Traditional Thai musical instruments, used in Thailand's classical music, include a diverse range of wind, string, and percussion instruments. They are categorized based on the method of play (plucking, bowing, striking, and blowing) and the regional styles within Thailand. Notable examples include the grajabpi (fretted lute), taphon (barrel drum), and various stringed and percussion instruments from different regions.

1. Traditional Thai Musical Instruments (1/2)
(String and Percussion)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia and YouTube
Image credit: http://www.siamdontrithai.com/catalog.php?idp=959

2. Traditional Thai musical instruments (Thai: เครื่องดนตรีไทย)
are the musical instruments used in the traditional and classical
music of Thailand. They comprise a wide range of wind, string,
and percussion instruments played by both the Thai majority as
well as the nation's ethnic minorities.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: https://sites.google.com/site/arisara0824662140/home/ranad-xek

3. Image credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gong_and_Chime_Culture_Map.jpg
This map shows the extent of gong-chime culture throughout Southeast Asia.
Included are the three major genres of music prevalent in the region: this includes
the gamelan of western Indonesia, the kulingtang of the Eastern Indonesia, the
Southern Philippines, Eastern Malaysia, Brunei and Timor, and the Pipha of
Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Cambodia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulintang

4. In the traditional Thai system of organology, they are
classified into four categories, by the action used in playing:
Plucking (plucked string instruments; เครื่องดีด, khrueang dit)
Bowing (bowed string instruments; เครื่องสี, khrueang si)
Striking (percussion instruments and hammered dulcimer;
เครื่องตี, khrueang ti)
Blowing (wind instruments; เครื่องเป่า, khrueang pao)
Traditional Thai musical instruments also are classified into
four categories, by the region of Thailand in which they are
used.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments

5. String
Plucked
1. Grajabpi (กระจับปี่) - ancient fretted lute
2. Jakhe (จะเข้) - crocodile-shaped fretted floor zither with
three strings.The first two strings are made from silk,and the
last is made from bronze
3. Phin (พิณ) - three-stringed lute used in the Isan region of
northeastern Thailand
4. Phin phia (พิณเพียะ) - chest-resonated stick zither played
by the Lanna of northern Thailand
5. Sueng (ซึง) - plucked lute from the Lanna region of
northern Thailand
6. Phin hai (พิณไห) or hai song (ไหซอง) - a set of
earthenware jars with rubber bands stretched over the open
mouths
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments

6. String: Bowed
7. Saw duang (ซอด้วง) - higher two-string fiddle with
hardwood body; used in classical music
8. Saw sam sai (ซอสามสาย) - three-string spike fiddle with
coconut shell body; used in classical music; also known as
the most beautiful of the fiddles
9. Saw u (ซออู้) - lower two-string fiddle with a coconut shell
body; used in classical music
10. Saw pip (ซอปีบ or ซอปี๊บ) or saw krapong (ซอกระป๋อง)-
two-string fiddles with body made from a metal can; used in
the Isan region of northeast Thailand; saw krapong is smaller
11. Saw bang/Saw poo thai (ซอบั้ง) - a made from bamboo,
used in the Isan region of northeast Thailand
12. Salo (สะล้อ) - two- or three-string spike fiddle used in the
Lanna region
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments

7. String: Struck
Khim (ขิม) - hammered dulcimer was classified as an
idiophone (Chinese – Yangquin)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://singtakas.blogspot.com/2015/08/blog-post_36.html

8. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cD-c8qZqR_8

9. 1. Grajabpi (กระจับปี่) - ancient fretted lute [bowed]
The Cambodian version of the Krachappi, called chapey.
The two cultures use the same instrument.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krachappi#/media/File:Cambodian_musician_playing_Chapey,_1880.jpg

10. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7laHY4QLEw8&start_radio=1&list=RD7laHY4QLEw8&t=0

11. 2. Jakhe (จะเข้) - crocodile-shaped fretted floor zither with
three strings. The first two strings are made from silk, and
the last is made from bronze. [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: https://infograph.venngage.com/p/167779/4

12. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKeMg0E7s1k

13. 3. Phin (พิณ) - three-stringed lute used in the Isan region
of northeastern Thailand [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit:e-bay

14. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0W67apb6okA

15. 4. Phin phia (พิณเพียะ) - chest-resonated stick zither played
by the Lanna of northern Thailand [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit:http://musicbiw.blogspot.com/2015/11/blog-post.html

16. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9i9lIAhGXVw

17. 5. Sueng (ซึง) - plucked lute from the Lanna region of
northern Thailand [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: https://sites.google.com/site/memid308/home/kheruxng-dntri-thiy-phakh-henux

18. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=quCmO0vkcr8

19. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZnUMm59bMg

20. 6. Phin hai (พิณไห) or hai song (ไหซอง) - a set of
earthenware jars with rubber bands stretched over the open
mouths [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/developer1/thaimusic/99_pinhai/web/big3.html

21. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FV7NBAgh3Jw

22. Image credit: http://singtakas.blogspot.com/2015/08/blog-post_46.html
http://warichthaimusic.blogspot.com/2011/01/blog-post_9361.html
7. Saw duang (ซอด้วง – Huchin) - higher two-string fiddle
with hardwood body; used in classical music [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments

23. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EsKXkg5pVs

24. 8. Saw sam sai (ซอสามสาย) - three-string spike fiddle with
coconut shell body; used in classical music; also known as
the most beautiful of the fiddles. [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://www.donmusics.com/sawsamsai.html; & http://bansorthailand.com/product_view.php?id=8

25. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YawBWUKwXY

26. Image credit: https://global.rakuten.com/en/store/tirakita/item/id-sarang-5/ SAW U
9. Saw u (ซออู้) - lower two-string fiddle with a coconut shell
body; used in classical music [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Thailand

27. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VS9iwwbmCpI

28. 10. Saw pip (ซอปีบ or ซอปี๊บ) or saw krapong (ซอกระป๋อง)-
two-string fiddles with body made from a metal can; used in
the Isan region of northeast Thailand; saw krapong is smaller
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://culture.neu.ac.th/phumipayya-thxng-thin/phumipayyaphunthinsxkapibbannonrangdoybuycanthrphechrmeuxngley

29. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjCzAXXgua0

30. 11. Saw bang/Saw poo thai (ซอบั้ง) - a made from bamboo,
used in the Isan region of northeast Thailand [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/developer1/thaimusic/78_sawbang/web/big1.html

31. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upWe2FXXGi8

32. 12. Salo (สะล้อ) - two- or three-string spike fiddle used in
the Lanna (north) region [bowed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: https://sites.google.com/site/memid308/home/kheruxng-dntri-thiy-phakh-henux & https://th.wikipedia.org/

33. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2gAYj_Xlhg

34. Percussion
Drums
1. Taphon (ตะโพน) or klawng taphon (กลองตะโพน) - sacred
barrel drum; played with the hands and used in the piphat
ensemble and it is an membranophone
2. Taphon mon (ตะโพนมอญ) - large drum played with the
hand, used in the Piphat Mon
3. Glong thad (กลองทัด) - large drum played with sticks;
usually played in a pair and used in the piphat ensemble
4. Rammana (รามะนา) - frame drum; played with the hand
5. Thon (Thailand) - Goblet Drum; played with the hand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments

35. Drums (continued)
6. Glong thap (กลองทับ) - goblet drum used primarily in
southern Thai folk music, also used to create a beat in
southern that shows or Nora shows.
7. Glong khaek (กลองแขก) - barrel drum; played with the
hands and generally played in pairs
8. Glong songna (กลองสองหน้า) - barrel drum; played
with the hands
9. Glong yao (กลองยาว) - long drum; played with the hands
10. Poengmang khok (เปิงมางคอก), or simply poengmang
(เปิงมาง) - set of tuned drums used in the piphat mon
11. Glong chatri (กลองชาตรี) - same as Glong thad but
smaller, played with sticks; used in the piphat chatri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments

36. Drums (continued)
12. Glong banthoh (กลองบัณเฑาะว์) - smallest hourglass
pellet drum, like the Damaru and Dhadd in India; used in
the Royal Thai Brahmanism-Hinduism Ceremony or ritual
about the Thai Royal Family
13. Glong seng (กลองเส็ง), Glong ching (กลองจิ่ง), or Glong
tae (กลองแตะ) - large drum played with sticks; generally
played in pairs and used in competition in the Isan region of
northeast Thailand, particularly by the Phu Thai people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments

37. Percussion: Drums
1. Taphon (ตะโพน) or klawng taphon (กลองตะโพน) - sacred
barrel drum; played with the hands and used in the piphat
ensemble and it is an membranophone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://www.landco-sportland.com/product_music.php?categories=
Thai%20Musical&subcat=Percussion%20Instrument&Page=7&Page_spit=192&brands=&Type=
Image credit:https://www.123rf.com/photo_37829496_thai-classical-music-instrument-thai-drum-on-white-
background.html?fromid=Z2E0TUpGK3lNTXJhem9NQ0xWUmRSdz09

38. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAT1DnLbraw

39. 2. Taphon mon (ตะโพนมอญ) - large drum played with the
hand, used in the Piphat Mon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://119.46.166.126/self_all/selfaccess10/m4/art4_1/lesson3/p135_3.php

40. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsOOdJhIcB4

41. 3. Glong thad (กลองทัด) - large drum played with sticks;
usually played in a pair and used in the piphat ensemble
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://www.123rf.com/photo_38191644_thai-classical-music-instrument-thai-drum-on-white-
background.html?fromid=Z2E0TUpGK3lNTXJhem9NQ0xWUmRSdz09; and www.landco-sportland.com/product_
music.php?categories=Thai%20Musical&subcat=Percussion%20Instrument&Page=5&Page_spit=128&brands=&Type=

42. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4QjdDVORh8U

43. 4. Rammana (รามะนา) - frame drum; played with the hand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit:http://www.landco-sportland.com/product_music.php?categories=Thai%20Musical&subcat=
Percussion%20Instrument&brands=SIAM%20DONTRITHAI; & www.123rf.com/photo_37829495_thai-classical-
music-instrument-thai-drum-on-white-background.html?fromid=SHp2R0REQTBjNVppblB2cGw0eGhQUT09

44. 5. Thon (Thailand) - Goblet Drum; played with the hand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://www.123rf.com/photo_93394545_drum-musical-instrument-thai-or-tone-isolated-on-white-
background.html?fromid=Z2E0TUpGK3lNTXJhem9NQ0xWUmRSdz09 [Tone]; &
tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/opendream/instruments1/95_tone_rammana/web/big1.html

45. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDGlZL97lgI

46. 6. Glong thap (กลองทับ) - goblet drum used primarily in
southern Thai folk music, also used to create a beat in
southern that shows or Nora shows.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://www.landco-sportland.com/product_music.php?categories=Thai%20Musical&subcat=
Percussion%20Instrument&Page=5&Page_spit=128&brands=&Type=

47. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8EGdCVap7s

48. 7. Glong khaek (กลองแขก – Indian drum) - barrel drum;
played with the hands and generally played in pairs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/developer1/thaimusic/89_klongkak/web/big1.html
http://www.landco-sportland.com/product_music.php?categories=Thai%20Musical&subcat=
Percussion%20Instrument&Page=2&Page_spit=32&brands=&Type=

49. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2z94_ISpp1w

50. 8. Glong songna (กลองสองหน้า) - barrel drum; played
with the hands
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://เครื่องดนตรีไทย.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_29.html

51. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wllP7sKG8Uw

52. 9. Glong yao (กลองยาว) - long drum; played with the hands
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://www.landco-sportland.com/product_music.php?categories=Thai%20Musical&subcat=
Percussion%20Instrument&Page=2&Page_spit=32&brands=SIAM%20DONTRITHAI&Type=

53. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7RagnG9K6bw

54. 10. Poengmang khok (เปิงมางคอก), or simply poengmang
(เปิงมาง) - set of tuned drums used in the piphat mon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/opendream/instruments1/43_perng_mang_kok/web/big2.html

55. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qI3o1kueqc

56. 11. Glong chatri (กลองชาตรี) - same as Glong thad but
smaller, played with sticks; used in the piphat chatri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: https://th.wikipedia.org

57. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7qf_2X2vTc

58. 12. Glong banthoh (กลองบัณเฑาะว์) - smallest hourglass
pellet drum, like the Damaru and Dhadd in India; used in
the Royal Thai Brahmanism-Hinduism Ceremony or ritual
about the Thai Royal Family
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: https://www.facebook.com/1976145065964611/photos/a.1978982305680887/1978982309014220/?type=1&theater

59. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YTGAu978wNY

60. 13. Glong seng (กลองเส็ง), Glong ching (กลองจิ่ง), or Glong
tae (กลองแตะ) - large drum played with sticks; generally
played in pairs and used in competition in the Isan region
of northeast Thailand, particularly by the Phu Thai people.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/developer1/thaimusic/110_klongseng/web/big2.html

61. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNtdcC1G5kI

62. Percussion
Gong chimes
1. Khong wong lek (ฆ้องวงเล็ก) - higher gong circle;
comprises many small tuned bossed gongs mounted in a
rattan frame
2. Khong wong yai (ฆ้องวงใหญ่)- lower gong circle; comprises
many small tuned bossed gongs mounted in a rattan frame
3. Khong mon (ฆ้องมอญ) - set of many small tuned bossed
gongs arranged in vertical curved frame; usually primarily in
funeral music
4. Khong rang (ฆ้องราง) - set of eight tuned gongs suspended
horizontally in a straight frame; similar to the southern
Philippine kulintang; rare
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments

63. 1. Khong wong lek (ฆ้องวงเล็ก) - higher gong circle;
comprises many small tuned bossed gongs mounted in a
rattan frame.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/developer1/thaimusic/93_kongwonglek/web/big1.html

64. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCg4fP0LRu0

65. 2. Khong wong yai (ฆ้องวงใหญ่)- lower gong circle; comprises
many small tuned bossed gongs mounted in a rattan frame.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://www.landco-sportland.com/product_music.php?categories=Thai%20Musical&subcat=&Page=13&Page_spit=384&brands=&Type=

66. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaM-4dtEU4Y

67. 3. Khong mon (ฆ้องมอญ) - set of many small tuned bossed
gongs arranged in vertical curved frame; usually primarily in
funeral music
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/stocks/content/opendream/instruments1/60_kong_mon_wong_lek/web/big1.html
http://www.landco-sportland.com/product_music.php?categories=Thai%20Musical&subcat=&Page=
13&Page_spit=384&brands=&Type=

68. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hbR5avhBRg

69. View this musical instrument from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nw47od1OYMY

70. 4. Khong rang (ฆ้องราง) - set of eight tuned gongs suspended
horizontally in a straight frame; similar to the southern
Philippine kulintang; rare. Nowadays, it is not displayed in
Thai classical music.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
Image credit: http://www.thaigoodview.com/library/contest1/art04/09/htmls/crang.html

71. References
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
2. https://google.com
3. https://tminstrument.wordpress.com
4. http://khlui-lamphong.blogspot.com/p/blog-page_1.html
5. http://www.siamdontrithai.com/catalog.php?idp=959
6. http://krutri.samroiwit.ac.th/
7. http://www.landco-sportland.com/
8. http://tkapp.tkpark.or.th/
9. https://youtube.com
10. https://sites.google.com/site/peeranutpimyotha/hnwy-kar-reiyn-ru1
11. https://sites.google.com/site/memid308/home/kheruxng-dntri-thiy-
phakh-henux