The document provides instructions for joining sentences using relative pronouns like who, that, which, whose, and whom. It gives examples of simple sentences joined into a single sentence using these relative pronouns. The task section then prompts the reader to practice joining sentences in this way.

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2. JOINING SENTENCES Week 1
WHO THAT WHICH WHOSE WHOM
You might already have seen this example:
Ben won the race and he was given a medal.
To remove boring old “and”, this was suggested:
Ben, who won the race, was given a medal.
This sentence replaces “and” by using the word “who.” There are
other words like this which can be used to join sentences together in a
varied and interesting way, helping your writing skills and your marks.
(They are called relative pronouns though knowing that isn’t as
important as using them.) Here they are again:
WHO THAT WHICH WHOSE WHOM
LOOK AT THESE SENTENCES
A.
I have looked everywhere to find that book. I borrowed it from Mr.
Spicer three weeks ago.
becomes:
I have looked everywhere to find that book which (or “that”) I
borrowed from Mr. Spicer three weeks ago.
B.
When Eleanor was at the shops, she saw one of our neighbours. His
dog has recently died.
becomes:
When Eleanor was at the shops, she saw one of our neighbours
whose dog has recently died.

3. TASK Week 1
Join these sentences together by using one of the above five words.
Re-read the sentences above to serve as examples. You are given
some help with the early ones.
1) Shakespeare was born in 1564 and died in 1616. He is the
world’s greatest playwright.
Becomes: Shakespeare, who is the world’s…………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2) At the end of the party, I looked everywhere for Guy Hughes. I had
found his wallet under an armchair. (Clue: you’re going to need
“…………whose wallet…………”)……………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3) When Alex was young, someone gave him a horse. The horse was
so vicious that he never rode it.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4) On the train to London last week, I saw Nicola Dwyer. I had not
seen her since junior school. (Clue: quite a tough one! You’re
going to need “whom”)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5) Next week David Beckham is making a guest appearance at a
London sports shop. He is my younger brother’s hero.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
6) My sister and her new husband are spending their honeymoon in
Paris. Many people think it is the most romantic city in the world.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. 7) Will realised that the girl he had been chatting to was Amy Mullins.
He had known her brother, Chris, for years.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8) My cousin has won first prize in her medical exams. She is
training to become a doctor.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9) I can’t understand how Capelham has become such a run-down
and shabby place. It always used to be an attractive and tidy
town.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10) Julia Jordan went to New York after the war to marry an American.
His death two years later left her thousands of miles from her
family.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Week 2
 Simple Sentences
A simple sentence has only one clause in it.
A clause must have a subject, an object and a verb in it.
Look at this sentence and identify the subject, the object and the
verb.
A book fell on John’s foot.
 Compound Sentences
Here is a compound sentence:
A book fell on John’s foot and a book fell on Mary’s
foot.
What makes this sentence different to the first one?
 Complex sentences
Here is a complex sentence:
A book fell on John’s foot when he pushed
past the table.
Look carefully at this sentence – how is it different to the first
two?

6. Week 2
 Simple and compound sentences
Firstly, identify the subject, object and/or verb in each sentence below:
Remember – A compound sentence has two clauses which CAN stand alone and still
make sense
1. There are clouds in the sky.
2. Daphne walked to the shop.
3. Duncan changed his clothes.
4. The dog is happy.
5. Damien’s new t-shirt is blue.
6. Daniel ate a whole cake.
7. She said she would buy the flowers herself.
8. The weather is fresh this morning.
9. The golf ball hit Dudley.
10. The train rushed past Doreen.
11. Darren has a big spot on his chin.
12. A member of the audience hit Davina.
Now add another clause by using a connective to make these simple sentences
into compound ones.
Connectives
but consequently furthermore
therefore however accordingly
and nevertheless because
on the other hand whereas
nonetheless

7. Week 3
Zoom into the action
Look at this sentence:
In the shadows, under the stairs, resting against the chair was a bloody knife.
The reader is taken closer and closer to the really important discovery of the
knife by the phrases that start the sentence.
Complete these sentences to zoom your reader into the action!
a. At the end of the garden, beyond the tree was ______________________________
b. In the car, sitting quietly as directed,
c. In the corner of the room,
d. Under the floorboards,
Look at words below and complete the table thinking of a metaphor and a simile
using these words
Words Metaphor Simile
Book
Car
Lightening
Snake
Cloud
Tiger

8. Week 4
An Interrogative sentence asks a question, for example ‘Are you going on holiday
this summer?’
An Imperative sentence gives orders or commands, for example, ‘You are going on
holiday this summer.’
Write down an interrogative sentence and an imperative sentence that your
teacher might use about:
School Uniform
Interrogative
Imperative
Your written work
Interrogative
Imperative
Your behaviour in class
Interrogative
Imperative

9. Week 5
Look closely at the complex sentence below.
Re-write it using 4 or 5 simple sentences.
‘A few minutes having elapsed, during which Mr Squeers looked very profound, as if
he had a perfect apprehension of what was inside all the books, and could say every
word of their content by heart if he only chose to take the trouble, that gentleman
called up the first class’
Think of a list of questions you could ask either a parent or a grand parent about
their school experiences. Focus on:
Lessons
1.___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Teachers
1.___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Discipline
1.___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Uniform
1. _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

10. Week 6
Look at the text types in the box and the list of writing below. Match the most likely
text type or types to each style.
Letter Newspaper Story Leaflet Report Speech
Your address in the top right Factual
____________________________ ___________________________
Impersonal phrases Formal address
____________________________ ___________________________
The date Short sentences
____________________________ ___________________________
Snappy headline Clear statement of purpose
____________________________ ___________________________
Alliteration Sub-heading
____________________________ ___________________________
Short Paragraphs Modal verbs
____________________________ ___________________________
Bullet Points Emotive Language
____________________________ ___________________________
Sign-off of ‘Yours Faithfully, Yours Personal Pronouns
Sincerely’ or a more informal phrase ___________________________
If you know the person
____________________________ The address of the person you
Are writing to in the top left
Rhetorical Questions ___________________________
____________________________
Formal style
Entertain and inform ___________________________
____________________________
Quotations from experts
Informal Style ___________________________
____________________________
Rule of Three
Repetition ___________________________
____________________________
Varied length of sentences
Clear but lively ___________________________