2. • Topology defines the physical or logical
arrangement of links in a network.
• Two or more devices connect to a link
then these two or more links make a
topology.
• The topology of a network is the
geometric representation of the
relationship of the relationship of all the
links and linking devices to each other.
3. PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY :Physical
topology is the placement of the
various components of a network,
including device location and cable
installation.
LOGICAL TOPOLGY :Logical topology
illustrates how data flows within a
network, regardless of its physical
design.
4. There are basically five types of network
topologies:-
BUS TOPOLOGY
RING TOPOLOGY
STAR TOPOLOGY
TREE TOPOLOGY
MESH TOPOLOGY
5. • Mesh topologies involve the concept of routes.
• Unlike each of the previous topologies,
messages sent on a mesh network can take any
of several possible paths from source to
destination.
• Some WANs, most notably the Internet, employ
mesh routing.
• A mesh network in which every device connects
to every other is called a full mesh.
6. • This is also known as connected network.
• Every node in LAN is connected to all other nodes ,
through a direct cable.
• A fully connected mesh network therefor has n(n-
1)/2 physical channels to link n devices.
• Every devices on the network must have (n-1)
input/output ports to accommodate that many links.
7.
8. • It has the highest speed of communication
and highest reliability.
• Point to point links make fault identification
and fault isolation easy.
• A mesh topology is robust . If one link
become unuseable , it does not incapaciate
the entire system.
• A mesh topology has privacy or security.
9. • Main disadvantage of a mesh are related to
the amount of cabling and the number of I/O
ports needed.
• Since each devices must be connected to
every other device , installation and
reconfiguration are difficult.
• Due to these reasons this topology has the
highest cabling cost.
10. It is a simplest type of network with the lowest
cost.
In bus topology nodes are connected to the bus
cable by drop lines and taps .
As signal travels along the backbone some of
its energy is transform into heat.
So its become weaker and weakear thus there
is a limit on the no of taps,a bus can support.
12. ADVANTAGE
• Easy in installation.
• Uses less cables than mesh , star and other.
DISADVANTAGE
• Difficulty in reconfiguration fault or break in
bus cable stops all transmission
13. In this topology the computers are connected
by as single cable in a circular manner,with
each computer connected directly only to its to
neighbours.
If a station wants to send to another the
message just past through all the stations in
between (either clockwise or anticlockwise).
14. The two ends of cables are joint together.
In this topology coaxial cables are used .
15.
16. ADVANTAGE
• Easy to install and reconfigure fault isolation
is simplified
DISADVANTAGE
A in a ring can disable the entire network.
17. In this topology the computer are
connected in star manner.
The server is placed at the center of star.
In this topology the computer are not
directly linked to each other.
18. The server (centre controller) controls all
communications between stations to the
network.
Failure of the central controller will disable all
communication throughout the whole network .
If ones device wants to send data to another, it
sends the data to the controller and then relay
the data to other connected device.
19.
20. ADVANTAGE
• Less expansive
• Easy to install
• Robustness
• Fault identification
• Less cabling
DISADVANTAGE
• If central controller(HUB) fails,entire
network goes down.
21. • A tree topology is a variation of a star.
• As in star , nodes is a tree are linked to a
central hub that controls the traffic to the
network.
• In tree every computer is not plugged in
to the central hub most of them are
connected to the secondary hub.
22. • In this topology ,the concept of child and
parent is applied during communication
process.
• A child node can pass information to another
child node at the same level through the
parent.
• The failure of parent node disables the
communication.
23.
24. • It is more robust in terms of security of information in
comparision to star,bus or ring topologies.
• It is having the the best security.
• Allow more devices to be attched to a central hub
and therefor increases the distance a signal can
travel between devices.
• The good example of tree topolgy can be seen
in cable tv technology where the main cable
from the main office is divided into main
branches and each branch is divided into
smaller branches and soon.
25. Topologies remain an important part of
network design theory. You can probably
build a home or small business computer
network without understanding the
difference between a bus design and a
star design, but becoming familiar
with the standard topologies gives you a
better understanding of important
networking concepts like hubs,
broadcasts, and routes.
