This document discusses various comprehension skills needed to understand written text. It describes how to skim a text to find the main idea, scan for specific details, note important details, infer meaning not directly stated, and recognize relationships like cause and effect. It also explains how to identify facts versus opinions and predict outcomes based on events and their relationships. Mastering these comprehension skills allows readers to understand text at a literal, interpretive and critical level.

1. COMPREHENSION
SKILLS
By: Lenie Mangubat

2. If you could skim for the topic
sentence, scan for specific
information, note details, get the
main idea, infer, sense cause and
effect relationships, recognize fact
and opinion, predict outcomes, then
you show the ability to
comprehend.

3. Reading the lines or literal comprehension
Reading between the lines or interpretative
comprehension
Reading beyond the lines or critical
comprehension

4. TO SKIM, examine the title and
headings, read the first paragraph
and last paragraph of the text to
find out its main idea. Or you can
also read the whole first paragraph
and the first sentence of each of
the succeeding paragraphs.

5. TO SCAN for important
information, direct your reading to
specific paragraph where you can
locate the answers to your
questions or those which your
teacher asks. Read quickly.

6. TO NOTE details, read the text
slowly, remember items in it,
relate them to the topic
sentences of each paragraph or
differentiate them from the main
ideas the passage conveys,

7. TO GET the main idea of the
passage, look for the most
important thing the author says
or find the central thought of the
passage.

8. TO INFER, read between the lines
or look information that is not
stated in the text by relying on
clues given by the author.

9. TO SENSE cause and effect
relationships, look for signal words,
such as for, thus as, since, therefore,
as a result, consequently, in order
that, so that, and because. A cause
indicates the reason for something.
An effect shows the result of some
action or cause

10. TO RECOGNIZE fact and opinion,
find out if the statement can be
proved true or false and if it
expresses attitudes, evaluations,
judgments, or even predicts the
future respectively.

11. TO PREDICT outcomes, analyze
the events and study their
relationships. Then decide what
happens next or make a guess
about what you think may
happen as a result of several
events.