India has diverse biomes like tropical rain forest (jungles), alpine forest, desert, marsh land, islands, deltas, savannas, scrub lands etc. Wildlife of India has been gifted by very diverse flora and fauna. It is our prime duty to conserve and sustain it for forthcoming generations. World is loosing one species everyday.

1. Wildlife Management
F.Y.B.Sc. Semester-II Course-III
Dr. Sudesh Rathod
Dept. of Zoology, B.N.B.

2. Wildlife of India
• India has diverse biomes like tropical
rain forest (jungles), alpine forest,
desert, marsh land, islands, deltas,
savannas, scrub lands etc.
• Wildlife of India has been gifted by very
diverse flora and fauna.
• It is our prime duty to conserve and
sustain it for forthcoming generations.
• World is loosing one species everyday.

3. Important wildlife of India

4. Reasons for decline in
wildlife
• Habitat destruction
• Industrialization
• Human greed
• Indifference and ignorance
• Hunting and poaching
• Ineffective enforcement of conservation
law

5. Concept of endangered and
critically endangered species by
IUCN (Red Data book)
• EX (extinct) no known individual existing
• EW (extinct in the wild) present only in captivity
• CR (critically endangered) extremely high risk
• EN (endangered) high risk
• VU (vulnerable) high risk of endangerment in wild
• NT (near threatened) likely to become endangered
• LC (least concerned) lowest risk
• DD (data deficient)
• NE (not evaluated)
• The term Threatened is generally used for critically
endangered, endangered and vulnerable taxa.

6. IUCN list (2014)
• 988 spp. of plants and animals as threatened.
• Critically endangered species is of highest risk
of extinction.
Five Criteria
• 1. Decline by greater than 80% over last 10 yrs.
• 2. have restricted geographical range
• 3. Less than 250 individuals and declining at
25% in 3 yrs.
• 4. restricted population less than 50.
• 5. high probability of extinction in wild.

7. Indian Govt. Wildlife
protection Act
• Six Schedules
• 1. Schedl I & II (2nd Part) full protection.
Highest punishment on conviction.
• 2. Schedl. III & IV less protected animals
• 3. Schedl. V Animals may be hunted with
prior permission.
• 4. Schedl. VI Plants are prohibited from
cultivation and planting.

8. Sanjay Gandhi NP
• Previously known as Krishnanagari NP….also
called as Borivali NP. Located in eastern part of
Mumbai. 104 sq. km Nearest airport Chhatrapati
Shivaji International Airport 18 km from NP. NH8
passes by the entrance of NP which is 0.9 km
away from Borivali Rly station.
• Known for 2100 yrs old Kanheri caves
• There is mini-zoo, crocodile park, deer park, lion
and tiger safaris, narrow guage toy train etc.
• Vihar and Tulsi lake
• Rich flora and fauna. 1000 plant spp. 250 birds; 40
mammals, 38 reptiles; 9 amphibians; 150
butterflies and several insects.

9. Mammals

10. Reptiles

11. Birds

13. Important

14. Tadoba NP
• In Chandrapur distt. In Andhari forest near
Gadchiroli. Oldest and largest NP one of the 48
project tiger reserves. Named after god ‘Taru’.
• It was created in 1955. 624.5 sq. km. hilly at 200
to 350m altitude.
• Andhari river contains muggars (marsh crocodile)
• Forest teak, haldu, tendu, babul, bamboo thickets,
semal, dhauda, beheda, hira, flame of forest etc.
• 63 tigers India's dense tiger population.

15. • Tadoba NP is most
densely populated
tiger reserve in
India

19. Mammals

20. Reptiles

21. Birds

22. Butterflies

23. Signature spider

24. Corbett NP
• Established in 1936. earlier known as Prince
Hailey NP. Nainital Distt. Of Uttarakhand. 528.8
sq. km. at an altitude of 450 to 920m.
• Dense deciduous forest, grasslands, sandy beds,
marshy places, with underground streams called
‘sots’.
• 488 spp. Of plants like Sal, haldu, peepal,
mango, babul, grasses form flats called ‘chaurs’.
• 50 mammals, 580 birds, 25 reptiles. Tiger,
leopard, jungle cat, fishing cat, jackal, porcupine,
elephant, buffalo, hog-deer, sambar, chital, sloth
bear, otter, yellow throated martin, common krait,
king cobra, gharial, soft shelled tortoise, mahseer,
goonch, trout etc.

26. Land of tiger

27. Fauna

28. Gharial

29. Goonch, trout & Mahseer

30. Kaziranga NP
• Golghat & Nagaon distt. of Assam along
Brahmaputra river. Nearest Airport Jorhat.
• 430 sq. km on the mudflats of Brahmaputra
river with tall elephant grass, reeds and
marshes. Elevated regions are called
‘Chapories’ used as refuge during flood.
• Forest includes grasslands, alluvial savanna,
tropical moist deciduous and semi-evergreen
forest.
• Home for Indian rhino, wild buffalo and swam
deer. Rhino population is 2,401 in 2015.

32. Elephant grass

33. Fauna

34. Great Indian Rhinoceros

35. Gangeticus dolphin

36. Hispid hare

37. Gir NP -Gujarat
• Located in Junagadh Distt. of Gujarat state.
Covers about 20,000 sq.km earlier it was
established in 1965 with only 258 sq.km of
area.
• Nawab Sir Rasul Khanji Babi declared it as
protected area for lion in 1900. present
population in 2015 is 523.
• Flora of dry deciduous and savannah. More
than 500 plant spp. Mostly teak and Acacia.
• 38 mammals; 300 birds; 37 reptiles and more
than 2000 spp. of insects.

38. Marsh crocodile
protection
• Initiated in 1977 in Kamleshwar lake and
other reservoirs.
• The livestock holders locally called as
‘Maldhari’ community in the vicinity of Gir
often conflict with lion. They poison lion to
get rid of them to save their cattle.

39. Asiatic lion- Panthera leo
persica

40. Girnari Vultures

41. Silent valley NP
• Palghat Distt Kerala
• Rain forest, 237 sq km., last tropical evergreen
forest, heavy rains 2800-3400 mm; hilly terrains
of western ghats.
• Cicadas
• Sairandhrivan
• Garden eden for students –Life science
• More than 100 spp. Of flowering plants; 110 spp
of orchids; medicinal plants, herbs.
• 500 spp butterflies & moths; 13 spp fishes; 22
spp amphibia; 31 spp reptiles; 292 birds; 34
mammals

42. Fauna
• King cobra; chameleon;
• lion tailed macaque-Macaca silenus
• malabar large-spotted civet; Viverra civettina
• imp. amphibians;: Bronze frog
• Rufous babbler
• Black and orange flycatcher
• Nilgiri langur;
• Otter
• Flying squirrel
• Giant squirrel
• When to visit Dec to April
• How: coembatore airport 155 km; Olavakkode Rly
station or Palghat Rly 75 km

44. Pirotan island Marine park
• Jamnagar Distt. Gujarat first of its kind, 1982
• 42 islands …….coral reefs area 3 sq km about 22
km from Bedi port.
• Flora Mangroves spp.
• Fauna:
• Octopus, puffer fish, dolphins, lobsters, various
crabs, star fish, jelly fish, sea anemones, corals,
• When Oct to April
• How: Bedi boats can be hired with govt permission

45. Pirotan island Marine park

47. Pirotan island Marine park

49. Coral reef
Corals have microscopic algae Symbiodinium
living inside body helping in feeding

50. • Dugong (Dugong dugong) cow of the seas

51. Keoladeo Ghana NP
Bharatpur Distt in Rajasthan
Keoladeo is Lord Shiva Temple
Duck hunting by Maharajas in winter season
Bird paradise
World heritage site by UNESCO and Ramsar
convention hot spot
• High temp 6.8 to 47.8 °C; rainfall 662 mm for
36 days only
• Flora: dry deciduous forest with grass
patches babool, khair, kadam, ber, kandi etc.

55. Marshy place

58. Bird paradise

59. Birds nesting

60. Fauna
380 spp of resident birds and migrants
• Siberian crane- Leucogeranus leucogeranus
• Blackbuck- Antilope cervicapra
• Golden jackal
• Jungle cat
• Visit: throughout the year; for Birds Aug to
Nov and migratory birds from Oct to Feb
• Delhi/Jaipur Airports; Bharatpur Jn Rly

63. Bandipur NP
Bandipur forest near Mysore (65 km).
Karnataka.
Established 1973 under project tiger
874 sq km; in Indian Deccan Plateau; covere
under Western Ghats.
• 24-28 C; moderate rains 800-1000mm
• Flora:
• Mixed forest rich in timber trees like teak,
shesham, sandal wood, bamboos.
Flowering, medicinal and fruiting trees.

65. Majestic one

66. Fauna
Indian elephants, gaur, tiger, mugger, four
horned antelope, Dholes,
Season March to July and Sept to Nov
How to reach: Mysore Rly 65 km or Ooty.
Nearest airport Bangalore (204 km)
Asian Elephant Elaphas maximus
• Red slender Loris Loris tardigradus

68. THANK YOU