Research

1. POPULATION
 Consists of the totality or aggregate of the observations with which the
researcher is concerned
 Represents the entirety of persons, units, objects and anything that is
capable of being conceived, having certain properties
 are utilized when an examination question requires information from
each individual from the population. This is typically just doable when
the population is little and effectively open.
Specific Population types are:
 Target population - is a group of individuals who meets the criteria.
 Subject or respondent population - refers to a group of individuals
participating in the study.
 Strata or stratum - is described as a mutually exclusive segment of a
population established by one or more characteristics
SAMPLE
 is defined as a subset of a population.
 is meant to be generalizable to the population in a study so that
researchers can make inferences on the behavior or characteristics of the
whole population.
 are utilized to make inductions about populations. Samples are simpler
to gather information from because they are functional, savvy, helpful,
and reasonable.

2. COMPARISON CHART – POPULATION vs. SAMPLE
BASIS FOR
COMPARISON
POPULATION SAMPLE
Definition
Population refers to the
collection of all elements
possessing common
characteristics, that comprises
universe.
Sample means a subgroup of
the members of population
chosen for participation in the
study.
Includes Each and every unit of the group.
Only a handful of units of
population.
Characteristic Parameter Statistic
Data collection
Complete enumeration or
census
Sample survey or sampling
Focus on Identifying the characteristics.
Making inferences about
population.
SAMPLING
Process of choosing a representative portion of the entire population. – an
integral part of research methodology. – involves selecting a group of people,
events, behaviors or other elements with which to conduct a study.
Method of sampling:
(1)Probability sampling involves random selection, allowing to make
strong statistical inferences about the whole group.
(2)Non-probability sampling involves non-random selection based on
convenience or other criteria, allowing to easily collect data.

3. RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
a respondent is an individual who answers/responds to questions (either
written or oral). While a participant is an individual who voluntarily joins to be
part of a study as a subject
SUBJECTS OF THE STUDY
 is one in which the products or processes of research are analyzed to
better understand some aspect of research itself. This is directly seen in
studies that observe actual research behaviors or evaluate specific
products.

4. References:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/population.asp
Research Methods for the Social Sciences: An Introduction by Valerie
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/sampling-methods/