52,000 D) $92,000 E) $132,000 Answer: C Difficulty: Hard LO: 2 Page: 414 26. Which of the following investments
would rank the highest with regard to safety? A) government bonds B) common stock C) preferred stock D) corporate bonds E)
real estate Answer: A Difficulty: Med LO: 2 Page: 413 27. If interest rates in the overall economy decrease, what will happen to
the market value of a corporate bond with a fixed

Fundamental Rights in India
Fundamental Rights in India Fundamental Rights is a charter of rights contained in the Constitution of India. It guarantees civil
liberties such that all Indians can lead their lives in peace and harmony as citizens of India. These include individual rights
common to most liberal democracies, such as equality before law, freedom of speech and expression, freedom of association and
peaceful assembly, freedom to practice religion, and the right to constitutional remedies for the protection of civil rights by means
of writs such as habeas corpus. Violations of these rights result in punishments as prescribed in the Indian Penal Code, subject to
discretion of the judiciary. The Fundamental Rights are defined as basic human freedoms which every ... Show more content on
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Indians, who were seeking independence and their own government, were particularly influenced by the independence of Ireland
and the development of the Irish constitution. Also, the directive principles of state policy in Irish constitution were looked upon
by the people of India as an inspiration for the independent India's government to comprehensively tackle complex social and
economic challenges across a vast, diverse nation and population. In 1928, the Nehru Commission composing of representatives of
Indian political parties proposed constitutional reforms for India that apart from calling for dominion status for India and elections
under universal suffrage, would guarantee rights deemed fundamental, representation for religious and ethnic minorities, and limit
the powers of the government. In 1931, the Indian National Congress (the largest Indian political party of the time) adopted
resolutions committing itself to the defense of fundamental civil rights, as well as socio–economic rights such as the minimum
wage and the abolition of untouchability and serfdom.[3] Committing themselves to socialism in 1936, the Congress leaders took
examples from the constitution of the erstwhile USSR, which inspired the fundamental duties of citizens as a means of collective
patriotic

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Constitution of India (Hindi: भारतीय संविधान, see names in other Indian languages) is the supreme law of India. It lays down
the framework defining fundamental political principles, establishes the structure, procedures, powers and duties, government and
spells out the fundamental rights, directive principles and duties of citizens. It is the longest[1] written constitution of any
sovereign country in the world, containing more than 395 articles in 22 parts, 12 schedules and 110 amendments,[
Part III – Fundamental Rights is a charter of rights contained in the Constitution of India. It guarantees civil liberties such that all
Indians can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Indian student community in England was further inspired by the workings of parliamentary democracy and Britishers
political parties.
In 1919, the Rowlatt Act gave extensive powers to the British government and police, and allowed indefinite arrest and detention
of individuals, warrant–less searches and seizures, restrictions on public gatherings, and intensive censorship of media and
publications. The public opposition to this act eventually led to mass campaigns of non–violent civil disobedience throughout the
country demanding guaranteed civil freedoms, and limitations on government power. Indians, who were seeking independence and
their own government, were particularly influenced by the independence of Ireland and the development of the Irish

Fundamental Error
One of the biggest problems we have in society today is the division between blacks and whites. Though the United States has
come a long way in this separation, we still see major disparities in every social institution; blacks being on the negative end in
each. Between the prison system, school, and the work place, there hasn't been enough, if any, programs or laws to change that.
The reason is, there are a lot of people who think the problem is not with the systems, but just a problem with the individuals. This
is referred to as the Fundamental Attribution Error. This theory explains that when a person is evaluating another person's behavior,
they typically overestimate the personal disposition impact and underestimate the impact of the situation.

Fundamental Fury Essay
Fundamental Fury is one of the most thrilling and breathtaking rides you will ever experience. Anyone who loves a fast roller
coaster will be sure to love Fundamental Fury. In contrast to most coasters, Fundamental Fury has a fast, technologically advanced,
hydraulic launch at the beginning of the ride, accelerating the coaster to over 250 km/h in a time of just 5 seconds. Fundamental
Fury is themed to fundamental particles and how violent they can be when they interact with each other. During the ride, the
coaster trains pass very close to other sections of the track, further emphasizing the extreme and thrilling nature of the ride. Foliage
surrounding the ride is mainly comprised of tall and dense evergreen trees. Contrary to most roller ... Show more content on
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Although fundamental particles, such as quarks and leptons, make up everything in the entire universe, they are of little knowledge
to the public. Absence of public recognition and interest is one of the major reasons Fundamental Fury is themed the way it is.
Color is a scientific term used to describe different types of subatomic particles, and Fundamental Fury incorporates this concept
into the color of the roller coaster tracks. The launch track is colored a bright cyan, while the rest of the roller coaster is colored a
vibrant purple chroma. Dense evergreen trees surround many elements of the ride, providing a beautiful backdrop that contrasts
nicely with the ride. Onlookers can watch the roller coaster train appear and disappear as it weaves through the frondescence.
Since evergreen trees are naturally very thick, they act as excellent sound barriers, sparing nearby people from the roar of the
hydraulic launch. Walkways adjacent to Fundamental Fury have large displays showcasing what the ride experience is like, along
with fun facts about science and fundamental particles. A number of science related booths surround the ride, significantly
enriching the ride experience for anyone interested in how and why things

The, The Fundamental Way Of Communication
Introduction
In whole of the animal kingdom, human being's voice is unique and is the fundamental way of communication. The flexibility of
sound production and the range of frequency allow people use their voice to express their emotions (Chatterjee, 2011). Ageing is
the process for each human being to go through. As we all known, linguistic and acoustic characteristics of children's voice and
speech pattern are quite different from adults. Males and females' voices are striking different in pitch. These differences are
mainly caused by differences in the anatomical structures of the larynx, which change rapidly over time due to individual's
growth(Tielen, 1989; Kaur, 2015). Especially during childhood and adolescence, personal physiology changes quickly and their
skill of co–articulation also increased (Kaur, 2015). The larynx and vocal folds do not entirely mature until late adolescence
(Mwangi et al., 2009). In particular, noticeable change related to Hormone occurs among boys. For pre–pubertal boys and girls,
their vocal apparatus is almost the same, which means their fundamental frequencies are entirely similar. During puberty, the
changes in the larynx's size and character causes voice cracking and characteristic pitch breaks. This grows more rapidly and
extremely among boys, rather than girls, due to the inner secretion of sex hormones (Tielen, 1989). After this period, individual's
voice might be stable in several decades (Chatterjee, 2011). While, a significant

The Fundamental Forces in Nature
The fundamental forces in nature have been around for centuries. Tying everything together many scientist and physicist have
came about to help with the theories of these fundamental forces which include gravitation, electromagnetism, strong, and weak
forces. Physicist like Maxwell, Newton, Fermi, Chadwick, and Kepler, have made a strong impact on how people see the world
today. These fundamental forces are what goes on in everyday life and what we still see till this day. The point we are going to get
to are the coming about of these theories and how they are seen in the outside world and also in physics. In my paper I will be
splitting up how the scientist/physicist came to contribute to the fundamental forces and how each scientist came to contribute to
the coming and discovery of each force. In the second part of the paper I will be describing how each force strong and weak are
used in nature. These topics will help anyone in the search for information on the topic of forces that came to be due to physics.
History of the fundamental forces In 1605 Kepler published the laws of "planetary motion" which included 3 laws. First law was
that every planet is an ellipse with the sun. Second a line segment connecting a planet and the sun sweeps out equal areas during
equal intervals of time. Lastly the third law which states that the time it takes for a planet to orbit the Sun increases rapidly
corresponding with the radius of the planets orbit. These laws came to help the

Fundamentals of Project Management
Module: Fundamentals of Project Management Module Code: FPM12/1 Assignment number: 1 © Milpark Fundamentals of
Project Management FPM12/1 Assignment 1 Year 12A / Page 1 Assignment Guidelines Guidelines for the successful submission
of assignments Students are sometimes unsure as to what constitutes work of an acceptable standard when submitting an
assignment. Naturally, programmes offered at different NQF Levels demand different types of responses. An NQF Level 4 or 5
qualification probably requires the student to demonstrate the ability to describe, explain and apply a concept, whereas at a
graduate level (NQF Level 6/7), students must be able to analyse, evaluate and synthesise information. It is therefore important
that you ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
 Always use your own words, unless you are directly quoting from a source (refer to the section on referencing and plagiarism
that follow).  Don't assume that the reader understands what you are saying. The reader wants to know your understanding of the
issues (demonstrating competence).  Finally, always read through your assignment on completion to ensure that your answers are
clear and concise. It is also very important to ensure that there are no spelling or grammatical errors in your assignment. Technical
presentation and precision make an important contribution to the quality of an assignment and must therefore not be neglected or
disregarded. Guidelines for Referencing Precise and accurate referencing is important:  Acknowledgment: It is incumbent on you
to acknowledge the source of ideas, concepts, models and arguments used in your assignment. The person who developed the idea
or concept should be recognised and acknowledged.  Scholarship: Academic referencing is important as it teaches skills of
careful and painstaking scholarship. An assignment that sets out all sources accurately and consistently, according to an agreed–
upon referencing style, immediately sets a high standard for the piece of work. All work that is referenced in the assignment needs
to be listed in a Reference List. If the assignment consists of one long essay question, the reference list will appear at

Heading : Fundamental Analysis And Analysis Essay
Heading: Fundamental Analysis
URL: http://www.avatrade.com/resources/fundamental–analysis
Content Additions/Changes
Add a "Softer" introduction; include statement that addresses AvaTrade, along with referring to the nature of the following
"Guide".
Add {Fundamental Analysis Defined}, use "When doing fundamental analysis, a trader studies the overall state of the economy..."
paragraph as a lead–in.
Change "Why do Fundamental Analysis" to "Why conduct Fundamental Analysis"
"Some of the world's top traders, who regularly appear on top rich lists employ fundamental analysis...", make specific name
references if possible, addressing known success stories.
Add {Fundamental Analysis vs. Technical Analysis}
Change "How to Start Fundamental Analysis" to "How to perform Fundamental Analysis"
Insert Economic Calendar (or version of) from http://www.avatrade.com/resources/economic–calendar if possible.
Add {Common Economic Indicators}
Add {The Importance of Fundamental Analysis}; use "An example to [that displays] the importance of fundamental analysis..." as
a lead–in.
Add {Fundamental Analysis Tips}, use "To begin employing fundamental analysis..." paragraph as a lead–in.
Close with {How AvaTrade Can Help}
Proposed Page:
Fundamental Analysis
Introduction to Fundamental Analysis
There are two main approaches to analyse the market during trading sessions, and both are popular among traders. One is called
Technical Analysis, and predicts changes in the market based

UNIT I
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Meaning of Management– Management is the art of getting things done by a group of people with the effective utilization of
available resources. An individual cannot be treated as a managing body running any organization. A minimum of two persons are
essential to form a management. These persons perform the functions in order to achieve the objectives of an organization.
Management is the group of activities which drafts plans, prepares policies and arranges men, money, machine and materials
required to achieve the objectives. The above definitions reveal that management is the activity of man who struggles for better
living in the complex and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If there is only one course of action, need for decision–making does not arise. The quality of decision taken by the manager
determines the organizations performance. The success or failure of an organization depends upon the degree of right decision
taken by the manager.
Universal application: The principles and practices of management are applicable not to any particular industry alone but
applicable to every type of industry. The practice of management is different from one organization to another according to their
nature.
Management is getting thing done: A manager does not actually perform the work but he gets things done by others. According to
Knootz and O'Donnel, "management is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organized groups."
Management as a class or a team: A class may be defined as a group of people having homogenous characteristics to achieve
common objectives. Engineers and doctors are grouped as a class in a society. Each and every doctor has the same objectives in
life. Just like engineers and doctors' the management are some of the specializations of management, specialists are appointed in
the key posts of top management.
Direction and control: A manager can direct his sub–ordinates in the performance of a work and control them whenever necessary.
If the available resources are not utilized properly be him, he fails to achieve the corporate objectives in the absence of direction
and control. Generally,

Fundamentals of Macroeconomics
Benson James ECO 372 Fundamentals of Macroeconomics 08 October 2013 The gross domestic product (GDP) is defined as the
market value of all goods in any country at any specific time. The gross domestic product is frequently used to establish a country's
wealth or standard of living. Even though the GDP is supposed to determine a country's economic health, many nonbelievers think
the gross domestic product does not account for the underground economy. An underground economy would consist of
transactions that are no reported to the government. The first thing that comes to mind as an example would be restaurant servers.
Not all restaurants require servers to claim all of their tips. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They can do this by offering goods and services at a discounted prices or creating temporary sale items to compete. Massive layoff
of employees can affect household because it will decrease the amount income each household brings in. When a household does
not have a regular income, it affects the way they spend their money. Households will have to cut costs and budget their money
wisely. When massive layoffs take place is has a great affect on the government as well. The government has to compensate for the
large number of recently unemployed people. This increases government spending dramatically because now they have to use
money for people who are collecting unemployment rather than on something else. Since households have less income, they are
unable to put their money back in the economy. Even though businesses are saving on their own costs by laying off employees,
they are not bringing in as much because people have less disposable income. When there is a decrease in taxes, households have a
greater income which in turn allows them to spend their money at business. When households have a higher income, it lessens the
amount of money the government has to provide for households. Business will be able to stay competitive in the market because
people will have more money to spend on their goods and

Fundamental of Marketing
Josh Hazel
Fundamentals of Marketing
05/07/2005
Unit 1 Individual Assignment
Attention Managers:
The market is the set of actual and potential buyers of a product. Building customer value and satisfaction is the key to product
success. Marketing is about understanding customers needs and developing a product that provides value and promotes effectively.
Marketing, in addition, is also about wants and demands. Wants are shaped by culture and personality. Demands are wants that are
backed by purchasing power. As a marketer responsibility is formed to provide a combination of products, services, information, or
experience to satisfy these needs, wants, and demands. Customers form expectations about the value of products and ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Starling, 2002.)
Using the current demographics we can see that there is a large share of consumers that we have not touched yet. By focusing on
creation of a product, and directing the marketing advances toward these consumers (youth) the corporation can gain a share of the
purchasing power, as well as influence on the parents of these individuals. For example, Chinese parents spend an estimated 40%
of their income on their children. (Armstrong, Kottler, 2005. Page 74)
Conglom 's marketing should use current market trends in order to market new products. Trends such as; dieting, low–calorie, no
sugar, all–natural products, low–carbohydrate, (Roberts 2004) and vitamin and mineral rich products appeal to the generation–x
and baby boomers. (Starling, 2002) The appeal on this new healthy drink will ensure to maintain and grow adult customers.
(Ascend Media, LLC. Euro–monitor PLC 2005) Support for youth oriented marketing to prove Congloms drinks are exiting, and
popular athletes, singers, and actors enjoy these drinks. Other trends such as new flavors and product designs will attract youth.
(Mastroberte 2005, Euromonitor PLC.) The marketing departments ability to study surveys such as; what colors make people
thirstier, what role–models people imitate most, and such studies will aid in creating these designs and

Fundamental Analysis
keyinfo keyinfo Section 3, continued Section 3, continued Below is a summary of the support and education offered to a new
Kappa chapter. To learn more about how we support our new chapters, click here and view our Five–Year New Chapter Support
Plan. Summary Table of Support and Education Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Support for New Chapters One to Two
Resident Chapter Consultants One Based Chapter Consultant as Needed Leadership Consultant Visits Coordinator of Chapter
Development Exiting New Chapters Chairman Chapter Advisory Board Extension Coordinator District Director and Content
Specialists Fully Engaged Chapter Finance Department Creates and Facilitates Chapter Budget Chapter Training and Leadership
Education Installation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From the moment the new chapter is established, we expect the charter members to uphold the values and mission of our
organization. All charter members will be expected to complete the New Member Experience in order to be Initiated. This is the
same requirement for all new members across the entire organization. From the beginning, charter members are assigned to
various committees so they begin to understand chapter operations and officer responsibilities. The committee system ensures all
chapter members have a voice and the opportunity to contribute to chapter operations. Prior to Installation, charter members are
expected to hold officer elections. This is an important first step to becoming a self–governing chapter. Following Installation, the
chapter is expected to work with the two resident Chapter Consultants, local advisers and the rest of the New Chapter Support
Team to execute the Five–Year New Chapter Support Plan to become a fully functioning chapter. 6. Housing expectations: Indicate
housing expectations of the University. Include plan for acquiring housing We are dedicated to providing new chapters with the
assistance they need, especially concerning housing. To ensure chapter unity, growth, and future success with Recruitment,
securing the right type of housing is crucial. Upon receiving an invitation to make a presentation at ISU, we will begin the process
of identifying a chapter facility. We will work with the university, the town of Normal and local

Framing Fundamentals
Framing Fundamentals: Shots and Basic Rules of Thumb
Video shots are all about composition. Instead of pointing the camera at your subjects, what you need to do is to compose an
image. Framing is that very process of making forming composition.
Framing techniques are very subjective. What one client finds to be moving may look pointless to someone else. What you need to
look at are industry guidelines which you can refer to as your rules of thumb.
The rules of video image framing are technically the same for those used in photography.
Fundamental Shots
There is a video industry convention which gives names to the common kinds of shots. The meanings of each could vary but their
purposes are relative. Basic shots are called according to what's applicable to subjects. For instance, close up shot has to be a ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Here, the subject's head is almost at the top border of the frame while his feet are almost at the bottom. Called the safety room, this
is that small amount of space atop the head and beneath the feet. In this shot, the subject still does not take the whole frame width.
The midshot shows a bit more details about the subject. This is more like an estimate of how you would like to see a person in the
flesh. Of course, you would not pay attention to the lower portion of the body, just his face till about his stomach.
The medium close up is a shot that features the face more clearly.
Extreme close up shots are those that show extreme details of a subject. The ECU should effectively convey emotion. The cutaway
shot is that shot that gives you an idea of what is happening outside of the present action. This is often a different subject or, at
times, a CU of a part of the subject.
Basic Framing Rules
Find vertical and horizontal lines on the frame such as poles or horizon. Ascertain that these are at level unless you are trying to
achieve the tilted

Gauge Bosons : Fundamental Interactions And Their Evolution
Gauge Bosons: Fundamental Interactions And Their Evolution
Ray Sahab, Harpreet Kaur, Manish Rawat, Kanishka Kumar Singh
Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee – 247667
Abstract
In this paper, we study the four fundamental interactions, namely electromagnetic, weak, strong, and gravity separately along with
its corresponding gauge boson; the theories of the four fundamental interactions and their evolution was studied carefully. We
constrain ourselves to study the only part of the theories which deal with the force carriers and do so in such a manner that anyone
with elementary knowledge mathematics and physics could understand what is being discussed in the paper.
Introduction
Through the research and studies of various people over the decades we now know what gauge bosons are and what their role is
for fundamental interactions at quantum level. Through this paper we strive to bring to the general populace, what the fundamental
forces in the nature are and the theories of those forces whose evolution tries to coalesce the forces, leaving only one force and one
theory to use in the end, one fundamental interaction and one theory to describe it all, "The Theory Of Everything".
Fundamental Interaction
Fundamental Interactions are the four forces in nature which can describe any and all other phenomenons in known universe. They
are the four fundamental interactions which hold together the universe and ensures it continued existence. Any force

3 Fundamental Metrics
What are the three fundamental dimensions found in physics? How are these three dimensions represented in the metric system(s)
in terms of standard, quantitative units of measure? The three fundamental dimensions in physics used for measurement are length,
mass and time. The metric system is used globally and is accepted as the standard unit of measurement by the scientific
community. For the metric system, these dimensions are labeled as meter (m), kilogram (kg) and seconds (s). They are all broken
down in to multiples of 10 and use scientific notation and exponents to note the value. There are also two other measurement
systems, International System (SI) that is also known as the meter–kilogram–second (MKS) system and the centimeter–gram–
second or CGS system. The MKS system follows the pattern of the metric system in that everything is in multiples of ten. The
metric system also implements a system of prefixes that also denote quantities, along with the exponents. The CGS system also
follows the basic rules of the metric system; it deals with measurements on a much smaller scale. Due to the smaller scale, the
CGS system is preferred in the field of chemistry.
2. Why are standard measurement systems necessary in science? We need a system of standard measurement in the scientific
community ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Each logarithm has two parts, the characteristic and the mantissa. These are based on the exponential power that is with the base
number. For example, 10^4, we would be looking at the 4, which is the exponent. The characteristic is the exponent of the base (4).
The mantissa is the number(s) after the decimal point of the exponent. This example is an exact multiple of 10 so the numbers after
the decimal will always be zero. So in simpler terms, the characteristic and mantissa are divided by the decimal point,
characteristic is on the left and the mantissa is on the right–of the decimal

Fundamental of Laws
INTENTION We would first need to establish if there is a valid and legally binding contract formation between Iris ("the offeror")
before deciding on the likely outcomes for the parties. A proper contract constitutes an offer, an acceptance, the provision of a
consideration of value and parties' intention to legal relations. There was no depute as to the presence of a valid offer because Iris
did indeed make an offer to sell the piano for a specific price and its terms i.e. keeping the offer open for Diana till noon on
Saturday, were communicated to Diana. In return, Diana had also put up her consideration towards the formation of the contract by
making an effort to raise the money needed to buy the aforementioned piano from Iris. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, Iris promise to hold the piano till Saturday was not legally binding. Thus, the offer was invalid. ACCEPTANCE There
are two elements for acceptance to be valid. At law, acceptance must be Final and Unqualified. The general rule is that acceptance
is effective only when is communicated to the offeror. Diana's acceptance is final and unqualified as she phoned and left a message
with Iris's daughter, Athena, saying that she got the money and would collect the piano on Saturday morning. However, the
acceptance was not communicated to Iris as Athena forgot to pass the message to Iris. Thus, Diana's acceptance of offer is invalid
as it does not fulfill the requirements for the acceptance to be effective. The acceptance was not communicated to the offeror.
REVOCATION At law, offeror may revoke an offer at any time prior to the offer being accepted even if the offeror has promised
not to revoke it – Routledge v Grant Notice of revocation is crucial; it is not effective unless the offeree knows it. Offeror are
entitled to change their minds and withdraw offers at any time right up to the moment of acceptance. An offer can be revoked by
the offeror any time before it is accepted. This is analogous to the case of Byrne & Co v Leon Tienhoven & Co (1880)
Personal notification is usual, but is not essential as long as the offeree knew or reasonably

Fundamental Rights

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