2. SOHARWARDIA RAWADIA
HISTORICAL BACKGROUD OF SOUTH ASIA
ETYMOLOGY
The term south Asia is used foe what was formerly called ‘the Indian subcontinent’
LANGUAGES
Over 70%of the languages spoken in India are INDO, ARYAN that is INDO EUROPEAN ORIGIN, deriving
ultimately from SANSKRIT, the classical languages of India on a par with Greek in Europe
MAJOR RELIGION OF SOUTH ASIA
The major religions in the sub-continent are HINDUISM, ISLAM, SIKHISM, BUDDHISM, AND
CHRISTIANITY
SOUTH ASIA CONSIST AREA
South Asia is the southern region of Asia continents consist Sub Himalayan countries
INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
Asia’s first cities 4500years ago
HARAPPA
MOHENJO DAHRO;
• Brick buildings
• Carefully laid out streets
• Ceremonial gateways
• Buildings to store grain
With the growth in population the civilization thrived by farming, trade, and the use of small industry.
• Copper and bronze tools
• Cotton cloth
• Clay pottery
INDUS RIVER VALLEY
The Indus civilization declined between 1700 and 1500BC after nearly a thousand years of prosperity
ARYAS MAURYA MOGULS GUPTA EMPIRE
1500BC era, believed
to have come from the
caucuses
Rise to power in
300BCE, founded by
Maurya family
During the early 1500s
Muslim warriors’
knowns as moguls
came from north of
India
In 320 AD Gupte
empire set up in
northern India by
Chandragupta
Developed a spoken
language called
Sanskrit, Sanskrit later
became the written
language and
teachings were written
Most famous ruler of
Asoka, he was a
Buddhist, let his people
to practice other
religion, dedicated his
life to peace
Akbar was the greatest
mogul ruler, added
lands to the empire,
Lowered taxes,
supported the arts,
Under the Hindus
rulers contact with the,
increased trade,
academic thrived,
science, medicines,
arts, mathematicians,
3. SOHARWARDIA RAWADIA
language in sacred
texts called VEDAS
The Vedas shows
that aryan were
organized into four
groups called VERNAS
that is priests,
worriers, farmer,
unskilled
laborer/servant
Empire prospered
through trade
Allowed the Hindus to
worship freely and hold
government positions
South Asia
mathematicians
developed numerals 1-
9 that now days we use
Over a time
a caste system
emerged, the caste is
social group is born
into and cannot
change, the term for
caste in South Asia Jati
After Ashoka death
invasion led to
Mauryan empires fall
Later mogul rulers
were not good, heavy
taxes led to rebellion,
foreign invasions led to
empire collapse in the
1700
Later developed by
Muslims Arab traders
and eventually brought
to Europe
SOUTH ASIA TODAY
Under independence west and east Pakistan were created
Hindus filed the Pakistan to India and Muslims fled India to Pakistan
Half a million died in fighting
In 1971 civil war broken out between west and east Pakistan
East Pakistan became Bangladesh
In 1948 British gave independence to island of Ceylon, which reclaimed its ancient name of Sri lanka
In 1965 the Maldives island gained its independence from British
COUNTRIES IN SOUTH ASIA
Topographically, it is dominated by Indian plates, which rises above sea level as northern parts of India
south of Himalayas and the Hindu Kush
CURRENT TERRIORITIES
AGHANISTAN
BANGLADESH
NEPAL
PAKISTAN
INDIA
SRILANKA FROM SOUTH ASIA
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ECONOMICAL CO-OPERATION
The south Asia association for regional co-operation [SAARC] is an economic co-operation organization
in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising south Asia
Per most definitions eight countries officially belong to the south Asia associations for regional co-
operation [SAARC]
AFGHANISTAN POPULATION =31.6 MILLION [2018]
BANGLADESH POPULATION=166.3 MILLION [2017]
BHUTAN POPULATION=81,7000[2017]
INDIA POPULATION=1.35 BILLION [2017]
MALDIVES POPULATION=444,000[2017]
NEPAL POPULATION=29.6 MILLION [2017]
PAKISTAN POPULATION=212.7 MILLION [2017]
SRILANKA POPULATION=2.17 MILLION [2018]
SOUTH ASIA GEOGRAPHICALLY
South Asia covers about 5.2 million km2 area, population of south Asia is 1.891 billion making it most
populous and densely populated area of the world, south Asia consist of 31% Muslims, 98.47%of
HINDUS, 90.5% of Sikh
UNITED NATION DEFINITION OF SOUTH ASIA
Although most of the world simply says; south Asia’ ‘united Nation’ geoscheme for
Asia labels the subregion as southern Asia, the two term can be interchangeable
SOUTH ASIA includes the eight countries listed above but also add Iran for [statistical convivences], Iran
is considered to be in western Asia although what countries are considered to be in west Asia is an
ongoing debate
