The process of acquiring knowledge is essential to know in this age of knowledge explosion in twenty first century world

1. EPISTEMOLOGY
GOUTAM PATRA
ASST.PROF. GR-II,W.B.E.S

2. EPISTEMOLOGY –PROCESS OF
KNOWLEDGE BUILDING AND
GENERATION
‘Epistemos’-a Greek word means Knowledge
Source of knowledge- 1. Experience
2. Sense Perception
Locke- Knowledge is the interrelation of ideas
through the perception of mind
Indian philosophy;- process of generation of
knowledge depends on the combination of- sensory
organs, subject matter, mind, intelligence and soul
Source- perception, inference and analogy

3. • Western philosophy;-only perception
• Charbak philosophy- only perception
• Buddhist philosophy- perception and
inference
• Jain philosophy- No perception, only mind
and Sensory organs
• Sankhya philosophy-process of knowledge
building- 1.Sensory Contact 2. Impression
3. Mind and Intelligence reflect the
subject.

4. • Socrates- generation and building of
Knowledge through Analysis, judgement,
inner views and practice
• Plato- emphasized on intelligence and Reason
He divided man into 3 category
1. Intelligent person
2. Energetic person
3. Sensual person
Epistemology- Discussion of source of
knowledge, definition, experience, inference,
intelligence, memory, cognitive constructivism

5. KNOWLEDGE & SKILL
• Locke- Knowledge is the interrelation of ideas
through the perception of mind
• Knowledge is acquired through intelligence
• Experience is the source of knowledge
• Knowledge building depends on the procession
of information received from environment
• Knowledge can be constructed according to the
Cognitive constructivism
• Knowledge is centre point of learning process-
knoweldge-understanding-application

6. • Knowledge represents the lowest level of
learning outcomes in the cognitive domain
• Skill: It indicates the development of muscular
action and neuro-motoric coordination
• Skills concern with1.Reflex movement 2.Basic
–fundamental movement 3. Perceptual
abilities 4. skilled movement 4. Non-discursive
communication-Movement communication

7. Teaching and Training
• ‘A complex Process’ ‘interactive
communication’ ‘Art’ ‘Science’ ‘a creative
process’
• Teaching- ‘a kind of communication’ –Edgar
Dale
• ‘communication and projection of
experiences’-G.G Stern

8. DEFINITOIN
• BURTON: Teaching is the stimulation, guidance,
direction and encouragement of learning
• THOMAS: Teaching is the task of a teacher which is
performed for the development of a child.
• N. L. GAGE: Teaching is a form of interpersonal
influence aimed at changing the behavior potential
of another personal
• Michael Oakeshort: Teaching is two-fold activity of
communicating information and communicating
judgment.
• Ryburn: Teaching is a relationship which helps the
child to develop his powers
• B.O.Smith: Teaching is a system of actions intended
to induce learning…a tripolar process’

9. FIVE
PROCESESS
OF TEACHING
MAKING AND USING
KNOWLEDGE
TEACHING
WITH
STRATEGIE
S
CONTROLLI
NG
TEACHER’S
PERSONALIT
Y
CREATING
INTERPERSONAL
CLIMATE
SHAPING THE
SCHOOLS

10. TRAINING
• Training implies development of perfection of
skills and competencies
• It is a period bound process
• Its aim is to develop one or more skills
• The place of training is Training Institution or
workshop or training centre
• More emphasis on practical aspects
• It has fixed and limited methods and changes
from skill to skill
• Training environment is authoritarian

11. • No flexibility in methods
• Only proficiency in the skill of the profession is
tested
• Scope is limited to psychomotor dimension
only

12. • ‘Information’ is derived from a Latin word
‘informatio’ – ‘Informere’ means to instruct
mind or to shape the mind
• It is symbolic or non-symbolic
• It related to memory or beyond memory
• It enters into the sensory organs as input
• Dusenbery defines it in ‘Sensory Ecology’ as
casual input and energetic input
• Information is created, received and
maintained

13. Relation between Information and
Knowledge
• Information is processed data and knowledge is
such information which is usaable
• Information is necessary for generating
knowledge
• Knowledge is reflection of information patter
• Processing is needed to form knowledge
• Belief (PROVED BELIEF IS KNOWLEDGE)
• Trust-faith , Asuurance, hope
• Truth derived from self-judgement
• Imagination-Delusion –Paranoid scyzophrenia