Assistive Technology Solutions For Students With Learning...

Assistive Technology Solutions For Students With Learning...
Assistive Technology Solutions
Technological advances have increased access to the curriculum for students with learning
disabilities. Assistive technology are the devices and services used to maintain or improve the
capabilities of a student with a disability (Dell, Newton, & Petroff, 2011). Through these
technologies, students with learning disabilities are able to complete tasks in the classroom that they
were otherwise, unable to achieve. Prior to the availability of assistive technology, a student who
was unable to use their hands or arms, would not have been able to write or type on a computer in
the classroom. Additionally, students unable to read because of visual disabilities, or reading
disabilities such as dyslexia, had a difficult time accessing information in the traditional classroom
setting.
Assistive Technology Software
There are a variety of computer software programs and hardware designs available to use for
students with disabilities. These assistive technology designs help the student to access information
they were unable to do before. Text to speech software, such as Kurzweil 3000, reads the material
aloud to the student. Documents can be scanned into the program allowing the student to have the
computer read them the text. The student is able to complete the work independently; affording
them access to the curriculum and a new independence. Another example of assistive technology is
speech to text. Dragon Naturally Speaking, is a software program
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Criticalreview Essay
Angry Voices from the Past and Present: Effects on Adults' and Children's Earwitness Memory
Lisa Öhman, Anders Eriksson and Pär Anders Granhag
A critical review
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling
2013 Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 57 – 70
Word count: 3347
As the old adage goes 'a picture is worth a thousand words'. Often for investigating officers, eye
witness testimony and what is seen, is heavily relied on in order to prosecute crimes (Wells and
Olsen, 2003). As such eye witness testimony and memory has become one of the most researched
areas in Cognitive Psychology. What can be quite disconcerting is that from the research conducted
into this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
as the focus is behaviour relating to criminal and civil investigations whether it be interviews,
decision making or expert evidence to name just a few ("wileyCDA," n.d.). It is therefore of
importance to have relevant and contemporary research to ensure that the criminal justice system
conducts itself in a balanced and impartial way. After all in the English and Welsh judiciary system
the accused is innocent until proven guilty. Using the most appropriate techniques that have
empirical research to support its use will ensure that justice is carried out correctly. The authors set
out to investigate what, if any, conditions would make the accuracy of aural recall more reliable on
not only adults, but children also, since children from a young age can provide a testimony. For
instance, in relation to child abuse cases, as such cases could occur at night in the dark, therefore the
child's earwitness testimony would be of importance as they would not be able to see to confirm
who it was. Öhman et al (2013) investigated the effects of time delay (immediate or 2 weeks), tone
of voice (normal or angry) and type of interview (global questions or scale ratings) in two separate
age groups (11–13 or adults).
It would be virtually impossible to conduct a study on every possible effect on earwitness testimony
in one go. Mullennix et al (2011) highlighted some factors

Speech Processing : Using Mel Frequency Cepstral...
Speaker reognition using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(MFCC)
Abstract Speech processing has emerged as one of the most important application area of digital
signal processing. Various fields for research in speech processing are speech recognition, speaker
recognition, speech analysis, speech synthesis, speech coding etc. The objective of automatic
speaker recognition is to extract, characterize the discriminant features and recognize the
information about speaker identity. In this paper we present a voice recognition system based on
Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and vector Quantization (VQ). This technique has an
advantage that it creates fingerprint of human voice by exploiting human acoustic system and
cepstral analysis. MFCC is widely accepted as a baseline for voice recognition due to these unique
features.
KeywordsMFCC, Vector Quantization, Speaker recognition, Feature extraction, Fast Fourier
Transform
Introduction
Human speech is the most natural form of communication and conveys both meaning and identity.
The identity of a speaker can be determined from the information contained in the speech signal
through speaker identiﬁcation. Speaker identiﬁcation is concerned with identifying unknown
speakers from a database of speaker models previously enrolled in the system. Speaker (voice)
identification has varied applications ranging from opening doors to security systems.
Speech processing is widely divided into 5 different

Essay On Fingerprint Finger
Creating Fake Fingers for Secure Biometric Fingerprint Authentication As the unrelenting demand
for smartphones continues to increase, many technology companies are looking for ways of making
such devices easier, faster, and more user friendly. Many smartphones are equipped with fingerprint
readers, allowing the user to access their phones securely and quickly without having to type in their
pin or passcode. This prevents users from having to remember dozens of random passphrases that, in
theory, a hacker could potentially guess and be granted access into. However, this poses a serious
question – How secure is fingerprint authentication and why should consumers trust that this
technology will keep their information safe? Similarly, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Capacitive readers work by measuring the differences in capacitance between the ridges and valleys
to map out the fingerprint. Because of this, unlike the optical reader, there is no light component
necessary in order to read the fingerprint. Thus, the capacitive sensors can be much smaller, and are
commonly seen in smartphones, laptops, and tablets. In figure 1 below, the difference between the
fingerprints captured by the optical (left) and capacitive (right) readers can be seen. Due to the
smaller size of the capacitive reader, it captures a smaller area of the fingerprint. Anil Jain and
Joshua Engelsma of Michigan State University are creating life like fake fingers, commonly referred
to as "spoofs." These pigmented, conductive silicon spoofs share properties similar to human skin;
their mechanical, optical, and electrical properties allow it to act basically as a finger. With these
spoofs, creators of fingerprint readers can use them for two purposes: 1. remove the discrepancy
between optical and capacitive readers and 2. enable readers to detect for only real fingers to be
granted access. The current problem with many of these readers is that if it was recorded on one type
of reader, and the user tried to authenticate with a different type, it would fail. These spoofs will
allow developers to test their systems, without having to use their own fingers over and over again,
while also ensuring consistency. In

Cash Dispenser With Finger Sensor
CASH DISPENSER WITH FINGER SENSOR
PROBLEM STATEMENT
According to World Bank, roughly 2 billion people around the world do not have access to formal
sources of banking and financial services, or more than 50% of small and mediumsized businesses
(SMEs) worldwide lack adequate access to credit.
Despite the India's meteoric GDP growth rate (about 9%), poverty in India is still pervasive;
especially in rural areas where 70% of India's 1.2 billion population live. It is one of the fastest
growing economies in the world and yet its wealth is hardly redistributed across the population.
Nearly 70 per cent of Indian villagers do not have a bank account, and tapping them would require
multiple banking channels. There are about 73,000 such villages that have no formal banking
channel. In case of government aid, a dedicated bank personal has to travel villages to provide the
money or villagers have to travel to banks at urban areas to get the money.
This finger sensor cash dispenser is an attempt to help the villages in getting the money and aid with
biometrics and can help in less fraud and better services. The concept on creating a
Government/NGO AID Money dispenser for developing countries where most of the people are
illiterate and still don't have access to modern Banking system. For them only biometric is to be
required to access machine rather than using a card.
CHARACTERISTICS OF USERS
The rural market offers a vast untapped potential, and it is not easy to operate in the market,

The Pros And Cons Of Fingerprint Authentication
In 1997, President William J. Clinton, as cited by Woodward (2003), states that having right to
privacy is one of the most cherished freedoms by individuals. However, most of the consumers
today just cares about the convenience brought by technology. Many consumers do not like
passwords and PINs because it might be forgotten due to its complexity or it might took a lot of time
to be authenticated. Fingerprint authentication was implemented to address these problems. Vacca
(2007) remarks that consumers will use fingerprint authentication because of its convenience (p.
121). Although finger–scan technology provides the convenience, which consumers always wanted,
without sacrificing security, this technology infringes their privacy at the same time. Individuals lose
their anonymity when they disclose their biometric information. Woodward (1997) states that the
individual is disclosing an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Vacca (2007), fingerprint authentication is trusted for e–commerce since most of the
Internet users are uncomfortable of disclosing their credit card information online (p. 123). Some
businesses and companies are starting to integrate fingerprint scanning into their products and
systems. Potter (2015) states that Royal Bank of Scotland would enable fingerprint authentication on
its mobile banking apps. Mobile banking users would be able to access their accounts instantly by
tapping their finger on the fingerprint sensor. According to Wielch (2014), Apple's new payment
method called Apple Pay allows consumers to transact securely without taking their credit card out.
Furthermore, Wielch (2014) states that a consumer simply holds their phone near the payment
terminals and places their finger on the Touch ID to authorize the transaction. Sustar (2014) affirms
that Apple Pay is being integrated by leading retailers, banks and credit card companies into their

Fingerprint Fingerprinting Based License Checking System...

FINGERPRINT AUTHORISATION BASED LICENSE CHECKING SYSTEM FOR AUTO–
MOBILE
Ajay Shankar Patil1, Sayli Adesh Patil2, Shrinath Bhau Patil3, Vishal Meshram4 1U.G. Scholar,
Vishwatmak Om Gurudev College Of Engineering, Aghai(THANE) 2U.G. Scholar, Vishwatmak
Om Gurudev College Of Engineering, Aghai(THANE) 3U.G. Scholar, Vishwatmak Om Gurudev
College Of Engineering, Aghai(THANE) 4Assistant Professor, Vishwatmak Om Gurudev College
Of Engineering, Aghai(THANE) Email Id : patil.ajay16@gmail.com
Abstract– To obstruct Non–Licensees from driving and causing accidents, a new advanced
automobile system is proposed. An important, trustful and very reliable human identification method
in current dates is fingerprint identification. Fingerprint identification is one of the most popular,
trustful and reliable personal biometric identification methods. The proposed system contains a
database, it saves the fingerprint of a particular person. While issuing the License, the specific
person's fingerprint is to be saved in the database. Vehicles such as cars, bikes etc. should have a
fingerprint reader and have accomplished to read data of the particular person 's License details. In
this system every automobile should have fingerprint reader device. A person, who wants to drive
the vehicle, should swipe his/her finger (License) in the vehicle. If the fingerprint image stored on
the smart card and

What Is A Hidden Transcript?
There's Those Who Have Power and Those Who Don't No matter how a person looks at it, there will
always will be a power struggle between the ones who have it and the ones that don't. James C.
Scott describes in his memoir "Behind the Official Story", political sciences in society and hidden
transcripts in the public. In describing his idea of hidden transcripts he states, "I shall use the term
public transcript as a shorthand way of describing the open interaction between subordinates and
those who dominate." (Scott 522). He says the hidden transcript is a lie and disguise for those who
don't have control and power. He argues that both parties are misleading and conspiring against each
other. Nafisi talks about power relations in her memoir ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When she moved into the apartment she was finally able to wear colorful clothes and be herself.
Without the power authority telling her how to act in public and what to wear. Scott in this case
would describe this as a hidden public transcript. Nafisi describes in her memoir that there are two
hidden transcripts of power. One is where she may dress in home how she wants and wear colorful
clothes. To be able to be herself, read forbidden literature and dress how she wants without the
power authority to tell her how. Two, in the public she must wear black robes and scarves around
her head and body. Obey the public's eye of power that has a hold over Nafisi. Nafisi states
"Although they came from different backgrounds, the regime that ruled them had tried, to make
their personal identities and histories irrelevant. They were never free of the regime's definition of
them as Muslim women." (Nafisi 437). Here Nafisi is describing one of the hidden transcripts,
where Muslim woman are degraded down to nothing more than subordinates to their superiors.
Where Scott had described this pacific statement in his book and at the beginning of this paper. This
is what

Essay about Actg351 Hw1
ACTG 351 HW #1 Answers 1. Curtiss Construction Company, Inc. entered into a fixed–price
contract with Axelrod Associates on July 1, 2011, to construct a four–story office building. At that
time, Curtiss estimated that it would take between two and three years to complete the project. The
total contract price for construction of the building is $4,000,000. The building was completed on
December 31, 2013. Accumulated contract costs incurred, estimated costs to complete the contract,
accumulated billings to Axelrod and cash collections from Axelrod under the contract are as follows:
12/31/2011 $350,000 3,150,000 720,000 600,000 12/31/2012 $2,500,000 1,700,000 2,170,000
1,800,000 12/31/2013 $4,250,000 0 3,600,000 3,600,000
Costs incurred to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Record the necessary journal entries for each year (credit Various Accounts for construction costs
incurred).
2011 2012 –200,000 2013 4,000,000 4,050,000 –50,000
Revenue Expense Gross Profit
All the journal entries remain the same except for entry 2). 2012 Entry: Loss on Long–term
Contracts CIP (loss) 2013 Entry: Construction Expense CIP (loss) Revenue
200,000 200,000
4,050,000 50,000 4,000,000
2. Bounce Computer Corp allows customers to pay in installments for their products. Bounce only
had two installment contracts outstanding during 2011. Each contract has a total contract price of
$1,000,000 but is payable in five equal annual installments. Both contracts started in the same year.
One contract is accounted for using the installment sales method, the other is accounted using the
cost recovery method. Both contracts record the same amount of gross profit and have the same
gross profit percentage in 2011. a. Assume 2011 is the 3rd year of both contracts, how much gross
profit is recorded on each contract this year? If gross profit is equal for two methods, it must be the
1st year of recording GP under Cost Recovery. Cost Recovery: Total Cash Received = 600,000 =
200,000*3 periods Gross Profit Recorded = 600,000 – 1,000,000(1–GP) Under Installment: Gross
Profit Recorded = 200,000*GP Therefore: 200,000*GP = 600,000 – 1,000,000(1–GP) 400,000 =
800,000GP GP = .50 Gross profit recorded for each

What Is Meant by State Recognition in International Law
What is meant by state recognition in international law INTRODUCTION Some definitions of
"international law" can be found on the Web as follows: "The body of laws governing relations
between nations", "International law is the term commonly used for referring to the system of
implicit and explicit agreements that bind together nation–states in adherence to recognized values
and standards, differing from other legal systems in that it concerns nations rather than private
citizens. ...", "A complex network of principles, treaties, judicial decisions, customs, practices, and
writings of experts that are binding on States in their mutual relations." The common point of the
definitions is that, international law deals with the states and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
What are the rights and duties, the powers and immunities that attach to an entity because it is a
State? Crawford gives a list of five "exclusive and general legal characteristics" of States: "(1) States
have plenary competence to perform acts in the international sphere make treaties and so on. (2)
States are exclusively competent with respect to their internal affairs–"exclusive" means plenary and
not subject to control by other States. (3) States are not subject to international process without their
consent. (4) States are regarded in international law as "equal", it is a formal, not a moral or political
principle. (5) States entitled to benefit from the Lotus presumption, especially that any derogation
from the previous principles must be clearly established." These are the criteria and the
consequences of being a State, the next chapter will focus on to be accepted as a State. II.
RECOGNITION At the beginning of XX century, there were nearly fifty states in the world arena,
just before the World War II the number reached approximately seventy–five and in 2005, there
were almost 200. Each State creation, again and with some problems, put the recognition concept on
the agenda of international community. Recognition has become much important especially by
reason of its results. What is meant by recognition of States? Grant defines

Coconut Telegraph Essay
Background on Coconut Telegraph Coconut Telegraph Corporation (Coconut) is a developer and
provider of specialized customer billings and management software and systems. On February 1,
2012, Coconut entered into an arrangement with Buffett Worldwide Inc. (Buffett) to deliver the
Volcano System and provide one year of post contract customer support (PCS) beginning March 1,
2012. Buffett paid $12,000 on February 1, 2012, for the Volcano System and the related PCS. On
May 1, 2012, and in a separate contract, Coconut agreed to provide Buffett with (1) training services
on the customer management system and (2) an additional year of PCS. Under the terms of this
agreement, Buffett immediately paid consideration of $4,500 for the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, the arrangement for the system would not be within the scope of ASC 985–605 and
would likely fall within the scope of ASC 605–25 and 605–20. Revenue Recognition – April 30,
2012 Agreement Based on the information outlined above, the revenue recognition accounting
would follow that for Multiple–Element Arrangements as outlined in ASC 605–25. The accounting
units of system and PCS will be accounting for separately, because the criteria of ASC 605–25–5–a
are met: "The delivered item or items have value to the customer on a standalone basis. The item or
items have value on a standalone basis if any vendor sells them separately or the customer could
resell the delivered item(s) on a standalone basis. In the context of a customer's ability to resell the
delivered item(s), this criterion does not require the existence of an observable market for the
deliverable(s)." As outlined in the case, both the customer support system and the post–contract
customer support have standalone relative selling prices of $12,000 and $2,000, and could be
purchased separately. Therefore, it is appropriate to use Vendor–Specific Objective Evidence to
determine the amount of revenue to recognize for the system ASC 605–25–30 and the breakout for
PCS, but PCS will also be subject to nonrefundable up–front fee stipulations for revenue
recognition. According to ASC 605–10–S99 SEC Materials and the SEC's codification of Staff

Literature Review On Speech Recognition System
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
Review of literature on speech recognition systems authentically demands consideration towards the
finding of Alexander Graham Bell regarding the method of converting sound waves into electrical
impulses and the first speech recognition system developed by Davis et al. [6] for finding telephone
superiority digits spoken at normal speech rate. This attempt for automatic speech recognition was
mainly centered on the edifice of an electronic circuit for discovering ten digits of telephone
superiority. Spoken words were examined to obtain a 2–D plot of formant 1 vs. formant 2. A circuit
is developed for finding the greatest correlation coefficient among a set of novel incoming data for
pattern matching. These features are grouped into feature vectors that serve the purpose of reducing
dimensionality and redundancy in the input to the speaker recognition system. An indication circuit
was created to exhibit the already discovered spoken digit. The proposed approach lays stress on
recognizing speech sounds and providing appropriate labels to these sounds. Various approaches and
types of speech recognition systems came into existence in last five decades gradually. This
evolution has led to a remarkable impact on the development of speech recognition systems for
various languages worldwide. The exact nature of the feature set depends on what part of a speech
signal the features are expected to represent and thus what type of information is to be extracted. In

Essay Immunity from Sate Jurisdiction
Immunity from Sate Jurisdiction
International law specifies that 'the jurisdiction of a state within its territory is complete and
absolute'[1]. However, it is identified that certain categories of persons and bodies acting in the
public interest are entitled to immunities and privileges from the exercise of the State jurisdiction.
In April 1984 WPC Fletcher, a British policewoman was killed, as a result of shots being fired from
the Libyan Bureau. The incident created great anger and it was asked by many as was whether the
Libyan diplomats were immune from being tried in the United Kingdom courts and the abuse of
such privilege granted to diplomatic persons. This also prompted the British ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
More stringent standards are being applied.'[7] Therefore the possibility of expelling diplomats from
the country if in breach of criminal law was available as an option for the host State if needed. The
relationship between persons enjoying immunities and privileges and the host states is accentuated
in Article 41 of the Convention[8], in which it confers that all persons enjoying immunity and
privileges to respect the laws of the host state. The position of the diplomat is also seen as that he is
under 'duty to observe that law and assume a relationship towards the state of his residence which is
sometimes referred to as 'temporary allegiance'.[9]
The ambiguity of the law in this area is due to the problems in the interpretation of Article 7 of the
Geneva Convention on Diplomatic Relations, which will now be explained. Article 7 states, that the
'sending State may freely appoint the members of the staff of the mission'. It is apparent by the
quotation, that the lack of imprecision leaves an opportunity for possible abuse.
Firstly, an issue that was raised was that the Vienna Convention does not contain an objective
definition of staff categories. It was argued that the present provision, which relates to fact checks,
that usually have to relate to questions relating to nationality, residence

Speech Conversion Using Neural Networks
CS 549 TOPICS IN ARITIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TEXT TO SPEECH CONVERSION USING
NEURAL NETWORKS Project Report Firstly, Artificial Intelligence was used in 1956, at the
Dartmouth conference and from then it is expanded because of various proposed theories and many
new principles developed by its researchers. It is an area of computer science that focusses on
creating machines that can engage on behaviors of humans, solve the computational models for
complex problems. Here Neural Networks are a computational approach to AI, which is based on
the great collection of Neural Units, which models a Human brain as connected large number of
neurons. These neurons are connected to each other to process the information as of the human
brain. Artificial neural network (ANN) learn by testing and training data. The Artificial Intelligence
in brief can be defined as the study and design of intelligent agents. Text to Speech Conversion
using Neural networks: In this project, we are developing Natural Language Processing (NLP),
which is related to processing human language by computer. The base paper for the implementation
of our project is "Natural Language processing techniques in Text–To–Speech synthesis and
Automatic Speech Recognition" Here the base paper we referred depicts usage of natural language
processing techniques which includes the production of audio from the input text i.e., text to speech
synthesis and the inverse process i.e., automatic speech recognition. From this paper we

Intermediate Accounting (Spiceland) Chaper 5 Cases Essay
CASES
Real World Case 5–1
Requirement 1
A bill and hold strategy accelerates the recognition of revenue. In this case, sales that would
normally have occurred in 1998 were recorded in 1997. Assuming a positive gross profit on these
sales, earnings in 1997 is inflated.
Requirement 2
A customer would probably not be expected to pay for goods purchased using this bill and hold
strategy until the goods were actually received. Receivables would therefore increase.
Requirement 3
Sales that would normally have been recorded in 1998 were recorded in 1997. This bill and hold
strategy shifted sales revenue and therefore earnings from 1998 to 1997.
Requirement 4
Earnings quality refers to the ability of reported earnings (income) to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Usually, these remaining uncertainties can be accounted for by estimating and recording allowances
for anticipated returns and bad debts, thus allowing revenue and related costs to be recognized at
point of delivery. But occasionally, an abnormal degree of uncertainty causes point of delivery
revenue recognition not to be appropriate. Revenue recognition after delivery sometimes is
appropriate for installment sales and when a right of return exists.
Judgment Case 5–3
Mega should recognize revenue for the initial fee equally over the estimated average period
members will continue to be members. Even though the fee is nonrefundable, it is not "earned" until
services are provided. Since there is no contractual period of service, it must be estimated. Mega
would be justified in recognizing only $3 of the initial fee immediately to offset the cost of the
membership card. The payment option chosen by members does not affect the revenue recognition
policy.
The monthly fee should be recognized as revenue upon billing, as long as adequate provision is
made for possible uncollectible amounts.
Judgment Case 5–4
The revenue recognition policy is questionable. The liberal trade–in policy causes gross profit to be
overstated on the original sale and understated on the trade–in sale. This results from the granting

Reflection Of An Innovative Braille System
MISSION TO VISION
An Innovative Braille System Keyboard for the Visually Impaired
S.JAYASHREE, V.SRI RANJANI, SRI SAIRAM ENGINEERING COLLEGE 1. Introduction
The world today demands people to be independent, irrespective of their challenges, mentally or
physically. Visually impaired people have to rely on someone for fulfilling even the minor needs.
The probability for them to interact with the computer is very minimal except for the speech
recognition technology which is really complicated and unreliable. Thus to make them stronger in
their working on the computers, this project provides them the total enhancements for interaction
with the system and servicing their necessities. This project is an original project work of ours,
which is a unique innovation making them visual across the globe, interact with computers easily
and independently. A keyboard is an external input device that is connected to the computer using a
fiber optic cable. An ordinary conventional keyboard contains around 104 keys in it, buried inside
the keyboards case is an 8042 microcontroller chip that constantly scans the switches on the
keyboard to see if any keys are down. A typical keystroke starts with the user pressing a key ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These computer programs are called "speech recognizers". A speech recognizer is itself a standard
Windows computer application, but its job is to run alongside the other programs running on a
computer and makes the blind person to speak out to enter the text on the screen. Because a blind
person cannot see what is on the screen, a screen reader typically has a built–in speech synthesizer
which, perhaps sounding a bit like a robot, speaks information to the user through the normal sound
speakers of the computer

Technology Is Making Its Way Into The Everyday Lives Of...
For many generations the idea of a device that could recognize you simply by your eyes has been
the stuff of science fiction. It was an invention that seemed intangible. However, over recent years
this imaginative and seemingly futuristic technology has become a thing of the present. Each iris has
a unique pattern, like fingerprints, however iris scans have proven to be more accurate and distinct.
Slowly but surely, this novel technology is making its way into the everyday lives of Americans. For
example, colleges, such as George Mason University have begun to use iris scans as a form of
identification in cafeterias; even airports have started to introduce this innovation (MacRumors,
2014). Not only this, but the invention has been ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This shows just how efficient the new scans really are and how quickly it works. The device works
using algorithms and iris codes, collected in phasors (FBI, nd). Once a picture is taken of an
individual's iris these algorithms can be used to encode the pattern into a database which can be used
again to match their identity in the future (MacRumors, 2014). Each iris can be described by 256
bytes (FBI, nd). This device can impact many areas, just as the standard iris scan was able to do.
However, despite the many areas this new technology is beginning to effect, the criminal justice
field is one of the regions most primarily impacted. Security within the justice field is a major area
the IOM handheld iris scan impacts. In past years, there have been issues reported regarding escaped
prisoners; with iris scans such as these this occurrence becomes extremely unlikely. An example of
this is Raymond Taylor. Taylor was a convicted murderer who escaped in using the cover of his
cellmate's identity to pass through security unnoticed (Welte, 2010). Not only is this a breach of
safety, but it is also a wide wake up call to the level of precaution that is necessary to take in a
community in order to ensure the continued wellbeing and the maintenance of peace in a population.
Police officers strive to maintain this and the justice system as a

Hrm/531 Week 3
1. What additional information should Molly gather?
Molly needs to gather information why these accounts are discharged and they are not billed yet.
Some of the possible reasons why bills sat there for so long after patient are discharged include the
following;
They require coding and the coding has not been completed
They are coded, but lack a code to correspond to a charge––often identified during the initial claim–
editing process
They have been coded, but still await charges, which will be entered within the "suspense" period
They are coded but were rejected during the claim–editing process because of an unrelated HIM
element, such as an invalid revenue code, a missing data element, or an inaccurate payer designator
2. What are Molly's options? Molly's first option is to fill the vacant position of the coder and hire
two more coders. These two coder's jobs are to go through the discharged charts to find why the
accounts are not billed yet. Whatever the reason is, these two coders goals is to make sure the
accounts are corrected and billed immediately. Molly also has the option of providing ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since the optical imaging system makes the medical record concurrently available via the web or
server, most of coders and chart analysis staff can work at home. Individual working from home
must meet productivity and quality standards before this privileged is granted and retention of staff
is very good. Contract coders are also able to coder remotely. This does decrease their cost and
ensure quality of coding while at the same time emphasizing the volume.
4. My recommendation in solving Molly's problem is to create a game plan which includes
document management, chart analysis, suspension, transcription, and coding. The use of ChartMaxx
and Optical image system in all the healthcare facilities that are involved is strongly recommends.
Documentation

General Accepted Accounting Principles ( Gaap ) : The...
Accounting Standards Update 2014–09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)
ACCT 610 Financial Reporting and Disclosure
Daisy Gaytan
California State University, San Bernardino
Abstract
1. General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP): The Revenue Recognition Principle Revenue
recognition is a difficult matter in accounting. The company's results differ depending of the method
used to recognized earnings. This is a complex situation since business activities are broad and
intricate. Therefore, policies and regulations are imperative to reduce manipulation of financial
statements. The foundation of the income measurement is the accrual accounting. According to
Collins, Johnson, and Mittelstaedt (2012) under accrual accounting, revenue is recorded in the
period when they are earned and become measurable. This is when the vendor rendered a service, or
transferred an asset to the purchaser and the value of the transaction is realistically assured.
Expenses are also recorded in the same period in which the revenues are recognized (the matching
principle). Reported revenues under accrual accounting most of the time do not match cash receipts
during the period. Accrual accounting provide a more accurate measure of the economic value
added than cash flows. The accounting process of recognizing income includes two steps: revenue
recognition, and expense matching.
1.1 Criteria for Revenue Recognition According with GAAP, (Collins et al.)

Asylum And The International Law
Asylum is a haven granted by one country to an individual seeking protection from another country.
The right to asylum is established in the international law by the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights in article 14. Two types of asylum exists, of which political asylum is the one which is
widely recognized and put to practice where an individual flees its country of origin to take refuge
in a foreign country. Its disputed counterpart, diplomatic asylum, is applicable where the person
seeking asylum is outside the territory of the country granting it, mainly within its diplomatic
territory. Diplomatic asylum is applicable only when the individual is wanted for political crimes.
From outset it lead to political friction due to its infringement on the receiving country's sovereignty.
In practice it comes down to a balancing act between the receiving country's sovereignty and the
granting state's diplomatic sanctity. Historically diplomatic asylum developed into two opposing
practises on the international platform, which will be discussed in this section. 2 1 Position in
Europe and in the western global context Diplomatic asylum stems from legal development in
Europe during the 1400s and 1500s as a product of temporary embassies being transformed into
permanent ones. Since it became unlawful for local authorities to enter the embassy, it became a
occasional shelter for fugitives seeking refuge. Political conflict was prevalent with its application
according to

The Importance Of International Terrorism
The growing scope and complexity of international terrorism, particularly the threat to diplomats
and diplomatic facilities, has caused widespread concern among members of the international
community and prompted a lively debate on the measures appropriate for their protection.
Consideration of this matter, however, has been greatly complicated not only by differing
interpretations of the nature of terrorism but by the involvement of states themselves in terrorist
activities.
Once again, this problem is not new but since the 1960s, when terrorism emerged as a coherent
doctrine of revolutionary warfare and a myriad groups sprang up around the world to capitalise on
the increased vulnerability of modern society, the involvement of government s in terrorism has
been given considerable attention. The debate over this matter has been heightened by the open
admission of some states that they were prepared to sponsor terrorist groups as a means of extending
their foreign policy options and by the Reagan Administration's insistence that terrorism has become
a global issue with the potential to destroy diplomacy, undermine world stability and threaten
civilisation itself .1
Despite the fact that the diplomatic laws have been in practice since the beginning of early
civilizations, states have often acted in a manner contrary to VCDR principles and laws. There have
been earlier incidents of the violation of inviolability of diplomatic privileges by the receiving state
but most of them

Speech Understanding Software Essays
Speech Understanding Software
In the past computers were completely impractical and never thought to be used for personal
reasons. Today computers are a common household item easily accessible to anyone. In the future
the computer will be even more focused around the user creating less work for the user. This future
will be made possible through Human Centric computing. Human centric computing will make
computers easy to work with. The main focus is to create a world where computers are everywhere
and easy to use. One method of creating a more human interface is by implementing speech
understanding software. This software is already improving at an amazing pace.
Most reviews of speech understanding software I've read are highly ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It can give you stock quotes, travel information, sports scores, weather data, and a lot more. This
software is based on speech understanding software supplied by Tellme. Tellme is a powerful
demonstration of the usability of speech understanding software.
The future of speech understanding software as a natural interface to 800–line and online services is
bright, especially when the company can set it up so that it has to deal with a limited index of words.
Tellme isn't alone in supplying speech understanding technology, but it's leading the pack and
promises to get even better in the near future.
What about speech understanding software on a personal level? Many feel there is no potential and
it doesn't work well. This is not true at all, if used properly the speech understanding software does
an excellent job at allowing the user to speak while the program writes it down.
In the past the best speech understanding products were designed and sold by Dragon Systems. The
earlier programs weren't great, but they were good enough to start with. Later Dragon sold itself to
their competition, Lernout and Hauspie. Lernout and Hauspie's products were good, but when they
started plugging in some of the Dragon technology into the their own products, they got even better.
IBM has done well with its speech understanding software, Via Voice. Via Voice Pro 8.0 may now
be the best on the market. Via Voice is also

Unit 1 Case Study Biometric Security
Biometric technologies have existed for quite some time. Recently, there has been a large increase in
the demand for more secure ways of confirming an individual's identity. Resulting from this, several
tests were created, which allow for a user to test another individual's personal characteristics and
behaviors, comparing them with the original. This allows for testing "who an individual is", versus
what they know or carry. Biometric is defined as "automated recognition of individuals based on
their biological and behavioral characteristics" (biometrics institute). This is also a more reliable
source of verification because the user cannot simply lose their human characteristics. They also
cannot be faked or stole. Technology in these fields ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Currently, Facebook has the largest facial recognition database in the world, allowing users to tag
friends in photos, identifying to their unique identity. Deborah Gonzalez, an attorney and founder of
Law2sm LLC, discusses the advancement of technology if people were not afraid of this
improvement. She introduces the idea of using Google Glasses, which are smart glasses,
incorporated with Facebook's facial recognition database, allowing users to find personal
information about each and every person around them. Currently, India has documented personal
information from 500 million citizens for biometric analysis, allowing them to manipulate the data
for informative purposes, which would be extremely useful for calculating poverty percentages.
However, many human rights advocates are fighting this (https://www.elsevier.com/connect/amid–
rampant–data–breaches–and–hacks–biometrics–takes–off). Many of the problems seen by society
are opinionated and could be very advantageous if

Pros And Disadvantages Of Asylum
I. Asylum is granted only in cases of political offences and not to common criminals.
II. Asylum is granted in accordance with the laws and usages of the state of refuge, and it is for the
latter to appreciate whether the offence committed by the refugee is a political offence or a common
crime.
III. The territorial state may request the departure of the refugee from its territory and the state of
refuge may then require the former state to deliver a safe conduct enabling the refugee to leave the
country safely.
IV. The state which granted asylum sometimes, with the same end in view, requests that a safe–
conduct be issued to refugee.
3. Caracas Convention (1954): The decision of the International Court Haya de la Torre led to some
dissatisfaction among Latin–American countries. As such a conference was convened at Caracas in
1954, which drew up an Inter–American Convention on Diplomatic asylum. The Convention
established the controlling rights of the asylum granting state to categorize the nature of offences for
which the fugitive's arrest is sought, and to decide upon the urgency of the circumstances ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Asylum on Humanitarian grounds: Asylum in a foreign embassy or legation is a subject which
affords a good illustration of the change and development of the rules of international law. In
modern times, it is asserted, the right to asylum, if it were generally recognized, would tend to
constitute an abuse. It would interfere with good government. The practice of asylum is 'even looked
on with a tolerant eye' and the personnel of a foreign legation are not very glad to use this right. To
the diplomatic agent concerned the practice is nothing but a burden. But the practice is defended on
humanitarian grounds. Motives of humanity exclude a rigid refusal to receive a man who may be in
peril of his life, but the general rule now is to limit the reception of such political refugees to cases
where the person received is in instant or imminent personal

A Secure Mobile Voting System Using Fingerprint
A SECURE MOBILE VOTING SYSTEM USING FINGERPRINT
U.Rajkumar, H.Karunakaran, B.karthikeyan, M.venkatesh, rajkuamrudhaya@gmail.com,
karunakaranit17@gmail.com ,
G.Revathi M.E. , revugovind@gmail.com, Department of Information Technology, V.S.B
Engineering College, Karur.
Abstract– The heart of the democracy is solely depending on the voting. The voting is the right for
every citizen in the nation. The fingerprint shows the most promising future in real–world
applications. Because of their uniqueness and consistency over time, fingerprints have been used for
identification and authentication purpose. However, there are some challenges in using fingerprint in
real–world application. We are interested in designing and analyzing the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
That is why majority of secure systems are using fingerprint method alone or in combination with
other biometric feature to make systems more secure in this rapidly advancing technology era. That
is why in this Mobile Voting systems are identification of voter is based on fingerprints. A database
is created containing the fingerprint of all the voters in the constituency. Illegal votes and repetition
of votes is checked for in this system. Hence if this system is employed the elections would be fair
and free from rigging. Fingerprints are one of many forms of biometrics used to identify an
individual and verify their identity. Extensive research has been done on fingerprints in humans.
Two of the fundamentally important conclusions that have risen from research are: (i) a person 's
fingerprint will not naturally change structure after about one year after birth and (ii) the fingerprints
of individuals are unique. Even the fingerprints in twins are not the same. In practice two humans
with the same fingerprint have never been found. In this study, for the fingerprint authentication the
minutiae or texture based matching is considered for higher recognition accuracy. This paper is
organized as follows: The section II describes the issues of the present voting system, section III
discusses the proposed mobile voting system, Section IV describes the gabor filter based fingerprint
matching, Section V describes the conclusion.
Privacy: (1) neither authorities nor anyone else

Annotated Bibliography On Gsm Systems
5. GSM MODULE
A. Introduction
This is a plug and play GSM Modem with a simple to serial interface. It is use for sending SMS,
Calling (Answer and decline calls), and other GSM operations that are controlled by simple AT
commands from micro controllers and computers. Highly popular SIM300 module is used for all
operations. It comes with a standard RS232 interface for easy interface of modem to micro
controllers and computers.
The modem consists of external circuitry like the power regulation, external antenna, SIM Holder,
etc.. needed for experimenting with the SIM300 module.
B. Features
Uses most popular SIM300 GSM module .
Provided with Standard serial RS–232 interface for easy connection with computers and other
devices .
Provided with Serial TTL interface for easy and direct interface to microcontrollers.
Power on/off control, RING and Network LEDs for easy debugging.
On–board 3V Lithium Battery holder with appropriate circuitry for providing backup for the
modules' internal RTC.
Used for GSM based Voice communications, Data/Fax, SMS,GPRS and TCP/IP stack .
For controlling Standard AT commands can be used .
Provided with On–board wire antenna for better reception.
External antenna can also be added through an SMA connector.
Adjustable serial baud rate from 1200 to 115200 bps and 9600 bps by default is allowed.
Less power consumption of 0.25A during normal operations and around 1A during transmission.
Operating Voltage: 7 – 15V

Handwriting Recognition Essay
The one feature that got the most attention and strongly influenced its demise was its handwriting
recognition capability. In all message pads, handwriting recognition was the basis of data input to
many of the built–in applications and functions. According to Professor Luckie, this handwriting
recognition depends solely on Paragraph International Inc.'s Calligrapher recognition engine.
Calligrapher technology was limited by the dictionary of words to which it has access (Luckie, n.d.).
This shows that if you write a word that doesn't exist in the dictionary, then Calligrapher is not going
to recognize it correctly and often suggests funny but incorrect phrases as the user wrote.
Even though the limitation of the Calligrapher recognition partly contributed to the demise of
MessagePad, Apple was able to rescue Newton during the release of the second generation OS
(Newton 2.0 OS). This software brought the MessagePad back to the technology it was intended to
be by introducing the new printed handwriting recognition engine. Professor Luckie, in his website
that documents the evolution of Newton OS describes how the engineers at Apple had developed a
"letter by letter" handwriting reorganizer that could only recognize "printed" text (Luckie, n.d.). The
printed text recognizer in OS 2.0 requires no dictionary or handwriting learning period. It only
requires separated printed characters to analyze.
Both handwriting recognition engines were innovative systems that adapted to the

Sexism In Advertising Essay
Stereotyping while advertising is a tactic that has been used since marketing was first invented. This
tactic has been used to shape public perception about how certain groups of people should act.
Women in this advertising world are shown as highly focused on their looks, and how the goal of the
average women should be to be thought of as "sexy". Men are pressured in advertising to assert
nothing but raw masculinity. The idea of a male being a caretaker in the home, or a women being a
member of the workforce or shunned by this stereotypical perception in advertising. This thought
process oppresses those members of society that which to branch out beyond their stereotypes. An
article in The Globe and Mail called "Social issues trump sexism in consumer's minds" demonstrates
that despite the public outcry against sexism in advertising, it is not a deterring factor when deciding
which product they would want to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Bloomberg Businessweek article "Your Retirement Savings Might Not Go So Far" explains
how this phenomenon is effecting how people should invest and save, and how the unrealistic
aspirations of how some pool money into the stock market expecting short term gain will be heavily
disappointed. Bloomberg cites an example of how this decrease in return in investment can affect
citizens negatively by stating how a decrease in returns from 4% to 3.5% would mean that someone
with a savings of $2 million would expect to earn $10, 000 less a year. (REFERENCE) This means
that people cannot rely as heavily on investments as they used to in the past for their savings,
suggesting that things like paying off loans will earn you more than investing now. Bloomberg
suggests that investors have to be more careful than ever with their savings as their dollar doesn't
carry them as far as it used

A Voice Guidance System For Autonomous Robots
A VOICE GUIDANCE SYSTEM FOR AUTONOMOUS ROBOT Neha Dingwani Email:
nehadingwani3@gmail.com Pranali Sonawane Email: pranalis93@gmail.com Sanjivani Yesade
Email: Sanjivani.yasade@gmail.com Vishal Motwani Email: rvmotwani960@gmail.com
ABSTRACT In this paper, a voice guidance system for autonomous robots is proposed as a project
based on microcontroller. The proposed system consists of a microcontroller and voice recognition
software that can recognize a limited number of voice patterns. The commands of autonomous
robots are classified and are organized such that one voice recognition software can distinguish
robot commands under each directory. Thus, the proposed system can distinguish more voice
commands than one voice recognition processor can. I. INTRODUCTION This Project Describe a
robot that can be operated by voice commands given from user. The project use speech recognition
system for giving and processing voice commands Speech recognition, or speech–to–text, involves
capturing and digitizing the sound waves, converting them to basic language units or phonemes. It is
the ability of a computer to recognize general, naturally flowing voice from a wide variety of users.
The robot will receive commands from user and do the actions like left, right, back, front etc. The
robot will detect the obstacles, fire and gas using sensor and do the work like if robot detect obstacle
it moves in different direction, if robot detect fire it will stop the fire /buzzer the alarm and if

About Apple Watch
Apple Watch: Is It Good for Business?
The Apple Watch can make you more productive, and it pairs nicely with business–casual dress –
but so can other, less expensive smartwatches. That puts Apple's first wearable device in a bit of an
awkward spot. It's an excellent product, but competing devices offer similar functionality at a
fraction of the cost.
Fortunately, the Apple Watch does a lot to help justify its premium price. It offers a more polished
interface than other smartwatches, as well as a bigger app library at launch than any other wearable
operating system. You also get features you won't find on many other watches, like the ability to
take phone calls. And like any good smartwatch, it ensures you'll never miss an important ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thankfully, it's pretty easy to set up filters so that your watch only alerts you to prioritized messages
using the Apple Watch app on your iPhone.
Apps
Evernote for Apple Watch lets you dictate quick notes with one tap. You can also scroll down to
review your old notes, or search for keywords.
App in the Air can keep you updated on your next business flight, including real–time flight status,
gate information and delays.
Invoice2go can automatically prompt you to start logging your work time as soon as you arrive at a
job site. It also lets you send basic invoices and receive alerts when they're paid.
PowerPoint Remote is a nifty app that lets you use your Apple Watch to flip back and forth between
slides in Microsoft's presentation software.
Voice commands
Get used to saying, "Hey, Siri." That's the command that calls up the voice command prompt on the
Apple Watch, which is the only way to input text on the device. Dictating a text message reply is
easy, but if you're in a quiet office, you might want to pull out your smartphone to fire off a reply.
You can do a lot by talking to your Apple Watch. I liked using it to set quick reminders, responding
to messages and looking up answers to simple questions. I was really frustrated to find that it's not
possible to send an email response using the Apple Watch, though. My guess is that Apple didn't
want users to get frustrated by the watch's imperfect voice recognition

Finger Print Recognition and Image Enhancement Using Matlab
A PROJECT REPORT
ON
"FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION AND IMAGE ENHANCEMENT USING MATLAB"
Submitted in partial fulfillment
Of the requirements for the award of the degree in
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
APPLIED ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY:
SHAKTI ABHISHEK– 0803112
SATISH GOYAL – 0803064
ROHIT DASH – 0803086
MD. IRFAN ARIF RAHMAN – 0803117
[pic]
DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION
ENGINEERING
GANDHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Odisha.
GUNUPUR, RAYAGADA DISTRICT, ODISHA, INDIA.
2011–2012
GANDHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
GUNUPUR, RAYAGADA DISTRICT, ODISHA, INDIA.
[pic]
DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION
ENGINEERING ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The obtained image is applied to a thinning algorithm and subsequent minutiae extraction. The
methodology of image preprocessing and minutiae extraction is discussed. The simulations are
performed in the MATLAB environment to evaluate the performance of the implemented
algorithms. Results and observations of the fingerprint images are presented at the end.
LIST OF FIGURES
PAGE NO.

Figure 1.1: Sample fingerprint image 2
Figure 1.2: Types of minutiae 3 Figure 1.3: Types of local ridge features 4 Figure 1.4: (a) Two
important minutia (b) Other minutiae features
Figure 1.5: Verification Vs Identification 4
Figure 2.1: Fingerprint scanning using optical sensor 5
Figure 2.2: Fingerprint scanning using capacitive sensor 8
Figure 2.3: Fingerprint scanning using ultrasonic sensor 9
Figure 3.2: Different steps

The Word-Pregnancy Model Of The Logogen Model
Word recognition is the reader's ability to correctly identify words without needing contextual aid.
People tend to recognize words faster if they are more frequent (i.e. more common in their everyday
language), a psychological phenomenon known as the word frequency effect. An example of a high
frequency word is "the", whereas "promiscuous", for instance, is a low frequency word. Similarly,
people tend to be better at correctly recognizing letters within words compared to isolated letters and
to orthographically illegal strings (i.e. nonwords, such as 'SUT'). This is known as the word–
superiority effect.
Many models attempt to explain the different phenomena that arose as a result of studying reading.
The logogen model (Morton, 1969) aims to explain the word–frequency effect in terms of low or
high thresholds. Each logogen contains a number of characteristics about given words, such as
meaning, appearance and sound. A logogen will be activated by psychological stimuli or contextual
information that triggers the most characteristics. When the activation level rises above the threshold
level, that word is selected. As there is no comparison between logogens, more than one response
can be triggered by one stimulus. High–frequency words (those most commonly used), have a lower
threshold, meaning that they require less perceptual power to recognize and decode from the mental
lexicon, than low–frequency words. Once the threshold is fired, the meaning

Nt1330 Lab 3.1
Fig. 3.1 Fingerprint scanning
Minutia points represent positions where friction ridges end abruptly or where a ridge branches into
two or many more ridges. A typical good–quality fingerprint template contains 20–70 minutiae
points; the actual number depends on the size of the finger sensor surface and how the user places
his or her finger on the sensor. The system stores the minutiae information position and direction
along with the user's demographic information as a template in the enrollment database. During the
identification phase, the user puts the finger on the same sensor, generating a new fingerprint image
or template called query print. Minutiae points are carried out from the query print, and the matcher
module compares the set of query minutia with the stored minutia templates or image in the
enrollment database to find the number of similar minutia points. Because of variations present in
finger placement and pressure applied to the sensor, the minutia points take out from the template
and query fingerprints must be lined up, or submitted before matching. After line up the fingerprints,
the matcher decides the number of pairs of matching minutiae–two minutiae points that have similar
location and directions. The system decides the user's identity by comparing the match score to a ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is an excellent fingerprint input device can be applied extensively in social security, public
security, attendance, fingerprint encryption, embedded, and many other applications. "R305"
miniature fingerprint scanner to automatically read the fingerprint image, and through a USB
interface to transfer digital images of the fingerprint to the computer–controlled technology to
support the Bio key SDK build out tools. Require authentication for laptop computers, desktop
computer or other personal computing devices, it is the ideal

Persuasive Speech : Automatic Speech Recognition
Automatic speech recognition is a tool that allows computers to translate spoken language into
written text. This technology can assist users in interpreting and using audio information for
applications such as transcribing interviews, human–computer interactions, and many more. Speech
recognition is an application the Ministry of Justice has expressed great interest in. They wish to
automate the conversion of voice recordings of inmate phone conversations to text, which can then
be analyzed for safety critical information. Currently, employees take time out of their regular duties
to transcribe the audio manually. This takes a considerable amount of time that could be redirected
to other important duties and is why a high functioning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These HMMs are used by the decoder to match audio features with a specific phoneme. The decoder
keeps track of the set of phonemes found until the audio reaches a pause, and then the system
searches the dictionary to construct a set of words that match the phonemes recognized. The
dictionary is simply the set of words to be recognized and the phonemes that make them up. The
language model is used in this process as well. Since the language model contains the probabilities
of words and word sequences it is used to constrict the dictionary search to words that are more
probable to occur [3]. Therefore, the word or words constructed with the highest probability are then
the next words in the transcript [4]. Figure 1 outlines the high level process of a speech recognition
engine.
This research project for the Ministry of Justice started with looking into the CMU Sphinx
automatic speech recognition software system. In particular Sphinx4 which is an open source
software system that is easy to supply different knowledge base models to tailor the recognition
results [6]. However, the baseline accuracy of the Sphinx4 system was less than desirable. The
baseline system, using the models provided, had an average WER of 81.70% over ten inmate test
files.
To improve on this, the first project was to research the benefits, if any, to modifying the provided
models to incorporate inmate

Fingerprint Identification
1. INTRODUCTION In order to protect users of computer systems and to secure network–based
transactions, demand is increasing for improved user authentication procedures to establish the
identity of an actual user and to bar access to a terminal to anyone who is unauthorized. Personal
identification using biometrics, i.e., a person's physical or behavioral characteristics has come to
attract increased attention as a possible solution to this issue and one that might offer reliable
systems at a reasonable cost. While traditionally this technology has been available only with such
expensive, high–end systems as those used in law enforcement and other government applications,
today many personal–level applications have also become ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
[pic]
Fig.1 Fingerprint–based personal Authentication
"SecureFinger", some actual examples of fingerprint–based personal identification systems and
large–scale fingerprint identification systems(AFIS). Fingerprint User Interface (FpUI), a new type
of application of this technology used to enhance human–machine interactions will also be
considered.
3. FINGERPRINT SENSING TECHNOLOGY:
A Fingerprint is a pattern of fine ridges and valleys (spaces between ridges) on the surface of a
finger and fingerprint sensor makes a digitized image of it. The sensing resolution is 500ppi (pixel
per inch; also known as 500dpi, i.e., dots per inch) in most cases, which is equivalent to 20 pixels in
1 millimeter. The obtained image size is typically in the range of between 300*300 and 512*512
pixels, which makes the area covering the fingerprint between 15 to 25 millimeters square.
FINGERPRINT SENSING TYPES:
a. Conventional prism–Type Optical Sensor
Optical sensors using a prism have long been used as a common (and formerly the only) capture
device. In them, the light from an LED illuminates a finger placed on a prism and its reflected image
is captured by a small, optical sensing device (e.g., a CCD or CMOS imager chip), as in Fig.2. This
device operates basically on the principle of

Semi Automatic Segmentation System For Syllables...
Semi–automatic Segmentation System for Syllables Extraction from Continuous Arabic Audio
Signal Mohamed S. Abdo*, 1 , Ahmed H. Kandil 2. 1 Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty
of Engineering, Minia University, Minia, Egypt. 2 Systems and Biomedical Engineering
Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. Bioengmsa@yahoo.com ,
ahkandil_1@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This paper introduces a double stage speaker independent
segmentation system for the breaking–up of Arabic spoken sentences into its isolated syllables. The
main goal is to implement an accurate system for the construction of acoustical Arabic syllables
database. Syllable–Based Arabic Speech Verification/Recognition is the prospective goal for this
work. The study experimented the employing of the template matching technique with a selected
acoustical features for the allocation of syllables with sharp boundaries. The proposed methods can
manipulate the explored features in two stages of decomposition to segment 2544 syllables from a
sample size of 276 utterances achieving segmentation consistency rate of about 91.5 %.
KEYWORDS Arabic syllables, Automatic Segmentation, Boundaries detection, Delta–MFCC
feature. 1. Introduction S ignal and information processing areas concerns the representation,
analysis, and communication of the information in various types of signals including audio, video,
and biological or sensory data. Speech and natural language processing (SNLP) is spreaded across

Speech Recognition : A Gift Of The Advancement
Speech Recognition feature is a gift of the advancement in technology in the modern world.
Through this technology, you can easily dictate your thoughts anywhere, by just speaking. The voice
to text translation software will convert the voice, acoustic signals into the text message, thus offer
the facility and reliability to the person using it. The person using voice to text translation feature
has to just speak and the software will catch the sound and enter it as text on the computer. This will
help people in giving instructions or writing the text at a faster rate and make them save their
precious time and energy. Voice to text feature used in the new artificial technology makes all the
things to get operated through the voice only. The feature in the business can help greatly and makes
the different official work performed with ease. There are many important and complex issues in a
business that can be easily done with the help of voice to text features. The different ways in which
it can improve the productivity of a business is as follows: Help to write the messages faster This
feature will help the client to write text messages at a faster rate. It helps both the client and
businesspeople to make an easy and faster conversation. If a representative or the business owner
has a good conversation with the client, then the chances are higher to get successful conversions
and earn some big bucks for the business. This will help in making the

Paper
CHAPTER 18 REVENUE RECOGNITION MULTIPLE CHOICE–Conceptual Answer No.
Description
c 1. Revenue recognition principle.
b 2. Definition of "realized."
a 3. Definition of "earned."
d 4. Recognizing revenue at point of sale.
d 5. Recording sales when right of return exists.
c 6. Revenue recognition when right of return exists.
d 7. Revenue recognition when right of return exists.
b 8. Appropriate accounting method for long–term contracts.
c 9. Percentage–of–completion method.
b 10. Percentage–of–completion method.
c 11. Classification of progress billings and construction in process.
b 12. Calculation of gross profit using percentage–of–completion.
a 13. Disclosure of earned but unbilled revenues. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
E18–70 Percentage–of–completion method.
E18–71 Percentage–of–completion method.
E18–72 Percentage–of–completion and completed–contract methods.
E18–73 Installment sales.
*E18–76 Franchises.
PROBLEMS Item Description
P18–77 Long–term contract accounting–completed contract.
P18–78 Long–term construction project accounting.
P18–79 Accounting for long–term construction contracts.
P18–80 Installment sales.
CHAPTER LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Apply the revenue recognition principle.
2. Describe accounting issues involved with revenue recognition at point of sale.
3. Apply the percentage–of–completion method for long–term contracts.
4. Apply the completed–contract method for long–term contracts.
5. Identify the proper accounting for losses on long–term contracts.
6. Describe the installment–sales method of accounting.
7. Explain the cost–recovery method of accounting.

*8. Explain revenue recognition for franchises and consignment sales.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OBJECTIVES BY QUESTIONS Item
Type
Item
Type
Item
Type
Item
Type
Item
Type
Item
Type
Item
Type
Learning Objective 1
1.
MC
2.
MC
3.
MC
55.
MC
66.
E
67.
E
4.
MC
5.
MC
6.
MC
7.
MC
67.
E
8.
MC
12.

MC
33.
MC
37.
MC
68.
E
72.
E
9.
MC
13.
MC
34.
MC
39.
MC
69.
E
78.
P
10.
MC

Packet Inspection Using A Hierarchical Pattern Matching...
Packet Inspection Using a Hierarchical Pattern Matching Algorithm
T. .Mukthar Ahamed
Academic Consultant
Dept. of CSE
YSR Engineering College of YVU
Proddatur, India tmukthar@gmail.com Abstract: Detection engines capable of inspecting packet
payloads for application–layer network information are urgently required. The most important
technology for fast payload inspection is an efficient multipattern matching algorithm, which
performs exact string matching between packets and a large set of predefined patterns. This paper
proposes a novel Enhanced Hierarchical Multipattern Matching Algorithm (EHMA) for packet
inspection. Based on the occurrence frequency of grams, a small set of the most frequent grams is
discovered and used in the EHMA. EHMA is a two–tier and cluster–wise matching algorithm,
which significantly reduces the amount of external memory accesses and the capacity of memory.
Using a skippable scan strategy, EHMA speeds up the scanning process. Furthermore, independent
of parallel and special functions, EHMA is very simple and therefore practical for both software and
hardware implementations. Simulation results reveal that EHMA significantly improves the
matching performance. The speed of EHMA is about 0.89–1,161 times faster than that of current
matching algorithms. Even under real–life intense attack, EHMA still performs well.
Index Terms– Inspection, Detection, pattern matching, network security, signatures.
1. Introduction: A variety of

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