Eye Disorder

1. resentation
on
Conjunctivitis

3. DEFINITION
 Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of
the transparent membrane ( conjunctiva ) that
lines the eyelid and covers the white part of the
eyeball.
 When small blood vessels in the conjunctiva
become inflamed, they’re more visible. This can
cause the white of the eyes to appear reddish or
pink. Also known as “pink eye”

4. RISK FACTORS
 Exposure to something for which the person have
an allergy.
 Exposure to someone infected with the viral or
bacterial form of conjunctivitis.
 Using contact lenses.

5. CAUSES
 Viruses
 Bacteria
 Allergies
 Foreign object in the eye
 In newborns, a blocked tear duct.

6. TYPES
1. viral and bacterial conjunctivitis may affect
one or both eyes.
 Viral conjunctivitis usually produces a watery
discharge. Bacterial conjunctivitis often produces
a thicker, yellow- green discharge.

7. TYPES
 Both viral land bacterial conjunctivitis can
be associated with colds or with symptoms
of a respiratory infection, such as a sore
throat.
 Both viral and bacterial types are very
contagious. It can be spread through direct
or indirect contact with the eyes secretions
of someone who’s infected.

8. TYPES
 Adult and children alike can develop both
of these types of pink eye.

9. TYPES
 ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS:
 It affects both eyes and is a response to an
allergy- causing substance such as pollen. In
response to allergens, the body produces an
antibody called immunoglobulin (IgE)

10. TYPES
 CONJUCTIVITIS RESULTING FROM
IRRITATION:
 Irritation from a chemical splash or foreign
object in the eye is also associated with
conjunctivis.

11. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Microbes enter the eye on contact with infected objects.
Inflammation of the eye
Dilation of blood vessels of eye
Swelling, redness, exudates and discharge

12. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
 Pain
 Tearing
 Itchiness in one or both eyes
 A discharge in one or both eyes that forms a crust
during the night that may prevent your eye or
eyes from opening in the morning i.e. exudation.

13. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
 Tear
 Photophobia
 Peri orbital cellulites
 Fever
 Sore throat
 Runny nose
 A gritty feeling in one o both eyes.
 Redness in one or both eyes (hyperemia)

14. ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS
 Complete history
 Physical examination
 Sample of eye secretion from the conjunctiva for
laboratory analysis.

15. MANAGEMENT
 Medical management for bacterial conjunctivitis
 Antibiotic eye drops or ointment

16. MANAGEMENT
 Medical Management For Viral Conjunctivitis
 There is no treatment for most cases of viral
conjunctivitis.
 The sign and symptoms should gradually clear on
their own.
 Antiviral medication may be an option if the
doctor determines that the viral conjunctivitis is
caused by the herpes simplex virus.

17. MANAGEMENT
 Medical management for allergic
conjunctivitis:
 Antihistamine
 Steroids and anti inflammatory drops

18. LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMEDIES
 Apply a compress to the eyes
 Try eye drops
 Stop wearing contact lenses
 Reduce exposure of light
 Avoid rubbing of the eye
 Clean the eyes using sterile water and cotton
swabs, from inner canthus to the outer canthus

19. LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMEDIES
 Use dark sunglasses is advised, in presence of
photophobia.

20. PREVENTION
 Practice good hygiene to control the spread of
pink eye.
 Wash hand often
 Use clean towel and wash it daily
 Change pillow cases often
 Don’t use eye cosmetics
 Don’t share eye cosmetics or personal eye care
items