wind turbine simmulation

1. ก ก F F 8
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ก F Fก ก F ก
Wind Turbine Simulator with a Separate Excite DC Motor
F * F F
ก ˂ ก F
39 F1 - ก ก 12110 F 0-2549-3567
E-mail : sr_bancha@hotmail.com,w_subsingha@hotmail.com
F
F ก F F ˂ ก ก F ก 1,000
F 220 F F (Speed Reference) F ก F F F DS 1104
F F F F ก PIC F PIC18F4431 ˈ
ก F ก ˈ ʽ ก F PI
F ก F F ก ʽ F ก F ก ˂ F
F 4 ก 2.5 m/s
ก ˂ 3 m/s 5.5 m/s
ก ˂ ก ก 9 m/s ก F F ก F F
ก F ก F F F F F
ก: F ˂ ก ก F ก, , F ก PIC
Abstract
This article presents the Wind Turbine Simulator with is drived by 1kw Separate Excite DC
Machine The input of the drive is controlled by wind turbine block set in Matlab/simulink of the via the
interface card real time DSP board (DS 1104 ) The DC drive control function is using the PIC micro
controller model PIC18F4431 which is implemented with PI control loop in order to fulfill in Armature
Voltage and Field control functions. The experiment is set into 4 level of a real time wind speed which is
fed into the dc drive .The 4 level of wind speed are 2.5 m/s which is the rotating/startup speed of wind
turbine, 3 m/s which is electrical power startup of wind turbine ,5.5 m/s which is the average wind speed
in Thailand and 9 m/s which is the maximum power speed of wind turbine that generate The experimental
resulted show that output motor speed is approximately equal to the reference speed in an acceptable
variation value.
Keywords: separate excite dc motor, Real-time, PIC microcontroller

2. The 8th
Conference of the Energy Network of Thailand
2-4 May 2012, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
ENETT8-RE24
2/8
1.
ˆ ก ก
[1] [2] F ก ก ก
Fก ก ก F ก F
ก ก ก ก
F ก
F
ก Fก F F
ก ก F
F F F ก
ก ˈ 2 F F ก ˈ ก
ก ก ก F
Wind Turbine Model F
F ˈ F ก
DC motor F ˈ ก
F F F F
Fก Real time
F DS1104 board
DC motor ก F F
F PIC 18F4431
1 F ก
2. ก F
2.1 (Wind Speed Model)
[3] ก ก
F F ก ก
ก ก
F F F
F F
ˆ 2 F
(ก) F ก ˈ F
ก F
( ) F ˈ F Turbulence
ˈ ก ก
F 2
2 ก ก
2.2 ก (Wind Turbine Model)
3 ก

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F ก F G = 1
gω = ω ก ก ก
F J = tJ + gJ B = tB + gB
F F
( )a eT T JD B ω− = + (1)
ก ก d
D
dt
=
ก F aT ˈ F F
F ก w F ก
ก F ก ก ก ก
F ก F ก ก ˂ ก
ก F ก ก 2
( )2 3
, ,
2
a p
p
P R v Cπ ν ω β= (2)
ก F ก
β F pC Fก
F ν ω F F ก F λ
F F (Tip Speed
Ratio) ก (3)
v
R
λ
ω = (3)
F 2 3
( )
2
a p
p
P R v Cπ λ= (4)
F a
a
P
T
ω
= F F
aT = 2
2
p
Rπ
3
v
ω
( )pC λ (5)
F v
R
λ
ω = F
aT 3 2
2
p
R vπ=
1
λ
pC ( )λ 3 2
2
p
R vπ= ( )TC λ (6)
F ( )TC λ =
( )pC λ
λ
ก F
( )pC λ ก F F ก
4 F F ก ( PC )
ก F (λ )
ก 3 ก ˈ
ก F
F ก F ก ก
(Disturbance) ก ก 6
ก ก ก F 5
5 ก ก ก
ก 5 F ก ก
ก ก F F ก
Matlab/Simulink F F ก F
pC F ก Look-Up Table ก
Matlab/Simulink F ก F pC F
กก Interpolation
2.3 F ˂ ก ก F ก
F ˂ ก ก F ก
(Separate excite dc motor) ˈ F F
˂ ก ก F
F 2 F ʽ F
ก F
F ก F F
F F ก F ก
ก ก
F ʽ F F F ก F
F ก F ก ก
ʽ F [1]
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
PowerCoefficient(Cp)
←0←5
Trip speed ratio
Power Coefficient of the Wind Turbine Simulator

4. The 8th
Conference of the Energy Network of Thailand
2-4 May 2012, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
ENETT8-RE24
4/8
6 Fก ก F ก
ก 6 ก F F
ก F ˅ ˈ ก F
[4]
a
a a a a g
di
V i R L e
dt
= + + (7)
g v fe K i ω= (8)
F a
a a a a v f
di
V i R L K i
dt
ω= + + (9)
ก F vK ˈ (V.s/rad). ก
ก 2 F
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )a a a a a v fI s I s R L sI s K I sω= + + (10)
ก ก 3 F F ˈ
( ) ( )
( )
a v f
a
a a
V s K I s
I s
sL R
ω−
=
+
(11)
ก 4 ก F
d L
d
T J B T
dt
ω
ω= + + (12)
ก ก 5 ก F
( ) ( )d t f aT s K I I s= ( ) 0LT s = F
( )
( ) t f aK I I s
s
sJ B
ω =
+
(13)
tK ˈ F (N.m/A).
F ( )aI s ก 10 12
ˆ กF F armature voltage ( aV )
F (ω) F ˈ
2
2
2
/( )
( ) ( )
1
t f a f
a v fa a
a a a f
K I R R Bs
V s K VL J L J
s s
R B R B R R B
ω
=
    
+ + + +    
      
(14)
ก F v tK K= F
2
2
2
/( )
( ) ( )
1
f a f
a fa a
a a a f
K I R R Bs
V s K VL J L J
s s
R B R B R R B
ω
=
    
+ + + +    
      
(15)
ก ก F F F 1
1 F F F
F F
˂ Va = 220 V
ก F F Ia=5.6 A
F F F Ra=2.2
F ʽ F Rf=400
F F F aL =0.015 H
F ʽ F fL =7H
Mechanical time constant mT =2.75 sec
Moment of inertia J= 2.92*10-3
kg. 2
m
Viscous friction coefficient B=37.77*10-3
N.m.s/rad
2 F F F
ก F ʽ ก
F PIC18F4431
ˈ F ก DS 1104 F
PIC18F4431 F ก ก
F F F F F F F
ก HyperTerminal F ก
ʽ F ˈ
F
ก F ก F F
F Kp Ki
ก F F 5 0.5
F F 1 0.02
ʽ F 1 0.005

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ก F F (set point,SV) F ก F
F ( Process value,PV)
7 ก ก ก
2.4 ก F F
forward converter
ˈ F F
30 kHz PWM 1
PWM 2 ก OPTO F TLP250 F
PWM ก F
PIC18F4431 F
F ก F F
IRFP460LC F 500 F
ก F 20 ˅ ก Fก
F drain source
F ก F F
ก ก 15 F -5 F
ก OPTO TLP250 ˈ F ก
ก F F ก ก
F ก ก F
ก F ก F
F
8 ก F F (Va)
9 ก ʽ F (Vf)
2.6 ก ก F Software
F F ˈ ก F
close loop control F F
PI Control F F F F F
ก F F ˂ F ก (set point, Sv) F
F ก F ˈ F ก F
(Current set point ,Is) F ก
ก F F PWM
(Manipulate value ,Mv) F
ก ก PI-Control [5]
1
( ) ( ) ( )ssv v c
i
M t M K e t e t dt
T
 
= ± + 
 
∫
(13)
ก F
Sv F ก DS 1104
Pv F F
Is F ก F F F กก
Iv F ก F
Mv 8 F F ก
0-255

6. The 8th
Conference of the Energy Network of Thailand
2-4 May 2012, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
ENETT8-RE24
6/8
1 F F ก F F ก F F ก
F กก ก F ก F
ก F vM ก
1 s verr I I= − (16)
1 1 2 1( ) [( ) / )]v v iM t M gain err err err T= + − + (17)
F vM ≥ 254 F vM F ก 254
F 1 ˈ F F
ก ก DS 1104
(Sv) ก 3 4
2 F F ก F กก F F ก
F กก ก F ก
ก F vM ก
1 v serr I I= − (18)
1 1 2 1( ) [( ) / )]v v iM t M gain err err err T= − − + (19)
F vM ≤ 1 F vM F ก 1
F 2 ˈ F F
ก ก DS 1104
(Sv) ก 3 4 ก 1
2 F ˈ ก ก ก F
3 4
3 ก F F F ก F
F ก DS 1104 (Sv) ก
F F ก F vM
ก
1 v verr S P= − (20)
1 1 2 1( ) [( ) / )]v v iM t M gain err err err T= + − + (21)
F vM ≥ 254 F vM F ก 254
4 ก F F กก F
F ก DS 1104 ก
F F ก F vM
ก
1 v verr P S= − (22)
1 1 2 1( ) [( ) / )]v v iM t M gain err err err T= − − + (23)
F vM ≤ 1 F vM F ก 1
5 ก s vI I= F v vP S= F
F
v s v v vM I I P S= = = = (24)
2.7 ก ก
F ก PIC C Compiler
F ก F ก
encoder F F ก DS
1104 F ก F F ก F
PWM ก
ก ก F F PWM
Va Vf
PWM = PWM + (Kp0 * error) + (Ki0 *
(error+error2) * dt); (24)
FPWM = FPWM + (Kp1 * error) + (Ki1 *
(error+error2) * dt); (25)
10 F ก F F
ก ก F ก
3. ก
3.1 ก F ก
Matlab/Simulink F ก F F
ก ก
Matlab/Simulink ก F F F
F ก F ก ก
ก Matlab/Simulink F ก F
ก F F F ก F
F F ก F Blade
Diameter F ก 2.7 m, F ก
1.225 kg/m3
4 1.

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ก 2.5 m/s 2.
ก ˂ 3 m/s 3.
5-6 m/s 4.
ก ˂ ก 9
m/s
12 2.5
m/s ก ก
13 3
m/s ก ก
14
5.5m/s ก ก
15 9
m/s ก ก
ก 12 F 2.5
m/s F 0.03 N-m 13 F
3 m/s F 0.4
N-m 14 F 5.5 m/s
F 0.9 N-m 15 F
9 m/s F 1.9
N-m F F
Fก
3.2 ก ก F
F ˂ ก F ก F
F DS1104
16 2.5 m/s
17 3 m/s
18 5.5 m/s

8. The 8th
Conference of the Energy Network of Thailand
2-4 May 2012, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
ENETT8-RE24
8/8
19 9 m/s
3 F 16-19
(m/s)
F F
2.5 (sv) 506.15 10.36 0.84
F (pv) 506.45 11.20
3 (sv) 561.52 11.65 4.54
F (pv) 560.39 16.19
5.5 (sv) 837.49 11.41 1.57
F (pv) 838.39 12.98
9 (sv) 1194.52 39.64 4.77
F (pv) 1193.46 34.87
4. ก
กก ก F F F ก
Hyper Terminal ก
F F กก ก ก F
2.5 m/s 3m/s 5m/s ˈ F
ก F F F
F F F F ก 0.84 4.54 1.57
9 m/s ˈ F ก
ʽ F F F F
4.77 F F F F
ก F F F F F
ก ก F ก F ก
ก F
5. ก F
[1]R.II.Ovando,J.Aguayo, M. Cotorogea Emulation
of a Low power Wind Turbine with a DC motor in
Matlab/Simulink Centro Nacional de Investigaciòn
yDesarrollo Tecnològico (CENIDET)Departamento
de Ingenierìa Electrònica Interior Internado
Palmire s/n Apdo. 5-164. C.p.62050,Cuernavaca,
Morelos, México Tel.: +52 (777) 3 62 77 70
[2] F ก F F.
(2547, ก ก - ).
, . 12 (2) .
57-73.
[3] F F
F F ก F F
F ก F F DS
1104 ก F ก ก ˂
2(5-6
ก F 2553 ) F
[4] Sasiya Udomsuk, Tidarut Areerak, Kongpol
Areerak and Kongpan Areerak, Power
Loss Identification of Separately Excited DC
Motor Using Adaptive Tabu Search , European
Journal of Scientific Research, Vol.60, No.4
(2011), pp.488-497.
[5] กF , ก
Fก ʽ F
ก visual basic. .
ก , 2549