Media

1. UNIT 14 DIGITAL MAGAZINE PRODUCTION
SOPHIE PRIOR

2. LIFESTYLE MAGAZINES

3. DIGITAL MAGAZINES

4. COSMOPOLITAN, GQ AND ELLE - LIFESTYLE MAGAZINES
Genre:
The genre for lifestyle magazines are to interest and pull the reader in to read about fashion, beauty,
relationships, culture, grooming, celebrity gossip, home and more. The main focus of these magazines is to
show the interest and basic needs of people.

5. CODES AND CONVENTIONS OF LIFESTYLE MAGAZINES
FRONT COVERS
The barcodes are typically at the bottom of the
magazine and the price may be underneath it, on top
of it or possibly on the side. However, the price can
vary depending on where the magazine editors have
put it. The price is just used to indicate to the reader
how much it is.
Using a celebrity for the main image on the magazine is
used to portray the main content of what the magazine
has to offer. By having a celebrity, it allows the
magazine company to reach out to fans to encourage
them to read about their favourite celebrities. If the
magazine uses a cover model, then it may be used to
illustrate what the model is wearing or possibly the
makeup (usually something related to the content).
The mastheads for lifestyle magazines are seen to be
big and clear. The masthead is usually at the top and
depending on each article, the colour may change but
the font of the masthead should always stay the
same. On this magazine example, the masthead is
behind the main image but it still be enough for it to
be readable.
Font types on lifestyle magazine are all different
since the font changes depending on the brand of
the magazine. However, they usually have the two
main fonts for the masthead which are, serif and
sans-serif. The font type for the masthead is in
serif.
Cover lines on the front cover of magazines
are intended and to try and sell to the
reader what you will expect to find in the
magazine. They are used to give a slight
preview into the magazine content. The
cover lines are chosen to be related to the
target audience in some way by advertising
topics that relate to them e.g. fashion,
beauty, sex and more.
The strapline is in the
font sans-serif.
The straplines are used to entice the reader into the
magazine by showing them what the magazine has to
offer. They are also used to show if there’s anything
extra in the magazine.
The majority of this magazines coverlines are in the font
sans-serif. The coverlines and straplines are also in a basic,
simple font that’s in black writing which makes it very clear
on the pink background. Using the pink background, it
appeals to the audience due to the fact it’s a very
stereotypical colour for young females. This coverlines also
have different sized fonts and are sometimes in italics to
make it look more pleasing.

6. CODES AND CONVENTIONS OF LIFESTYLE MAGAZINES
PAGE LAYOUT
Headings on magazine pages are
used to clearly show what the story
is about. As well as this, the main
point is to make the headlines
intriguing to grab the attention of
the reader to make sure that they
want to read the story. The
headlines should also be visibly
appealing and big to attract the
readers attention.
Page numbers are used for the
reader to know what page they are
on. If the magazine has a contents
page, then they may use the
contents page to find out what
page number to go on. Folios can
be a publication logo, date, month,
section title or web page and
should be on nearly every page of a
magazine.
Columns help to order and
structure the design and
layout of a magazine. When
writing a main story, it
should normally have two
columns to make it look
more readable and
important. Stories that are
not very important, may have
four columns due to the fact,
the columns will be more
narrow than wide.
White space is the
area that is in between
the design elements,
and the space within the
separate design
elements. The white
space can be any colour,
pattern or image on a
magazine and it helps to
stop the pages looking
crowded and busy.
Grids help to divide the content
into columns or modules to help
the designers arrange what will go
on the page and how to style it.
The grids are not visible but help
to make sure the content is
aligned on the pages in the best
way possible.

7. CODES AND CONVENTIONS OF LIFESTYLE MAGAZINES
PAGE LAYOUT
The colour on this page is
very bright and to possibly
create a happy feeling and
mood for the reader. If it is
a summer issue, then it
may create a summery
and warm feeling by using
the bright blue, yellow and
pink. However the colour
is not over used since the
typography colour is black
which is simple and
readable. However using
the pink sub headings,
brightens the page up.
The headline of the story, is in the font
serif which is big and pretty which is
excellent for the target audience of the
magazine. Where as the intro and
contents, are in the font sans-serif but are
also in black writing. Putting these
elements in sans-serif is a good idea since
the typography is much smaller than the
heading so if it was in serif, it would look
very squished and messy.
The subheadings are
bigger than the text
because it allows it to
stand out and
enables the reader to
know what they are
about to read about.
The pull quote is in serif since it could
be the most interesting parts of the
story which can be emphasised. They
need to be big and attract attention so
by putting borders around them is a
good way to catch the readers attention.
A lifestyle magazine usually talks about
fashion, beauty, health care, fitness, culture,
decorating, leisure and more. In this
example the magazine is talking about
confidence in your own body which may be
attracted to more of a female audience who
are in the ages 18-30. The content may
include things such as the types of clothes
and make up you may want to wear to feel
good about yourself. It could also include
lifestyle changes to encourage people to be
more motivated as well as changing for the
better. This could be help them feel more
confident and happy about themselves.

8. CODES AND CONVENTIONS OF LIFESTYLE MAGZINES
FRONT COVERS – GQ
Barcodes. For GQ, the barcode
seems to be at the left hand
bottom corner a long with the
price so the reader knows how
much it will cost.
Main Image. Celebrities are often used to attract
fans to read the magazine and to show what the
main content is about. Using Michael Jordan can
encourage the target audience to pick it up due to
the fact, he is a very well known celebrity and are
also some people’s idols. People who are fans of
Michael and basketball will be tempted to pick it
up. It can also encourage readers on how to dress
stylishly like Michael.
Mastheads. The masthead is very big and bold to
illustrate the brand of the magazine. Due to this
magazine brand only being two letters, it allows for
the masthead to be quite big since it is not an overly
long word. The masthead for GQ are always on the
top left corner and the colours change depending on
the style of the magazine. As well as this, the main
image is behind the masthead but it is still visible and
bright enough for people to see it.
Strap lines. The straplines are used to show
the reader what the magazine has to offer.
Therefore by portraying that this magazine
has the ‘coolest looks’, it can attract the target
audience to those who really like fashion.
Cover lines. These are used to show the
reader what you can expect to find in this
magazine as well as some persuasion
and guidance. In this example, they are
telling the reading that if you were to
read this magazine, then you will throw a
really good party.
The majority of the fonts on this magazine
cover are in sans-serif. This is to make it look
bold and simple which can easily attract to
the target audience of men who are quite
young. The mast head, cover lines, date and
strap lines are in sans-serif.
The font for this strapline is in serif
which is more of a fancy and elegant
font. This is used for this strapline
since they mention black ties which is
very formal so using serif, is very
appropriate
Although it’s hard to see, the GQ magazine
offers a slogan which is used to represent
the magazine and allow for the target
audience to remember it.

9. CODES AND CONVENTIONS OF LIFESTYLE MAGZINES
PAGE LAYOUTS – GQ
Normally the headings should be
really bold so it immediately attracts
the attention to the reader however, in
this case, GQ had made the headline
quite small and not very eye catching
for the reader. Although the heading
is presented in a stylish way, due to
the colours and the serif font, it
doesn’t catch enough attention for the
reader.
The headline for this page of the GQ
magazine, is put above the heading which
would possibly attract more attention that
then heading. The headline is quite big
and is also in the same colour as the rest
of the story which is also not an ideal
design element since it blends in quite a
lot. However, Channing Tatum’s name is
highlighted in bright yellow which can
bring attention for the reader.
The page numbers and folio can be
found at the bottom right corner of
this page. This is used to help the
reader navigate what page they are on
especially, if they use the contents
page to get to this article. In this
example, the folio is used to show the
date of the publication and the GQ’s
The columns are structured for the
design and layout of the magazine as
well as, to help the structure of the
story. This columns are neatly organised
to show a full story. There are no sub
headings which can instantly highlight
that it may not be an interview on
Channing Tatum.
Grids are not visible but it helps the
editing process to decide on the
design and layout of the pages. As
well as this, another main point is
used to layout the story and the
columns.
White space helps to separate all of the
design elements to make it look a lot
more neater and spaced out. Using
white space, helps the magazine to not
look busy and crowded.

10. CODES AND CONVENTIONS OF LIFESTYLE MAGZINES
PAGE LAYOUTS – GQ
On this page, the colours are very
limited to white, grey and black. This
might be to make the magazine look
more sophisticated and ‘gentleman
friendly’ since the target audience is
mainly aimed at men. However, the
colours may be used to make it look
sophisticated since Channing Tatum is
dressed in a suit. The occasional use of
colours ,which are red and yellow, are
colours that are aimed or a
stereotypically seen to be more
appealing to men.
The typography on this page of the
magazine, are all in serif. This may
be because serif seems more
appealing in this instance for the
audience due to it being more of a
sophisticated and fancy font. The
font seems to fit to the theme since
Channing Tatum is dressed in a suit.
Furthermore, the big C on the page,
is also in serif but might be used to
address and show how important
Channing Tatum is in this story. As
well as this, GQ is seen to be a
gentleman's magazine so by
Channing Tatum being dressed like
a gentleman, it can allow the
readers and target audiences to do
the same. The target audience may
be encouraged to dress more
formally and be seen like a
gentleman.
The content in this story is all about
Channing Tatum and his work as well as
the films he’s been in. This can connect
with the target audience due to the fact,
many of the young readers may be
inspired by Channing Tatum especially
with his life and his looks. By reading
this, it could inspire them to be more
like him. The content can also be used
to connect fans of Channing Tatum to
the story. Fans would want to read
about the films he’s been in as well as
the up and coming films he’s starring in
if they’re really interested in his acting
The story could allow the target audience
who are interested in films, to be
engrossed in what Channing Tatum does
in and out of work as well as those who
are really interested in Tatum. The
content will allow readers to watch the
films he has been in or any up coming
ones since they have been promoted in
this story.

11. DIGITAL MAGAZINES
FRONT COVERS
On the Elle and GQ
apps, The page layouts
are relatively nearly the
same as print magazine
covers. Between both
print and digital
magazine covers, there
are only a few
differences.

12. DIGITAL MAGAZINES
FRONT COVERS
Compared to the print issue, the
masthead appears to be on top
of the main image but it may be
due to how the editors wanted to
present this cover
The digital magazine cover, has a barcode
which could suggest that it’s just a photo of
the magazine cover that has been uploaded
since barcodes aren’t essential when buying a
magazine on a phone or tablet.
Coverlines still appear to be
on the sides of the magazine
just like the print magazine.
The main image still takes up the
majority of the room and is the main
centre of attention.
The straplines are at the
bottom for this particular
magazine cover but this
could be due to the
design of the magazine
and not the digital aspect

13. DIGITAL MAGAZINES
FRONT COVERS
The masthead on the digital magazine is
still in the same place as the print
magazine but it is just in a different cover
due to the magazine theme.
The digital magazine still has a
main image of the celebrities
featured in the magazine.
On the digital magazines, there are
no barcodes due to the fact, the
magazine does not need to be
scanned when it is bought on a
phone or tablet.
One of the main cover lines,
is in the middle of the
magazine. This may be
because of the amount of
information so it can’t all fit
on the side or, it’s due to
how it’s presented digitally.
Some of the straplines and
coverlines are still featured on
the side of the magazines just
like o the print magazine.
The slogan for GQ is
underneath the
masthead.

14. TARGET AUDIENCE: ELLE AND COSMOPOLITAN
The main target audience for Elle and Cosmopolitan would be a female
audience with the age range between 18-34. The avatar on the left can
demonstrate an example to what the target audience may look like. If we were
to categorise them on the 4Cs scale, then she may be in the category of an
explorer, reformer and possibly an inspirer. This is because both of these
groups are aimed towards the young audience where they like to try new
brands and keep up with the latest trends. As well as this, if we were to
categorise her on the NRS scale, we might put her as a D. The reason for this is
because due to her being quite young, she may not have a lot of experience
with working and could be at a low level job. The avatar has the age of a 23
female who has the occupation of working in retail specifically, in a clothes
shop. Her hobbies include, fashion, make up, interior design, cooking and
keeping up with the latest celebrity gossip. The clothes she wears are smart
casual so she could go from wearing trousers and a nice top to wearing jeans
and blouse with heels. Furthermore, she has an interest in animals, social media
and travelling around the world. Despite graduating from university a year ago,
she is still living with her parents in a detached house since she is trying to save
money and find a job that is similar to her degree in interior design.

15. TARGET AUDIENCE: GQ
The GQ magazine target audience is mainly aimed at men between the age
of 18-25. The avatar on the left can highlight the typical target audience to
GQ. If we were to categorise them on the 4C’s scale, then he may be seen as
an explorer, reformer and an aspirer. The reason for him to be categorised
into these sections is due to the fact the target audience for this magazine is
aimed at very young men. The man in this age range may have just started or
finished university or are currently employed somewhere but might have a
low level status in that field. On the NRS scale, he may be classed as a D or a
C2. This is due to the fact they are aimed at working class people and if he
was to not go to university, then he may be quite skilled at a job he’s been at
for a couple of years. The avatar is 24 years old and he is currently working as
an engineer. His hobbies include, cars, gaming and fashion. The interests he
has are rap and pop music, getting the latest gadgets and using snapchat.
The style he wears is very casual since he would normally wear jeans and a
top. However if he was to go out for dinner, then he would wear smart
trousers and a patterned top with Molton Brown aftershave to top it off. He
lives in a small apartment in the town where he went to university and drives
a Vauxhall corsa.

16. ELLE PURPOSE:
Elle is a magazine that is sold all around the world with it originating from France. The main purpose of this
magazine is to focus on health and beauty, fashion and entertainment. As well as this, the magazine helps to
inspire women to help explore and celebrate their lives in some kind of way.
On this magazine Elle front cover, it suggest the best
swimsuits and a hair product that seems to be amazing. This
helps to connect with the audience since it shows affordable
products that will be good for the target audience since the
age category is very young. As well as this by having it on the
front page, it will help to draw the target audience attention
since it shows an interest to those in beauty and fashion
Another example for Elle, is this magazine cover which
highlights anxiety and music. This can help the target audience
a lot to those who have a mental illness, especially anxiety. By
portraying this, it shows a more caring side to a fashion
magazine which is good for the audience to see something
other than only fashion. The article also shows ‘women in music’
which can show how powerful women are which could inspire
and build the confidence of the target audience to be like these
musicians.

17. ELLE CONTENT:
 https://www.elle.com/fashion/trend-reports/g26147053/fall-bag-trends-2019/
On the Elle website, you are able to look at the type of categories you are
interested in which can include fashion, beauty, culture, life and love etc. When
selecting one of these topics, you are able to select a sub category that you are
interested in. In this example it is in fashion and then trends. The content
produced from this story, is to help the target audience keep up with the latest
trends during the autumn season. The five examples are highlighted as the
‘biggest’ which can convey to the audience that these bags are a must have
and it is definitely something you should buy. This article can therefore connect
with the target audience who are especially interested in fashion. This is due to
the fact, Elle is connecting with the audience by recommending them on what
they should have to keep up with the latest trends. As well as this, they have
also recommended bags that are at different prices to suit those who have a
more expensive taste and those who would rather spend a smaller amount.
$52
$1495

18. COSMOPOLITAN PURPOSE:
On the front cover of a cosmopolitan magazine, it interests the reason by using an interrogative
sentence to catch readers attention if they drink wine a lot and if they are insecure about a certain ‘wine
face’. This can illustrate how the target audience appeals to those over 18 and are middle ages since
they are able to drink. However, it can also show how the target audience can apply to those who are
middle aged due to the fact, it is stereotypical for middle aged women to drink a lot of wine. The
magazine also makes the audience feels comfortable since they are reassuring the reader that they, and
other people, also have a wine face. Although it could be seen as not helping women love themselves, it
does show that the magazine are trying to help people and show them that wine faces are okay but we
will help you fix it if you are insecure about it. This means that the magazine can really help those who
are not very confident with their ‘wine face’.
Another example for the way the purpose of cosmopolitan connects with
the audience, is by recommending the target audience who are interested
in makeup and beauty. Cosmopolitan clearly highlights that they tried the
‘best beauty buys’ which can immediately encourage the reader to read the
story because if the reader like makeup a lot, then it can instantly get their
attention to see whether or not Cosmopolitan recommends the best beauty
products. Furthermore, the magazine also tried the products which can
indicate that they care about their readers and shows that they don’t want
them to waste their money on products that are not very good. This can
highlight that Cosmopolitan also wants to recommend the readers the best
products if they really are that good.

19. COSMOPOLITAN CONTENT:
On the cosmopolitan website, you are able to easily see the most
popular categories at the top as well as other categories on the three
lines next to the cosmopolitan logo. This post is on the ‘body’
heading. The post helps to attract the target audiences attention to
those who are into fitness or to those who want to get into shape.
The story is also good since it tells the audience that these are ‘at-
home workout[s]’ which can also appeal to those who can get anxious
when they work out at the gym. Since it was posted in January,
cosmopolitan saw it as a good story to publish since many peoples
new years resolutions is to get fit. Therefore, this story will be very
popular towards the audience who wants to get fit or loose weight.
https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/body/fitness-
workouts/g15169844/most-popular-workout-videos-
youtube/

20. GQ PURPOSE:
On the front cover of a GQ magazine, GQ appeals to the target audience by
advertising watches and jewellery as well as some vintage pieces. This can help to
connect to the target audience due to the fact, watches are an accessory that is
closely associated with men since they really like to wear them. Furthermore,
jewellery has also been quite popular with men over the years due to earrings,
necklaces and rings now also being associated with men. This magazine cover
line, can attract men who like accessories such as watches and jewellery or to
those who might want to step out of their comfort zone. As well as this, the
magazine are also promoting and advertising the jewellery and watches brands
which can encourage the audience to go out and buy them.
Another cover line on the GQ magazine is to encourage the target
audience to get the ‘coolest shoes’ so they can update their fashion
status and keep up to date on the latest trends. Using this cover
line, it an promote the different types of shoes that men should
wear to be seen as really ‘cool’ and ‘fashionable’. Furthermore, the
magazine also appeals to the audience who idolise or like Ryan
Gosling. By informing the audience that Ryan Gosling wears the
‘coolest shoes’, it also promotes Ryan Gosling himself as a
fashionable man as well as the shoes they have to offer. Therefore,
the magazine advertises the shoes for the audience to go out and
buy.

21. GQ CONTENT:
The content produced on the GQ website appeals to the target audience of
men. The website allows us to select the categories that we are interested in
by clicking on the three lines next to Britain on the top right hand corner.
This story is under grooming which is already a term that is used for males.
The story is produced to give advice on skincare as well as recommending
men on what skincare to buy. It is known for men to not know a lot about
skincare so by writing a story on skincare, it can promote the idea of
looking after your skin as well as promoting the products. Due to the
audience being in between the ages of 18-25 it is especially important for
them to care about their skincare now since they are at an age of partying
and drinking which can be damaging to the skin. Furthermore, this story
also allows them to connect with the audience by illustrating that this is the
‘perfect skincare’ for winter which will encourage the target audience to
take an interest in this.

22. PRINT AND DIGITAL MAGAZINES AFTER PRODUCTION
Costs:
The cost when buying a print magazine can range in price depending on the magazine. Cosmopolitan magazines on
average, are around £2 per magazine when buying it in a shop. Elle ranges from £3-£4 and GQ, around £4. Where as, if
we were to look at a digital magazine to buy, Cosmopolitan is £1.99, Elle is £4.99 and GQ is £2.99. This can illustrate that
buying a single copy of a magazine is much cheaper than buying a print magazine this may be due to the fact, print
magazines require printing, shipping, editors and designers etc. Although the print magazine will still have specialist
people, the magazine will just be put online rather than being sold to businesses, which makes it a lot cheaper. However
when comparing the subscription of cosmopolitan and Elle print and digital magazines, the deals that have been offered
equal out to the be the same. Which means that when looking at the subscriptions there’s no difference in price for print
and digital. GQ has options for a print subscription over 12 months as well as for the digital copies. The print copies are
at £29 whilst the digital subscriptions are £29.99 meaning, the digital subscription is 99p more. In order to produce a
digital magazine you would have to chose between replica and reflow. Replica allows for a whole page to be produced at
once and also offers a PDF version of the print magazine where as, reflow fits the text and elements nicely on the screen
and allows to be interactive with the reader. Replica is seen to be the easier and less expensive option since the costs are
mainly for the app or website or both. However for extra features, costs will occur and can depend on the number of
issues. Reflow is much more complicated and are also quite expensive. Reflow is created on word press and then are
converted into PDF files. The costs can depend on the issue.

23. ELLE: COSMOPOLITAN: GQ:

24. PRINT AND DIGITAL MAGAZINES AFTER PRODUCTION
Distributions
Once the magazine is finalised, the magazines are sent to be printed. The magazines are normally printed by sheet or by web-offset and if
there are a lot of issues, then it is likely to be printed on gravure presses where as magazines that don’t have a lot of copies, can be
printed on inkjet presses. Cosmopolitan and Elle magazine are both under Hearst Magazines UK. Hearst is the trading name of the
National Magazine Company and publishes Elle and Cosmopolitan as well as 21 other magazine brands. Cosmopolitan and Elle digital
and print magazines can both be bought on the Hearst website and sell over four million magazines a month and have 17 million digital
magazine users (all magazines that they publish not just Cosmopolitan and Elle). Therefore the company Hearst, are likely to print the
cosmopolitan and Elle magazines for them to be distributed across the country in shops and online. However, GQ is part of another
company called Condé Nast. Condé Nast produces world leading print, digital, video and social brands which specialises in magazines like
GQ, Vogue, Vanity Fair and more. GQ magazines will therefore be printed by the company Condé Nast once the magazine is fully
completed.

25. PRINT AND DIGITAL MAGAZINES AFTER PRODUCTION
Opportunities and Limitations of print and digital
An advantage on digital magazines is that people are able to buy it and access it instantly due to the magazines app and
their websites which means it’s an instant access where as, print magazines make people to go out and buy it before
reading it which could be inconvenient for people who do not have time to shop or for those who want to read it
immediately. However a disadvantage for digital magazines, is that the older generation will not be able to access it as
easily as going to the shop. Fortunately, lifestyle magazines like Cosmopolitan, Elle and GQ are all aimed at a young
target audiences which means digital magazines are more accessible for them. Furthermore, digital magazines are a lot
more interactive since it can include videos which can engage the audience much more due to the fact it allows the
magazine to communicate with the audience. Print magazines fail to do this since they only have photos although some
magazines may have QR codes to scan to get a video up, it could be a hassle for the reader. An environmental
contribution to digital magazines is that it helps to reduce paper waste since it is shown on our phones or tablets. If a
print magazine is not recycled properly, it can contribute to the waste in the world right now. Young adults are caring for
the world right now especially if they have read about the condition the world is in at the moment in Cosmopolitan, Elle
or GQ. Print magazines have an advantage over digital magazines due to the fact, the reader finds reading a physical
copy a leisurely activity and helps them relax by not going on a phone or tablet screen. Reading something physically
could help to reduce stress than if they were looking at a bright screen so to those who deal with anxiety a lot, a physical
magazine could be a lot more better. It is believed that those who read print magazines, have a bigger attention span
than if they were to read it on there phone or tablet. This is because, when reading a digital magazine, we tend to get
more distracted due to the notification on our devices where as when we’re reading a print magazine, we tend to get less
distracted because people will not multitask or get distracted by their device. Another reason is that adverts in print
magazines are more flexible and allows for the editors to choose exactly where to put the adverts in the magazine as well
as how much room the advert is going to take up.

26. PRINT AND DIGITAL MAGAZINES AFTER PRODUCTION
Technical Requirements- Digital
When creating a digital magazine there are a lot of technical elements that comes into it. The hardest challenge is making sure
the magazine looks good on all devices so the layout of a magazine may need to be adjusted or a new one would have to be
created. The software creators may use include: Adobe Digital Publishing, Aquafadas Digital Publishing, Mag+, Quark Dynamic
Publishing and WoodWing, InDesign and QuarkXPress. In digital publishing, digital replica is the best for tablets. Digital Replica
is a PDF document which can include features like links, photos, videos, slideshows and sound. Despite it being cheap, it does
not let you allow you to adjust the font sizes, the text does not flow automatically and the interaction is limited it’s just tap and
swipe. Fully Interactive publications was produced as soon as the iPad came out. The programme offers touch screen since it is
fully programmed for tablet’s touch which is fully interactive. Further more, you have the option to use audio, video, slideshows,
3D rotating objects, zooming, panning, replaceable content, scrolling regions, live web content, and video games within the
publication. Due to their being so many different devices out on the market it is best to stick to the top selling ones since that it
where most of the digital sales will come from. There are different resolutions sizes for all tablets therefore by sticking with the
print resolution, you won’t have to change anything but if you are making a new one stick with 300 dpi. If you are working with
images, pixels that are 2048×1536 is a really good choice. iPhones and iPad’s have the same aspect ratio as many Android
tablets. The iPad 1, 2 and 3 have the same ratio of 4:3 However, the iPad 3 is a bit bigger which means the resolution on that is
2048×1536 but the other iPads are 1024×768 pixels. Pixel dimensions can easily be scaled down to look good on any device but
it is not the same with aspect ratios. Depending on the magazine, it can either be horizontal or vertical and sometimes both. If
you were to make the view both horizontal and vertical, it means more work. The best decision may be to do both so everyone is
happy because by only having one orientation, you could loose potential readers. If you are only sticking to one orientation,
vertical may be the better option.

27. PRINT AND DIGITAL MAGAZINES AFTER PRODUCTION
Technical Requirements-Print
The technical requirement aren’t as complicated when thinking about print magazines. InDesign is a
popular programme to help create a magazine publication for both print and digital. It is mainly used for
graphic designers, artists, publishers and marketing assistants. Therefore, a lot of people can help design a
print magazine by using this programme. In order to make your magazine layout more interesting, the
following ideas can be used. Wrap texts around images, use a bird eye view, a creative contents page.
When you have an image, putting text around it can be more interesting and appealing to the eye and can
make the text look more free flowing. Using a bird eye view of a photo for a double page spread can make
it look really impressive and the blank spaces can be filled up with different types of typography. The
contents page is an important part to a magazine since it’s one of the first pages the readers will see, so by
making a colourful and creative contents page the reader will stick with the magazine. The dimensions of a
magazine can depend on how big you want the magazine to be however, the average dimensions are 210 X
297 mm. This is suitable for horizontal and landscapes magazines as well as, for a bound or saddle stitch
magazine. In the design of the magazine, a 5mm of bleed must be added on each side in case of binding
and wire binding.

28. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2017/12/building-better-ui-designs-layout-grids/
 https://www.supremo.co.uk/typeterms/
 http://www.magazinedesigning.com/magazine-page-elements/
 https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/the-power-of-white-space
 http://www.magazinedesigning.com/magazine-columns/
 https://www.isubscribe.co.uk/GQ-Digital-Subscription.cfm
 https://www.hearstmagazines.co.uk/elle-magazine-subscription
 https://www.hearstmagazines.co.uk/cosmopolitan-magazine-subscription
 https://www.google.com/search?q=why+are+digital+magazines+cheaper+than+print&oq=why+&aqs=chrome.0.69i59j69i57j0l6.125
9j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
 http://www.mediaspacesolutions.com/blog/6-advantages-of-print-advertising
 https://www.paperlit.com/blog/how-much-does-it-cost-to-create-a-digital-magazine
 http://www.magazinedesigning.com/digital-publishing-checklist/
 https://www.printsafari.com/us_en/common-magazine-sizes
 https://www.quora.com/How-are-magazines-printed-and-on-what-paper