Recent developments in off-the-shelf wireless embedded computing boards and the increasing need for efficient health monitoring systems, fueled by the increasing number of patients, has prompted R&D professionals to explore better health monitoring systems that are both mobile and cheap. This work investigates the feasibility of using the ZigBee embedded technology in health-related monitoring applications. Selected vital signs of patients are acquired using sensor nodes and readings are transmitted wirelessly using devices that utilize the ZigBee communications protocols. A prototype system has been developed and tested with encouraging results
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The development of wireless patient monitoring system has been quite intensive in the past decade. Hence, in the present study, a new approach of wireless patient monitoring system was proposed as a prototype to minimize the power consumption and the costing issue. Visual Basic Net. 2010 as the software and Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) 16F877 microcontroller as the hardware circuit were used to implement the system. The communication between the hardware and software systems is in the full duplex communication via the XBee modules happened. The results show that XBee module is successfully communicated with the whole system and the monitoring software is in the best condition to be implemented. Since the prototype using variable voltage, good comparison with the experimental and previous studies shows that the present study can be improved by using the real ECG machine so that the system can be ready to the real user.
Low-cost central monitor based personal computer with electrocardiogram and h...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Heart rate signals and electrocardiograms are crucial indicators of a person’s health, particularly for individuals in intensive care units (ICU). The goal of this study is to wirelessly use a central monitoring system to continually and in real-time monitor the electrocardiogram signal and heart rate. The result of this research is that a wireless system can transmit continuous, distant, and real-time electrocardiogram and heart rate readings. Two transmitters and two receivers were used to send the signal in real-time. Lead II was used to capture the electrocardiogram (ECG) data, which was then processed by a microprocessor to determine the heart rate in beats per minute. The XBee Pro wireless was then used to transmit the data to the monitor in the form of an electrocardiogram and heart rate signal. The results of the XBee wireless performance test with statistics for determining heart rate value revealed that there was no discernible difference in the average value at a distance of 8, 10, 25, and 30 meters (P-value > 0.05). According to the study’s findings, wireless transmission is feasible over a limited distance and in real-time. Hospitals can use a central monitor to implement this research.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A remote patient monitoring based on WBAN implementation with internet of thi...journalBEEI
A healthcare employment is the mainly domain in emergent technology of WBAN, and an e-health system created of cloud computing in addition to a WSN considers an important part of this field. An implementation of remotely system for monitoring the patient's vital signs require continuous observation to form low-cost networks with the ability of portability and flexibility and may be applied with separate position and long-term intensive care of peoples in the absence of disturbance of their everyday activities. The patient carries body sensor's patches to get transmitted vital signs continuously to the cloud environment, and a website is designed for presenting and analyzing the data based on designed algorithm. A comparison is made every received measurement with a that stored in the algorithm. In remote specialist care, the execution of confidence and confidentiality conservation is critical, as essential restrictions were being communicating with remote locations. To ensure reliability, the implemented system offers real time monitoring and certification to the patient's condition by means of a medical record, with rapid medical data delivery to the medical staff and can also increase the service delivery ratio of hospital capacity and monitoring of large number of patients with concentrated average delay.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The development of wireless patient monitoring system has been quite intensive in the past decade. Hence, in the present study, a new approach of wireless patient monitoring system was proposed as a prototype to minimize the power consumption and the costing issue. Visual Basic Net. 2010 as the software and Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) 16F877 microcontroller as the hardware circuit were used to implement the system. The communication between the hardware and software systems is in the full duplex communication via the XBee modules happened. The results show that XBee module is successfully communicated with the whole system and the monitoring software is in the best condition to be implemented. Since the prototype using variable voltage, good comparison with the experimental and previous studies shows that the present study can be improved by using the real ECG machine so that the system can be ready to the real user.
Low-cost central monitor based personal computer with electrocardiogram and h...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Heart rate signals and electrocardiograms are crucial indicators of a person’s health, particularly for individuals in intensive care units (ICU). The goal of this study is to wirelessly use a central monitoring system to continually and in real-time monitor the electrocardiogram signal and heart rate. The result of this research is that a wireless system can transmit continuous, distant, and real-time electrocardiogram and heart rate readings. Two transmitters and two receivers were used to send the signal in real-time. Lead II was used to capture the electrocardiogram (ECG) data, which was then processed by a microprocessor to determine the heart rate in beats per minute. The XBee Pro wireless was then used to transmit the data to the monitor in the form of an electrocardiogram and heart rate signal. The results of the XBee wireless performance test with statistics for determining heart rate value revealed that there was no discernible difference in the average value at a distance of 8, 10, 25, and 30 meters (P-value > 0.05). According to the study’s findings, wireless transmission is feasible over a limited distance and in real-time. Hospitals can use a central monitor to implement this research.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A remote patient monitoring based on WBAN implementation with internet of thi...journalBEEI
A healthcare employment is the mainly domain in emergent technology of WBAN, and an e-health system created of cloud computing in addition to a WSN considers an important part of this field. An implementation of remotely system for monitoring the patient's vital signs require continuous observation to form low-cost networks with the ability of portability and flexibility and may be applied with separate position and long-term intensive care of peoples in the absence of disturbance of their everyday activities. The patient carries body sensor's patches to get transmitted vital signs continuously to the cloud environment, and a website is designed for presenting and analyzing the data based on designed algorithm. A comparison is made every received measurement with a that stored in the algorithm. In remote specialist care, the execution of confidence and confidentiality conservation is critical, as essential restrictions were being communicating with remote locations. To ensure reliability, the implemented system offers real time monitoring and certification to the patient's condition by means of a medical record, with rapid medical data delivery to the medical staff and can also increase the service delivery ratio of hospital capacity and monitoring of large number of patients with concentrated average delay.
Implementation Of Real Time IoT Based Health monitoring systemkchakrireddy
The main aim of this project is to interconnect the available medical resources and offer smart, reliable, and effective healthcare service to elderly people. Health monitoring for active and assisted living is one of the paradigms that can use the IOT advantages to improve the elderly lifestyle in this project we present an IOT architecture customized for healthcare applications. The proposed architecture collects the data and relays it to the cloud where it is processed and analyzed. Feedback actions based on the analyzed data can be sent back to the user.
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Recently, in many cases, the reason for a patient staying in the hospital is not that he or she actually needs active medical care. Often, the principal reason for a lengthy stay in the hospital is simply continual observation. Therefore, efforts have been made to avoid acute admissions and long lengths of stay in the hospital. In recent years, emergency admissions and long lengths of stay have become extremely costly. So the focus of health policy has shifted away from the provision of reactive, acute care toward preventive care outside the hospital. As models of care are redesigned, health economies are seeking to provide more care outside large acute centers. The drivers for this shift are two-fold; first, there is a quality-of-care issue and second, there is a resource allocation issue. Being cared for in a patient’s own home is a key aim of current U.K. government health policy and that is driven by an imperative to provide better quality care to people without the need to disrupt their lives. Investment in technologies that enable remote monitoring would lead to long-term gains in terms of hospital finances and patient care.
Transmission of arm based real time ecg for monitoring remotely located patienteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
2 pf implementation of wireless body area network ed iqbal qcIAESIJEECS
Patients in hospitals have issue with health instrumentality that's connected with wires to their body. Wired health instrumentality restricts the quality of the patient. Moreover, health caretaker’s area unit compelled to work the instrumentality and take the measurements. Hence, wireless observance of patient is incredibly effective resolution thereto drawback. The most target of this study was to analysis the present trend and prospect of wireless observance of patients within the hospitals. This study conjointly aims to create the epitome system to implement wireless observance. Additionally to that, this thesis conjointly studies most fitted technique for building the foremost effective wireless observance system. The sensing element nodes and receiver of the epitome were designed. Golem phone was used as entranceway to receive the information from sensing element node and forward the information into receiver. Bluetooth Low energy was wont to communicate between sensing element nodes and golem phone. LAN is employed to speak between golem phone and also the receiver that is connected to laptop. The sensing element readings were initially ascertained in Arduino Serial Monitor so sent to sink node. The sensing element readings of a body were displayed in golem phone and yet as within the web site. Real time information of sensing element was created and with success updated within the web site. The study of results and project showed that wireless observance would be terribly effective by exploitation Interference free, short vary and extremely secure suggests that of communication. Bluetooth low energy that is appropriate choice for the system. Style of sensing element nodes ought to be terribly tiny as a result of it's to be worn round the body. Therefore smaller parts ought to be used.
Microcontroller Based Temperature Monitoring and Controlling System using XBe...ijtsrd
Temperature controlling is one of the most important process variables in the process control. In this paper describes the design and implementation of a Wireless Sensor Networks WSN based on XBee technology to monitor the history and current temperature information of remote locations. In this work, the microcontroller is used to compute and compare the value of current temperature and the set point values. LCD is used to display the result data. This result data is also sent to the microcontroller where the operator controls the whole process. Then, the signal passes to the relays to On Off case of the fan for maintaining the correct temperature. Mon Mon Aye | Aye Myat Myat Myo | Zar Chi Soe "Microcontroller Based Temperature Monitoring and Controlling System using XBee Network" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27842.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/27842/microcontroller-based-temperature-monitoring-and-controlling-system-using-xbee-network/mon-mon-aye
Facial Feature Recognition Using Biometricsijbuiiir1
Face recognition is one of the few biometric methods that possess the merits of both high accuracy and low intrusiveness. Biometric requires no physical interaction on behalf of the user. Biometric allows to perform passive identification in a one to many environments. Passwords and PINs are hard to remember and can be stolen or guessed; cards, tokens, keys and the like can be misplaced, forgotten, purloined or duplicated; magnetic cards can become corrupted and unreadable. However individuals biological traits cannot be misplaced, forgotten, stolen or forged.
Partial Image Retrieval Systems in Luminance and Color Invariants : An Empiri...ijbuiiir1
Color of the surface is one of the most imperative characteristics in the process of recognition as well as classification of the object which is based on camera. On the other hand, color of the object sometimes differs a lot due to the difference in illumination as well as the conditions of the surface. Utilization of the diverse features of the color gets impeded due to such variations. However, Characterization of the color of the object is possible with a controlling tool known as color invariants without considering the factors such asillumination and conditions of the surface. In the research proposal, analysis has been done on the estimation procedure related to RGB images color invariants. Object color is an imperative descriptor that can find the corresponding matching object in applications based on image matching as well as search, like- Object searching based on template and CBIR otherwise known as Content Based Image Retrieval. But, many times it has been observed that the apparent color of different objects gets varied significantly due to illumination, conditions of the surface as well as observation (Finlayson et al., 1996)
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Implementation Of Real Time IoT Based Health monitoring systemkchakrireddy
The main aim of this project is to interconnect the available medical resources and offer smart, reliable, and effective healthcare service to elderly people. Health monitoring for active and assisted living is one of the paradigms that can use the IOT advantages to improve the elderly lifestyle in this project we present an IOT architecture customized for healthcare applications. The proposed architecture collects the data and relays it to the cloud where it is processed and analyzed. Feedback actions based on the analyzed data can be sent back to the user.
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Recently, in many cases, the reason for a patient staying in the hospital is not that he or she actually needs active medical care. Often, the principal reason for a lengthy stay in the hospital is simply continual observation. Therefore, efforts have been made to avoid acute admissions and long lengths of stay in the hospital. In recent years, emergency admissions and long lengths of stay have become extremely costly. So the focus of health policy has shifted away from the provision of reactive, acute care toward preventive care outside the hospital. As models of care are redesigned, health economies are seeking to provide more care outside large acute centers. The drivers for this shift are two-fold; first, there is a quality-of-care issue and second, there is a resource allocation issue. Being cared for in a patient’s own home is a key aim of current U.K. government health policy and that is driven by an imperative to provide better quality care to people without the need to disrupt their lives. Investment in technologies that enable remote monitoring would lead to long-term gains in terms of hospital finances and patient care.
Transmission of arm based real time ecg for monitoring remotely located patienteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
2 pf implementation of wireless body area network ed iqbal qcIAESIJEECS
Patients in hospitals have issue with health instrumentality that's connected with wires to their body. Wired health instrumentality restricts the quality of the patient. Moreover, health caretaker’s area unit compelled to work the instrumentality and take the measurements. Hence, wireless observance of patient is incredibly effective resolution thereto drawback. The most target of this study was to analysis the present trend and prospect of wireless observance of patients within the hospitals. This study conjointly aims to create the epitome system to implement wireless observance. Additionally to that, this thesis conjointly studies most fitted technique for building the foremost effective wireless observance system. The sensing element nodes and receiver of the epitome were designed. Golem phone was used as entranceway to receive the information from sensing element node and forward the information into receiver. Bluetooth Low energy was wont to communicate between sensing element nodes and golem phone. LAN is employed to speak between golem phone and also the receiver that is connected to laptop. The sensing element readings were initially ascertained in Arduino Serial Monitor so sent to sink node. The sensing element readings of a body were displayed in golem phone and yet as within the web site. Real time information of sensing element was created and with success updated within the web site. The study of results and project showed that wireless observance would be terribly effective by exploitation Interference free, short vary and extremely secure suggests that of communication. Bluetooth low energy that is appropriate choice for the system. Style of sensing element nodes ought to be terribly tiny as a result of it's to be worn round the body. Therefore smaller parts ought to be used.
Microcontroller Based Temperature Monitoring and Controlling System using XBe...ijtsrd
Temperature controlling is one of the most important process variables in the process control. In this paper describes the design and implementation of a Wireless Sensor Networks WSN based on XBee technology to monitor the history and current temperature information of remote locations. In this work, the microcontroller is used to compute and compare the value of current temperature and the set point values. LCD is used to display the result data. This result data is also sent to the microcontroller where the operator controls the whole process. Then, the signal passes to the relays to On Off case of the fan for maintaining the correct temperature. Mon Mon Aye | Aye Myat Myat Myo | Zar Chi Soe "Microcontroller Based Temperature Monitoring and Controlling System using XBee Network" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27842.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/27842/microcontroller-based-temperature-monitoring-and-controlling-system-using-xbee-network/mon-mon-aye
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Facial Feature Recognition Using Biometricsijbuiiir1
Face recognition is one of the few biometric methods that possess the merits of both high accuracy and low intrusiveness. Biometric requires no physical interaction on behalf of the user. Biometric allows to perform passive identification in a one to many environments. Passwords and PINs are hard to remember and can be stolen or guessed; cards, tokens, keys and the like can be misplaced, forgotten, purloined or duplicated; magnetic cards can become corrupted and unreadable. However individuals biological traits cannot be misplaced, forgotten, stolen or forged.
Partial Image Retrieval Systems in Luminance and Color Invariants : An Empiri...ijbuiiir1
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India is the home of different languages, due to its cultural and geographical diversity. The official and regional languages of India play an important role in communication among the people living in the country. In the Constitution of India, a provision is made for each of the Indian states to choose their own official language for communicating at the state level for official purpose. In the eighth schedule as of May 2008, there are 22 official languages in India.The availability of constantly increasing amount of textual data of various Indian regional languages in electronic form has accelerated. So the Classification of text documents based on languages is essential. The objective of the work is the representation and categorization of Indian language text documents using text mining techniques. South Indian language corpus such as Kannada, Tamil and Telugu language corpus, has been created. Several text mining techniques such as naive Bayes classifier, k-Nearest-Neighbor classifier and decision tree for text categorization have been used.There is not much work done in text categorization in Indian languages. Text categorization in Indian languages is challenging as Indian languages are very rich in morphology. In this paper an attempt has been made to categories Indian language text using text mining algorithms
Highly Secured Online Voting System (OVS) Over Networkijbuiiir1
Internet voting systems have gained popularity and have been used for government elections and referendums in the United Kingdom, Estonia and Switzerland as well as municipal elections in Canada and party primary elections in the United States. Voting system can involve transmission of ballots and votes via private computer networks or the Internet. Electronic voting technology can speed the counting of ballots and can provide improved accessibility for disabled voters. The aim of this paper is to people who have citizenship of India and whose age is above 18 years and of any sex can give their vote through online without going to any physical polling station. Election Commission Officer (Election Commission Officer who will verify whether registered user and candidates are authentic or not) to participate in online voting. This online voting system is highly secured, and its design is very simple, ease of use and also reliable. The proposed software is developed and tested to work on Ethernet and allows online voting. It also creates and manages voting and an election detail as all the users must login by user name and password and click on his favorable candidates to register vote. This will increase the voting percentage in India. By applying high security it will reduce false votes.
Software Developers Performance relationship with Cognitive Load Using Statis...ijbuiiir1
The success of the software development highly appreciated with the intellectual capital instead of physical assets of the concern. Human resource is the challenging resource in the software development industry to meet the customer requirement and deliver the project on time to the client. The software industry requires multi-skill and dynamic performers to meet the challenges. The skills domain knowledge and the developer�s performance are considered as the potential key factors for the success of the delivery of projects. The developer�s performance is influenced with cognitive factors and its measures. This study aimed to relate developer�s performance in the software industry with his/her cognitive workload. The various statistical measures like correlation, regression, variance and standard deviations are to be calculated for the developer�s performance with the cognitive load. The real-time development sector observations made of around 250 employees, 15 projects work and its corresponding cognitive load such as physical ability, mental ability, temporal ability, effort, frustration and performance in Web application, Database application and Multimedia. This paper provides the measurable analysis of the development process of the developers with their assigned task using statistical approach
Image Compression Using Discrete Cosine Transform & Discrete Wavelet Transformijbuiiir1
This research paper presents a proposed method for the compression of medical images using hybrid compression technique (DWT, DCT and Huffman coding). The objective of this hybrid scheme is to achieve higher compression rates by first applying DWT and DCT on individual components RGB. After applying this image is quantized to calculate probability index for each unique quantity so as to find out the unique binary code for each unique symbol for their encoding. Finally the Huffman compression is applied. Results show that the coding performance can be significantly improved by the hybrid DWT, DCT and Huffman coding algorithm
Agile development methodologies are very promising in the software industry. Agile development techniques are very realistic n understanding the fact that requirement in a business environment changes constantly. Agile development processes optimize the opportunity provided by cloud computing by doing software release iteratively and getting user feedback more frequently. The research work, a study on Agile Methods and cloud computing. This paper analyzes the Agile Management and development methods and its benefits with cloud computing. Combining agile development methodology with cloud computing brings the best of both worlds. A business strategy, the outcomes of which optimize profitability revenue and customer satisfaction by organizing around customer segments, fostering customer-satisfying behaviors, and implementing customer-centric processes
SOA is becoming important for Business Process Management and Enterprises. Now SOA is widely used by Enterprises as it provides seamless environment, flexibility, interoperability, but at the same time security should also consider because the basic SOA framework doesn�t possess any security. It depends upon the respective proprietor for security [1]. In recent times many research work had done for SOA security. Researchers have also proposed various frameworks and models such as FIX [2], SAVT [3] which tries a lot, but cannot achieve any landmark as they are based on XML schema.This proposed novel work contains an inbuilt security module which was based on PKI. At the same time this model will intact the flexibility and interoperability as the security module is embedded by analyzing the nature of WSDL, UDDI, SOAP and XML. These protocols are also compatible with PKI. Proposed Model was implemented in the asp.net environment then experimental results are compared with other security methods such as data mining based web security and automata based web security
Internet Scheduling of Bluetooth Scatter Nets By Inter Piconet Schedulingijbuiiir1
Bluetooth includes the concept of devices participating in multiple �piconets� interconnected via bridge devices and thereby forming a �scatternet�. This paper presents a scheme for Bluetooth scatternet operation that adapts to varying traffic patterns. According to the traffic information of all masters that the bridge is connected, the bridge switches to the masters with high traffic loads and increase the usage of the bridge. In addition, load adaptive interpiconet scheduling can reduce the number of failed unsniffs and the overhead of the bridge switch wastes to further increase the overall system performance.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR 2024.pptxnikitacareer3
Looking for the best engineering colleges in Jaipur for 2024?
Check out our list of the top 10 B.Tech colleges to help you make the right choice for your future career!
1) MNIT
2) MANIPAL UNIV
3) LNMIIT
4) NIMS UNIV
5) JECRC
6) VIVEKANANDA GLOBAL UNIV
7) BIT JAIPUR
8) APEX UNIV
9) AMITY UNIV.
10) JNU
TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES, FEES AND PLACEMENT, WATCH THE FULL VIDEO GIVEN BELOW ON "TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSNje0MBh7g
VISIT CAREER MANTRA PORTAL TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES/UNIVERSITITES in Jaipur:
https://careermantra.net/colleges/3378/Jaipur/b-tech
Get all the information you need to plan your next steps in your medical career with Career Mantra!
https://careermantra.net/
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
1. Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Web Technology
Volume: 02 Issue: 02 December 2013 Page No.25-27
ISSN: 2278-2389
25
Wireless Health Monitoring System Using ZigBee
T.Chandrasekhar, J.S.Chakravarthi
Prof,G.E.C.,Rajahmundry
Asst. ProfessorG.E.C.,,Rajahmundry.
assprof@gmail.com,jsuneelchakravarthi@gmail.com
Abstract—Recent developments in off-the-shelf wireless
embedded computing boards and the increasing need for
efficient health monitoring systems, fueled by the increasing
number of patients, has prompted R&D professionals to
explore better health monitoring systems that are both mobile
and cheap. This work investigates the feasibility of using the
ZigBee embedded technology in health-related monitoring
applications. Selected vital signs of patients are acquired using
sensor nodes and readings are transmitted wirelessly using
devices that utilize the ZigBee communications protocols. A
prototype system has been developed and tested with
encouraging results.
Keywords: Zigbee, wireless health monitoring.
I. INTRODUCTION
The increasing cost of in-bed hospitalization and the recent
technological advances in low-power integrated circuit
sensors coupled with the introduction of power efficient
protocols such as Bluetooth and ZigBee has tempted
researchers to study the establishment and usage of wireless
networks as a vehicle for transmitting patients’-related
information without the need to confine them to a premise [1,
2]. Wireless-based non-confining monitoring systems
improve the quality of life for the patients while serving
as a cost effective solution to the problem of health care
monitoring that is worsening with the increase in the aging
population. The rapid development in the
telecommunication field and mobile technology has
accelerated the introduction of telemedicine as a viable
and reliable alternative. Recent work [3, 4] includes
using Bluetooth technology coupled with the GSM
technology to report signs to PDAs held by the patient or his
doctor. Monitoring based on ultra wideband-based
personal area networks was reported in [5]. Sneha and others
[6] presented an architectural framework for a system that
utilizes mobile techniques to wirelessly monitor the ECG of
cardiac patients. The work reported in [7] discusses the
implementation issues, and describes the overall system
architecture of a Bluetooth sensor network for patient
monitoring.Compared to Bluetooth, ZigBee provides higher
network flexibility and a larger number of nodes, and a better
transmission range with low power consumption.
Recently, ZigBee-based wireless networks were tested in
various applications. In [8], the authors investigate the use
of ZigBee and mobile phones in monitoring elderly patients
with diabetes mellitus or heart diseases. A ZigBee WiMAX
nursery system for patient monitoring was proposed in [9].
An interesting application of ZigBee-based
wireless sensor nodes in the real-time monitoring of fruit
logistics is discussed in [10].The work presented here simply
attempts to probe into the applicability, usefulness, and
practicality of using wireless-ZigBee based network in
monitoring the signs of patients on a hospital floor and
surrounding area without confining them to a bed. The
presented solution is meant to be both simple, cost effective
and hopefully causes minimal interference with the
patient’s mobility and comfort. A wearable sensor unit,
attached to the patient’s body, reads and transmits the
patient’s fetal signs to a portable ZigBee-based
receiver carried around by a nurse or doctor or to a hospital
server. Added features include the storage of these readings in
a central database or access via the internet.The rest of the
paper is organized as follows: Section II describes the
overall systems layout. Section III discusses the software
development, implementation and testing. The conclusion
is presented in Section IV.
II. SYSTEM HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
The system is designed and built using the ZigBee modules
(Nodes) from Jennic Corporation [11]. Vital signs’ sensors
attached to the patient’s body are interfaced to these Nodes
(hereafter P-Node). The complete P-Node is packaged in a
light form and carried by the patient. Sensed data is
transmitted to a ZigBee coordinator (Z-Coor) with a wide
LCD display that is carried by the supervisor nurse on the
hospital floor.A brief description of the major components of
the proposed monitoring platform is provided next:
ZigBeedevelopmentboard:weusedtheJN5139IEEE802.15.4/Je
nNet kit. The kit has five boards. One is used as coordinator
(Z-Coor) and the other four nodes are used as terminal
nodes. Each node (P-Node) is attached to a patient to acquire
the vital signs. The node has a low cost wireless 32-bit RISC
microcontroller-based board. It is equipped with built- in
resources such digital input/output ports, analog-to- digital
converters, timers, RAM, EEPORM, Serial RS232 and USB
communications ports and a fully compliant 2.4GHz
IEEE802.15.4 transceiver, It uses a USB to serial bridge, as
it creates a virtual COM port on the PC. The four P-Nodes
and one Z-Coor allow the system to monitor four different
patients at a time which makes it distributed patients
monitoring systems. Additional four terminal units (hereafter
M- Node/s) that are equipped with LCD are made
available for Nurses and Doctors to monitor the patients
from within the adhoc network range (50-70 meters). These
units do not have sensors. They receive the patients’ data
from the Z-Coor. The Z-Coor can handle up to 127 P-Nodes
and M-Nodes per network [11]. Figure 1 shows the
monitoring wireless adhoc network and Figure 2 shows a
detail layout for one patient network.
Sensor’ Array: four sensors are interfaced with each P-
Node. An LM35 temperature sensor is used to measure the
surrounding area temperature. A thermocouple k-type sensor
was used to record the patient’s body temperature.
Thermocouples generate very low-voltage (mV), an AD625
2. Vol 02, Issue 01, June 2013 International Journal of Web Technology
http://iirpublications.com ISSN: 2278-2389
26
programmable gain instrumentation amplifier from “Analog
Devices” is used to enhance the signal quality. A heartbeat
sensor from sunroom technologies [12] was selected to measure
the beat rate. This sensor is designed to produce a digital output
equivalent to the heart beat when a finger is placed inside it.
This sensor has an LED that flashes in unison with each heart
beat. The digital output can be connected to a microcontroller
directly to measure the Beats Per Minute (BPM) rate. It works
using the principle of light modulation by blood flow through
the finger at each pulse.For measuring the patient’s activity and
guarding against the possibility of falling down, an
ADXL213Accelerometer Sensor is used. It’s low cost,
±1.2g Dual and measures both static (Gravity) and dynamic
acceleration (Vibration). The accelerometer is used in order to
determine whether the patient is stable and is in good
position (standing or sitting) or has fallen down (sudden
vertical change of the position). This sensor provides a digital
output and can be connected directly to the microcontroller,
without the need for a conditioning circuit. The Duty cycles of
the digital signals are proportional to acceleration and the
typical noise floor is 160 g/ Hz [13].The complete hardware
unit (sensors integrated with the ZigBee module and a battery
pack) was implemented and housed inside an enclosure with
dimensions (19 x 9 x 5 cm) as shown in Figure 3.
The XBee Gateway: shown in Figure 2 is used to provide
gateway functionality between the ZigBee network and the
Ethernet. This gateway device collect data from the
coordinator packetize it and via the TCP/IP layer, data is sent
and stored in the main server where a database is used to
keep records of the patients’ history.
Figure 1. Monitoring Network
III. SYSTEMSOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT AND
TESTING
The P-Nodes (units carried by the patients) together with M-
Nodes (units carried by the nurse) and Z-Coor work in a star
topology formation. Using this topology, every device in
the network can communicate only with Z-Coor.All units
are programmed using C. Appropriate code was developed
to carry out various functions such as configuring and
enabling the A/D converters, reading of data via specific
ports or channels, programming the timers, calculating the
acceleration, acquiring sensed data and formatting of
payloads for transmission, etc.Each P-Node carried by a
patient has a unique ID (Node ID). A frame that includes this
nodeID, Room Temperature, Heart Rate, Body Temperature,
and computed Acceleration is created and sent to the Z-
Coor. Table 1 shows the frame format and content. The “OK”
indicator corresponding to the accelerometer field indicates
that the patient’s orientation is normal.
TABLE I. P-Node Frame
Figure 2. System Hardware
Architecture
On the receiving side, the M-Node unit (carried by the Nurse
or Doctor) extracts the readings from the received frame and
displays them on a wide LCD. Figure 3(b) shows an actual
screen shot for the M- Node during the testing. Based on
these readings, the nurse can assess the condition of a given
patient and decide if a rectifying action needs to be taken or
not.Also, the system can send an SMS message to the mobile
of the on call physician. A screen shot from the physician’s
mobile is shown in Figure 4.On the server side, PHP and
MySql were used. PHP code is developed to implement the
web pages. A nurse or physician can register as many patients
as possible and save this in a database. Moreover, the
nurse or physician can monitor patients using the PHP web
pages. The PHP pages will retrieve data from the database
andpostthemontheweb page
.
Figure 3. (a) P-Node unit and (b) M-Node screen.
MySQL database is the world's most popular open
source database. MySql has many advantages that
make it popular and desired, e.g. fast performance,
high reliability, ease of use, and cost savings. A
Database called “hospitalgroup” was created with
simply two tables. The first table is called “patientinfo”
and stores data such as patient’s ID, name, room
3. Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Web Technology
Volume: 02 Issue: 02 December 2013 Page No.25-27
ISSN: 2278-2389
27
number and threshold values for temperature and heart
rate
Figure 4. Screen shot from the Physician’s mobile phone.
These values are determined by the patient’s physician and
if the patient’s readings exceed these values the system
will automatically send an alarm SMS using the GSM
network to the doctor. The other table is called “records” and
stores the patient’s records or history of readings of the
various signs. An Apache webserver was used in the
experimental set up. For SMS notifications, a GSM modem
was used, Eclipse Java was used to program this modem.
Figure 4 depicts a sample display of a patient with ID number
16 showing his temperature and heart rate, indicating that
these two sensed values have exceeded the pr-specified stored
thresholds for this patient and that therefore an SMS alert
message is sent to the physician.Figure 5 is flowchart for the
data flow analog with the experimental setup displayed in
Figure 6.
IV. CONCLUSIONS
The paper discusses the implementation of a monitoring
system targeting patients on a hospital floor. The system
consists of end units carried by patients that collect sensed
data (health sign readings) and transmit it to a coordinator unit
at the hands of the floor nurse. This is implemented using a
ZigBee-based network. Such wireless environments provide
patients with the ability to move around and feel confident
Figure 5. Data Flow Flowchart
Figure 6. System Experimental Setup.
when in the mood to stride for a walk or a stretch within
a pre-defined vicinity. They can also contribute to cost
reduction efforts in health care.The proposed prototype was
tested in a laboratory setting by monitoring the heartb eat,
temperature and acceleration of few subjects. The readings
obtained using the ZigBee wireless network were compared
against reading collected using regular static devices such as a
thermostat placed under the patient’s tongue, or by using a
stethoscope to measure the beat for calibration purposes. At
this stage of the project implementation, the differences are
tolerable, further fine tuning is needed in the heart beat
measurement.The tested candidates felt that the enclosed
device was light and did not cause them any discomfort. A
major limitation was the ZigBee transmission/ reception
range. The SMS alerting mechanism using the GSM
network worked reliably.
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