This document discusses using Globus to automate the management and analysis of large scientific instrument data. It provides examples of challenges with managing large datasets from the Event Horizon Telescope and applying Globus services and automation to help address these challenges. Specific use cases discussed include building connectomes from microscopy data and applying deep learning to flag bad scanning electron microscope images. The document emphasizes that automation needs transparency, results need to be easily findable, and leveraging specialized services can help.

1. Working with Instrument
Data
Ryan Chard
rchard@anl.gov

2. Overview
• Data management challenges
• Managing instrument data with Globus
• Use cases and lessons learned
• Notebook demo

3. Data management challenges
• Event Horizon Telescope
– 12 telescopes
– Generate 900TB per 5 day run
– Data written to ~1000 HDDs
– Transported to MIT & Max Planck via airplane
– Aggregated and analyzed
• Global resources, long timescales
• Too much data for manual processing
• Data loss due to HDD failure

4. Research data management challenges
• Data acquired at various
locations/times
• Analyses executed on
distributed resources
• Catalogs of descriptive
metadata and provenance
• Dynamic collaborations
around data and analysis
Raw
data
store
Catalog
DOE LabCampus
Community Archive
NIH

5. Exacerbated by large scale science
• Best practices overlooked, useful
data forgotten, errors propagate
• Researchers allocated short periods
of instrument time
• Inefficiencies -> less science
• Errors -> long delays, missed
opportunity …forever!

6. Scientific Data Lifecycle
data.library.virginia.edu/data-management/lifecycle/

7. Goal
Automate data manipulation tasks
from acquisition, transfer and
sharing, to publication, indexing,
analysis, and inference

8. Automation and Globus
• Globus provides a rich data management
ecosystem for both admins and
researchers
• Compose multiple services into reliable,
secure data management pipelines
• Execute on behalf of users
• Create data-aware automations that
respond to data events

9. Globus Services
• Transfer: Move data, set ACLs, create shares
• Search: Find data, catalog metadata
• Identifiers: Mint persistent IDs for datasets
• Auth: Glue that ties everything together

10. Globus Auth
• Programmatic and secure access to both Globus
services and any third party services that support it
• Grant permission to apps to act on your behalf
– Dependent tokens
• Refresh tokens enable one-time authentication that
can be put into long-running pipelines

11. Automation via Globus
Glue services together
• Globus SDK (docs.globus.org)
• Scripting with the Globus CLI
– globus task wait
• Automate

12. Example Use Cases
• Advanced Photon Source
– Connectomics
– Time series spectroscopy
• Scanning Electron Microscope

13. UChicago Kasthuri Lab: Brain aging and disease
• Construct connectomes—mapping of neuron connections
• Use APS synchrotron to rapidly image brains
– Beam time available once every few months
– ~20GB/minute for large (cm) unsectioned brains
• Generate segmented datasets/visualizations for the community
• Perform semi-standard reconstruction on all data across HPC
resources

14. Original Approach
• Collect data—20 mins
• Move to a local machine
• Generate previews for a couple of images—5 mins
• Collect more data
• Initiate local reconstruction—1 hour
• Batch process the rest after beamtime

15. Advanced Photon Source
Argonne Leadership
Computing Facility
1 km
5μsec
15

16. Requirements
• Accomodate many different beamline users of
different skillsets
– Automatically apply a “base” reconstruction to data
• Leverage HPC due to computational requirements
• Unobstructive to the user

17. Ripple: A Trigger-Action platform for data
• Provided set of triggers and
actions to create rules
• Ripple processes data
triggers and reliably
executes actions
• Usable by non-experts
• Daisy-chain rules for
complex flows
Not product!

18. Data-driven automation
• Filesystem-specific
tools monitor and
report events
– inotify (Linux
– FSWatch (macOS)
• Capture local data
events
– Create, delete, move
Watchdog: github.com/gorakhargosh/watchdog

19. Argonne JLSEUChicago
Argonne
Leadership
Computing
FacilityAPS
Publication7
Building the connectome
Imaging1
Lab Server 1
Acquisition2
Lab Server 2
Pre-processing3 Preview/Center4
Reconstruction6Visualization8
User validation5
Science!9
Neuroanatomy
reconstruction
pipeline

20. New Approach
• Detect data as they are collected
• Automaticlaly move data to ALCF
• Initiate a preview and reconstruction
• Detect the preview and move it back to the APS
• Move results to shared storage
• Catalog data in Search for users to explore

21. Lessons Learned
• Automate data capture where possible - far easier
than convincing people to run things
• Transparency is critical - operators need the ability to
debug at 3am
• “Manual” automation is better than no automation

22. Scanning Electron Microscope
Rapidly process SEM images to flag bad data while
samples are still in the machine
Good Bad

23. SEM Focus
1. Slice the image into 6 random
subsections
1. Apply Laplacian blob detection
1. Use NN to classify as in or out
of focus
Credit: Aarthi Koripelly

24. DLHub
• Collect, publish, categorize models from many
disciplines (materials science, physics, chemistry,
genomics, etc.)
• Serve model inference on-demand via API to simplify
sharing, consumption, and access
• Enable new science through reuse, real-time model-in-
the-loop integration, and synthesis & ensembling of
existing models

25. Using DLHub
1
2
3
Describe
Publish
Run
Secured with Globus
Auth to verify users
Inference are performed
at ALCF’s PetrelKube
Use Globus-accessible
data as inputs (HTTPS)

26. Processing SEM Data with DLHub
• Detect files placed in a “/process” directory
• Move data to Petrel
• Generate input for DLHub
• Invoke DLHub
• Put results in a Search index for users
• Append to a list in a “/results” folder

27. Example

28. Lessons Learned
• Perfect, complex hooks are sometimes unnecessary
• No value if the user can’t easily find and use the
result
• Outsource and leverage special-purpose services
– You don’t need to do everything

29. X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy
• APS Beamline 8-ID
• Generate a lot of data
– Images every ~10 seconds
• Apply XPCS-Eigen tool to
HDF files containing many
images

30. Current Approach
• Internal workflow engine is started in response to
data
• Enormous bash scripts everywhere
• Restricted to local resources
• Any new tools must fit into their dashboard

32. Current Approach
• Plug in a new step to kick off Globus actions
• Fits into existing dashboards
• Easy for them to debug -- stand alone, or in the flow

33. Lessons Learned
• Everyone loves automation
• Everyone has a “working” solution and doesn’t want
to change
• Make results easy to find - no value without results
• HPC timeouts are still a pain

34. Thanks! Questions?
rchard@anl.gov