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Topic :
Writing Skills
{Essay And Paragraph}
Presented By :
Ahmed Ali
University Of Sargodha
Roadmap
 Objectives
 Definition of writing and writing skills
 Importance of writing skills
 Tips to improve writing skills
 Paragraph writing
 Essay writing
 Process of writing
 Activity for class
Objectives
By the end of this presentation the students will
be able:
 To define writing
 To discuss the importance of writing
 To explain the process of writing
 To define paragraph and essay writing
What Is Writing
 Writing is a medium of communication that
represents language and emotion with signs
and symbols
 The process of using symbols to communicate
thoughts
 The process of putting ideas and thought into
words
Definition of writing skills
 Ability to put sounds and thoughts down on
graphic form in a meaningful way according to
the conventional sound spelling rules is known
as writing skills
Why writing is important?
Writing is important because:
 Its an important part of our communication
 It transforms thoughts and ideas into a
permanent form
 It allows to communicate with ease and clarity
 You can communicate to a far lager number of
audience
Tips To Improve Writing Skills
 Stick to the basic principles of writing.
 Practice regularly.
 Be patient and do your research carefully.
 Read more so can get an idea of good writing.
 Accept your weaknesses and work on them.
 Share your work with others.
Paragraph
Writing
Paragraph Writing
What Is Paragraph?
 A paragraph is a collection of sentences
arranged in such an order that they convey a
complete topic
 A set of related sentences describing one topic.
 A group of sentences that work together in
unity to explain an idea
Structure/Parts Of A Paragraph
states the main idea of paragraph
give support and details about
main idea
sums up the paragraph’s message
Supporting
sentences
Closing
sentence
Topic
sentence
Structure/Parts Of A Paragraph
Example:
Topic Sentence
There are several serious health hazards directly linked to smoking. The
link between smoking and cancer is well known. As well smoking is linked to other lung
disease like emphysema and bronchitis. Smokers also have risk of heart disease later in
life. There is substantial research that even passive smoking can have long term effects on
the health. Clearly smoking is dangerous and should be avoided
Supporting Sentences
Closing Sentences
Types of paragraph
There are four major types of paragraph
1. Topical Paragraph
2. Introductory Paragraph
3. Transitional Paragraph
4. Concluding Paragraph
Topical Paragraph
 A topical paragraph is just a paragraph with a strongly
developed topic or main idea.
 It consists of a set of sentences arranged around one
topic.
 Topical paragraph usually consist of a statement of
main idea and specific, logical support for that main
idea
Introductory Paragraph
 The introductory paragraph is usually the first
paragraph of the essay
 It introduces the topic and main idea of the
writer and provides the reader with any
necessary background information
Transitional paragraph
 A transitional paragraph is a short paragraph
that announces a shift from one section or idea
to another.
 This type of paragraph is most commonly used
to summarize the idea of one part of a text in
preparation for the beginning of another part
Concluding Paragraph
 Concluding paragraph is usually the last
paragraph
 It contains a brief summary of the main points.
 Restates the main idea
 Its purpose is to bring your writing to a
graceful end
Characteristics of A Good Paragraph
 Unity
 Coherence
 Conciseness
 Completeness
Essay Writing
Essay Writing
Definition Of Essay
 Essay is a piece of writing that usually
consists of five or more paragraphs written
about one topic.
 Essay is a written composition of moderate
length, exploring a particular issue or
subject.
BODY
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 1
Conclusion
References
Introduction
Essay Structure
Introduction
 Introduction is the first part of the essay.
 This is where you introduce the topic
 It consists of a general statement and thesis
statement (your main idea/point).
 It usually consists of around 10% of the essay.
Body
 The body of essay consists of one or more paragraphs
 Each paragraph supports the main idea of your essay
by breaking it down into smaller ideas or sub topics
 In the body of essay, you explain your arguments in
detailed manner
 It consists of around 80% of the essay
Conclusion
 The conclusion is the last part of an essay.
 It completes the essay by summarizing the
most important ideas
 It is the brief review of the whole essay
 It usually consists of around 10% of the essay
content
Reference
 After the conclusion, you should give all the
references related to your essay
 To demonstrate that you have researched
through reliable sources.
Types Of Essay
There are four major types of essay
Expository Essay (Just The Facts)
Narrative Essay (Telling The Story)
Descriptive Essay (Painting A Picture)
Persuasive Essay (Convincing)
The Writing Process
Prewriting
Organizing
Drafting
Revising
Editing
Publishing
1- Prewriting
 First stage of writing process
 As its name suggests is something that you do
before writing
 The purpose of this prewriting is to select a
topic and gather sufficient material related to
that topic.
2- Organizing
 Organizing means making an outline of your ideas
and decide which ideas you are going to use and
where to use
 It consists of:
Determining the tone
drafting a thesis statement
outlining the ideas
3- Drafting
 Drafting means writing the essay or paragraph
from start to end using your ideas and notes as
guide
 The purpose of this stage is to have a complete
draft not a perfect one
4- Revising
 This stage of writing process consists of
checking your work to make sure that each part
of it work together to make a coherent piece of
writing
5- Editing
 Editing means rechecking your text to make
sure that there are no errors in grammar and
spelling
 In this stage you look for the places where you
can add more information and check to see if
there is any unnecessary information
6- Publishing
 This is the last stage of your work
 In this stage you share your work with the
readers.
 Before sharing it with others, writer should
prepare a complete, neat and error free draft of
the whole writing.
Conclusion
Writing is extremely important in today’s society
It is one of the biggest source of communication
We are encountered with writing every day of our
lives. Whether it be an office memo, restaurant
menu, or a wedding invitation.
Writing is the primary base of history and record
keeping
Thank You All

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Writing Skills (Paragraph and Essay Writing)

  • 1. Topic : Writing Skills {Essay And Paragraph} Presented By : Ahmed Ali University Of Sargodha
  • 2. Roadmap  Objectives  Definition of writing and writing skills  Importance of writing skills  Tips to improve writing skills  Paragraph writing  Essay writing  Process of writing  Activity for class
  • 3. Objectives By the end of this presentation the students will be able:  To define writing  To discuss the importance of writing  To explain the process of writing  To define paragraph and essay writing
  • 4. What Is Writing  Writing is a medium of communication that represents language and emotion with signs and symbols  The process of using symbols to communicate thoughts  The process of putting ideas and thought into words
  • 5. Definition of writing skills  Ability to put sounds and thoughts down on graphic form in a meaningful way according to the conventional sound spelling rules is known as writing skills
  • 6. Why writing is important? Writing is important because:  Its an important part of our communication  It transforms thoughts and ideas into a permanent form  It allows to communicate with ease and clarity  You can communicate to a far lager number of audience
  • 7. Tips To Improve Writing Skills  Stick to the basic principles of writing.  Practice regularly.  Be patient and do your research carefully.  Read more so can get an idea of good writing.  Accept your weaknesses and work on them.  Share your work with others.
  • 9. Paragraph Writing What Is Paragraph?  A paragraph is a collection of sentences arranged in such an order that they convey a complete topic  A set of related sentences describing one topic.  A group of sentences that work together in unity to explain an idea
  • 10. Structure/Parts Of A Paragraph states the main idea of paragraph give support and details about main idea sums up the paragraph’s message Supporting sentences Closing sentence Topic sentence
  • 11. Structure/Parts Of A Paragraph Example: Topic Sentence There are several serious health hazards directly linked to smoking. The link between smoking and cancer is well known. As well smoking is linked to other lung disease like emphysema and bronchitis. Smokers also have risk of heart disease later in life. There is substantial research that even passive smoking can have long term effects on the health. Clearly smoking is dangerous and should be avoided Supporting Sentences Closing Sentences
  • 12. Types of paragraph There are four major types of paragraph 1. Topical Paragraph 2. Introductory Paragraph 3. Transitional Paragraph 4. Concluding Paragraph
  • 13. Topical Paragraph  A topical paragraph is just a paragraph with a strongly developed topic or main idea.  It consists of a set of sentences arranged around one topic.  Topical paragraph usually consist of a statement of main idea and specific, logical support for that main idea
  • 14. Introductory Paragraph  The introductory paragraph is usually the first paragraph of the essay  It introduces the topic and main idea of the writer and provides the reader with any necessary background information
  • 15. Transitional paragraph  A transitional paragraph is a short paragraph that announces a shift from one section or idea to another.  This type of paragraph is most commonly used to summarize the idea of one part of a text in preparation for the beginning of another part
  • 16. Concluding Paragraph  Concluding paragraph is usually the last paragraph  It contains a brief summary of the main points.  Restates the main idea  Its purpose is to bring your writing to a graceful end
  • 17. Characteristics of A Good Paragraph  Unity  Coherence  Conciseness  Completeness
  • 19. Essay Writing Definition Of Essay  Essay is a piece of writing that usually consists of five or more paragraphs written about one topic.  Essay is a written composition of moderate length, exploring a particular issue or subject.
  • 20. BODY Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 1 Conclusion References Introduction Essay Structure
  • 21. Introduction  Introduction is the first part of the essay.  This is where you introduce the topic  It consists of a general statement and thesis statement (your main idea/point).  It usually consists of around 10% of the essay.
  • 22. Body  The body of essay consists of one or more paragraphs  Each paragraph supports the main idea of your essay by breaking it down into smaller ideas or sub topics  In the body of essay, you explain your arguments in detailed manner  It consists of around 80% of the essay
  • 23. Conclusion  The conclusion is the last part of an essay.  It completes the essay by summarizing the most important ideas  It is the brief review of the whole essay  It usually consists of around 10% of the essay content
  • 24. Reference  After the conclusion, you should give all the references related to your essay  To demonstrate that you have researched through reliable sources.
  • 25. Types Of Essay There are four major types of essay Expository Essay (Just The Facts) Narrative Essay (Telling The Story) Descriptive Essay (Painting A Picture) Persuasive Essay (Convincing)
  • 27. 1- Prewriting  First stage of writing process  As its name suggests is something that you do before writing  The purpose of this prewriting is to select a topic and gather sufficient material related to that topic.
  • 28. 2- Organizing  Organizing means making an outline of your ideas and decide which ideas you are going to use and where to use  It consists of: Determining the tone drafting a thesis statement outlining the ideas
  • 29. 3- Drafting  Drafting means writing the essay or paragraph from start to end using your ideas and notes as guide  The purpose of this stage is to have a complete draft not a perfect one
  • 30. 4- Revising  This stage of writing process consists of checking your work to make sure that each part of it work together to make a coherent piece of writing
  • 31. 5- Editing  Editing means rechecking your text to make sure that there are no errors in grammar and spelling  In this stage you look for the places where you can add more information and check to see if there is any unnecessary information
  • 32. 6- Publishing  This is the last stage of your work  In this stage you share your work with the readers.  Before sharing it with others, writer should prepare a complete, neat and error free draft of the whole writing.
  • 33. Conclusion Writing is extremely important in today’s society It is one of the biggest source of communication We are encountered with writing every day of our lives. Whether it be an office memo, restaurant menu, or a wedding invitation. Writing is the primary base of history and record keeping