Purposive Sampling

1. SAMPLING PROCEDURES
IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Sample – the representative of the
population needed in the research

2. Purposive Sampling
Participants are grouped according
to a set of criteria specified in the
research.
Ex. varsity players in your school,
or working students.

3. Creswell (2005) listed nine
types of purposive sampling
(cited in Fraenkel and Wallen, 2010)

4. TYPICAL SAMPLE
The typical representative of that being
studied ( a class of grade 11 students)

5. CRITICAL SAMPLE
Considered to be exceptional or unusual
(high achievers despite physical disabilites)

6. HOMOGENOUS SAMPLE
Considered if all the members of the sample
have a common characteristic or trait
(a group of singers, a group of dancers)

7. THEORETICAL SAMPLE
Considered in helping the researcher to
understand a new concept or theory.
(choosing a group of student leaders in
assessing student leadership)

8. EXTREME SAMPLE
Considered if all the members of the group
do not fit with the general pattern or display
extreme characteristics.
(a group of high school students who
achieve high grades despite poor social
environment)

9. OPPORTUNISTIC SAMPLE
Takes advantage of new conditions or
circumstances that have arisen.
(a group of grade 7 students who are the
first to be involved in the implementation of
K-12 curriculum)

10. CONFIRMING SAMPLE
Obtained to validate initial findings.
(a follow-up interview of a group of teachers
to verify the frequent absenteeism of
students)

11. MAXIMAL VARIATION SAMPLE
Selected to represent a wide perspective or
characteristics.
(a group of players who possess a wide
variety of behavior on the new policy of
sports competition)

12. SNOWBALL SAMPLE
Selected as the need arises during the
conduct of research.
(a group of school heads is needed as
recommended during the interviews of
school principals)