This presentation aims to provide basic knowledge on India and people for students who want to do their assignment and gain knowledge on Hinduism for the beginner. Most of information is brought from the Wikipedia and pictures from internet. I would like to thank all those knowledge-donators.
2. India also known as the Republic of India is
a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest
country by area, the second-most populous country
(with over 1.2 billion people), and the most
populous democracy in the world.
The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban
Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd millennium BCE.
In the following millennium, the oldest scriptures
associated with Hinduism began to be composed.
Social stratification, based on caste, emerged in the
first millennium BCE, and Buddhism and Jainism
arose.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India
3. National emblem: Lion of Sarnath
The Emblem of India is derived from the time of the Emperor Ashoka. The emblem is
areplica of the Lion of Sarnath, near Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. The motto 'Satyameva
Jayate' inscribed below the emblem in Devanagari script means 'truth alone triumphs'.
4. State Man: Mahatama Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian activist who was the leader of
the Indian independence movement against British rule. Employing nonviolent
civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements
for civil rights and freedom across the world.
11. A brief introduction of India
Official language: Turkish
Spoken languages: Turkish, Kurmanji, Arabic,
Zaza, Kabardian and others
Capital: Ankara (largest city: Istanbul)
Currency: Turkish Lirra (IDR)
Population: 80,810,525 (2017) - 19th
Religion: Hinduism (79.8%); Islam (14.2%); Christianity
(2.3%); 1.7%) Sikhism, Buddhism (0.7%); Jainism (0.4%);
0.9% others
Colonized: U.K.
Nation's independence from the U.K. on 15 August 1947
12. India - Language. There are 22 major languages in India, written
in 13 different scripts, with over 720 dialects. The official Indian
languages are Hindi (with approximately 420 million speakers)
and English, which is also widely spoken.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UsWwOc_xSdo
13.
14.
15. National flower: Lotus symbolizes spirituality, fruitfulness,
wealth, knowledge and illumination
16. National animal: Royal Bengal Tiger
They are the world’s most beautiful wild animal and the second largest kinds of the tiger.
19. Hinduism
Om is a sacred sound and a spiritual symbol in Hinduism, that signifies the essence
of the ultimate reality, consciousness or Atman. It is a syllable that is chanted either
independently or before a mantra in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism
โอม เป็นเสียงศักดิ์สิทธิ์และสัญรูปทางจิตวิญญาณในศาสนาแบบอินเดีย นอกจากนี้ยังเป็นมนตร์
ในศาสนาฮินดู, พุทธ และเชน
Hinduism is the world's oldest religion, according to many
scholars, with roots and customs dating back more than
4,000 years. Today, with about 900 million followers,
Hinduism is the third-largest religion behind Christianity
and Islam. Roughly 95 percent of the world's Hindus live
in India.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Om
20. Hindu denominations are traditions within Hinduism
centered on one or more gods or goddesses, such as
Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma.
Trimurati
21. Shaivism is one of the major traditions called Saivam that
reveres Shiva as the Supreme Being. The followers of
Shaivism are called "Shaivites" or "Saivites" (it is one of the
largest sects that believe Shiva — worshipped as a creator
and destroyer of worlds — is the supreme god over all).
Shiva, Ganesha and Parvati
22. Vaishnavism (Vaishnava dharma) is one of the major
traditions within Hinduism along with Shaivism, Shaktism, and
Smarthism. It is also called Vishnuism, its followers are called
Vaishnavas, and it considers Vishnu as the Supreme Lord.
Vishnu and Lakshmi
23. An avatar - a concept in Hinduism that means "descent", refers
to the material appearance or incarnation of a deity on earth.
The relative verb to "alight, to make one's appearance" is
sometimes used to refer to any guru or revered human being.
25. In Hindu mythology, Saraswati is the wife of the great god
Brahma. However, according to some traditions, she was the first
wife of Vishnu. The latter, though, already had his hands full with
two other wives and so he gave Saraswati to Brahma. Wikipedia
27. Vishnu was married to Lakshmi (the goddess of
good fortune), Sarawati (the goddess of wisdom)
and Ganga (the goddess who is the personification
of the River Ganges). However, unable to live with the
quarrels between his three wives, Vishnu eventually
sent Ganga to Shiva and Sarawati to Brahma.
In some accounts, another wife of Vishnu’s is Bhumi-
Devi (goddess of the Earth). He is considered to live
in the city of Vaikuntha on Mt. Meru, where everything
is made of shining gold and fabulous jewels and
where there are lakes resplendent with lotus flowers.
https://www.ancient.eu/Vishnu/
by Mark Cartwright published on 25 November 2012
29. “Is Goddess Ganga God Shiva's wife?”
According to the Skanda Purana, Shiva marries both the daughters of
Himavan.These two daughters are Ganga and Uma(Parvathi). That is
one reason we call Ganesha as Gangeya .
In the Brahma Vaivarta Purana, it is mentioned that Lord Vishnu
has three wives namely Lakshmi , Ganga and Saraswati. All the three
wives love Vishnu dearly and constantly seek his attention. This lead to
quarrels among them. To avoid this, Vishnu kept Lakshmi for himself,
gives Ganga to Shiva, and Saraswati to Brahma .
In the Treta Yuga, Bhagiratha prays for Ganga to be brought to earth.
When ganga was ordered the same , she felt insulted and decides to
flood the entire earth. Knowing this , Bhagiratha prays to Shiva to save
them. Shiva appears in the way and traps Ganga in his hair locks . This
is another folklore behind the story of Ganga being the second wife
of Shiva.
https://www.quora.com/Is-Goddess-Ganga-God-Shivas-wife
33. Parvati is the Hindu goddess of
fertility, love, beauty, marriage,
children, and devotion; as well as
of divine strength and power.
Known by many other names,
she is the gentle and nurturing
aspect of the Hindu goddess Adi
Parashakti and one of the central
deities of the Goddess-oriented
Shakta sect.
She is the Mother goddess in
Hinduism, and has many attributes
and aspects. Each of her aspects
is expressed with a different name,
giving her over 100 names in
regional Hindu stories of India.
Along with Lakshmi and Saraswati,
she forms the trinity of Hindu
goddesses.
34. Shaktism is a major tradition of Hinduism, wherein the
metaphysical reality is considered metaphorically feminine
Adi Parashakti is supreme. It includes a variety of goddesses,
all considered aspects of the same supreme goddess. Shaktism
has different sub-traditions, ranging from those focused on
gracious Gauri to fierce Kali, and some Shakti sub-traditions
associate their goddess with Shiva or Brahma or Vishnu.
35. Along with Lakshmi (goddess of wealth and prosperity) and
Saraswati (goddess of knowledge and learning), she forms
the Trinity of Hindu Goddesses. Parvati is the wife of Shiva -
the destroyer, recycler and regenerator of universe and all life.
36. Maa Durga or Adi Parashakti or Maha Kali or Bhavani are the
different names given to the same Divine Shakti. She is the
consort of Shiv. Maa Durga represents Power or Shakti or Energy
of the Universe. She is Prakriti or Mother Nature. She is depicted
as female because in the natural world the female gives birth to her
children and plays the role of a Mother.
37. Smarta tradition is a movement in Hinduism that is notable
for the domestic worship of five shrines with five deities, all
treated as equal – Vishnu, Shiva, Ganesha, Surya and Devi
(Shakti).
38. Other Famous Gods and Goddess of Vaishnavism
Rama and Sita Krishna and Radha
39. Radha (Rādhā) is a Hindu goddess popular in the Vaishnavism
tradition. She is a milkmaid (gopi), the lover of the Hindu god Krishna
in the medieval era texts. She is also a part of Shaktism – the Hindu
goddess tradition. She is an avatar of Lakshmi.
47. Worshippers crowd the main stairway leading down to the Ganges, during evening prayer at
the Kumbh Mela festival in Haridwar, India, April 13, 2010. Nearly 10 million Hindus bathe in the
river during the annual Kumbh Mela Festival, believing that it will cleanse them of their sins.
48. Every year thousands of Hindu pilgrims from all over India flock to Gangasagar
Mela on Sagar Island in the southern part of West Bengal to take a holy dip at the
confluence of the Ganges and the Bay of Bengal.
49. Hindu devotees cremate bodies on the roof of a building after flooding
on the banks of the River Ganges in Varanasi, India.
50. The Ganges River flows from Rishikesh to Uttarkashi near the Tehri Dam.
The river is the main lifeline for over one billion people, yet pollution is threatening
its future. Peter McBride/National Geographic Creative