The document provides a review of intelligent transport systems (ITS) focusing on user mobility and the implementation of advanced technology to improve travel safety and efficiency. It discusses the components, architecture, and challenges of ITS, emphasizing the need for effective data acquisition and analysis through reality mining to enhance decision-making in transportation. The framework proposed aims to utilize existing data effectively while adapting to the complexities of modern transport systems.

1. Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Web Technology
Volume: 02 Issue: 02 December 2013 Page No.56-58
ISSN: 2278-2419
56
Deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems
Based on User Mobility to be Endowed in Smart
Transit: Review
P.A.Pragasa Mary1
, D.Pugazhenthi2
1
Research Scholar, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
2
Assistant Professor, Quaid-E-Millath Govt College for Women (A) Anna Salai ,Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Email: pragasamary76@gmail.com, pugazh006@gmail.com
Abstract—The emerging increase in vehicles and very high
traffic, demands the need for improved Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS). The available ITSs do not meet all the
requirements of the present day situation in providing
safetravels and avoidance of congestionin spite of its
limitations on road. Intelligent Transport Systemsrequiremore
research and implementation of better solutions on the traffic
network with increased mobility and more rapid acquisition of
data by sense network technology. In this paper a review is
made on the present ITS where research is required so that
improvement in the course of implementing reality mining can
enhance the behavior of ITS. This will breed a forward leap in
the improvement of safety and convenience of personal and
commercial travel and in turn guarantee an ultimate drop in
fatality in the society.
Keywords—ITS, TMC, Reality Mining, user-place data.
I. INTRODUCTION
When the first wheel was put on the first cart traffic became a
part of man’s life [1]. The mere fact that traffic is now part of
man leaves him with no choice but to better his life with it in
play. The fundamental purpose for the development of
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is to provide a
comfortable and safe travelling environment to drivers,
passengers and even pedestrians.Furthermore, arriving to a
destination is one thing and arriving in time is another. Due to
congestion that is caused by so many vehicles, the latter may
not be realized totally. ITSs apply communication and
information technology to provide solutions to this congestion
as well as other traffic control issues [1] [2].ITSs play a vital
role in the improvement of traffic flow. This is achieved with
the assistance from the advanced communication technologies
in the infrastructure and in vehicles which relieve the user
from congestion and provide enhanced safety. The way the
ITS works depends on the overall standardized systems
architecture but it may vary from regional to national
architecture that is to say, it may vary from country to country
and changes may evolve[3]. ITS has its start from acquisition
of automated information from an infrastructure and
transferring the valid data to traffic management centers where
the analysis of the data is done and then reliable information
about the traffic is given to the public/traveler. The article is
arranged as follows. Section II gives the basic model of ITS,
Section III gives the brief components of ITS, Section IV is
about how the application modules can be arranged basing on
its users and Section V provides a new Framework giving the
research that can be done on the users’ mobility. Based on it,
solutions to traffic related issues can be obtained.
II. CONCEPTUAL MODEL-ITS
From Fig.1 People, roads and vehicles are the essential
abstraction of ITS.
ITS
PEOPLE
ROADS VEHICLES
Electronic Toll Variable Message Signs, Weather
Information System, Fleet Management etc.,
Fig. 1 Conceptual Model of ITS
A mass variety of ITSs require communication with the
vehicles and the infrastructure. This involves bidirectional
communication which generates new capabilities and the
results are provided to the end users [4]. Users are those who
directly receive the data and can act towards it or even control
it. These elements should be coherent, efficient and simplified
in support of cooperation between them, interoperability and
consistency. Then a frame work has to be developed for
designing these systems [5].
III. COMPONENTS OF ITS
Nowadays technologies deal with the ability to sense the
presence and identity of vehicles through the devices on road
or by Global Positioning Systems (GPS). They transmit the
large amount of data obtained to advanced information
technologies for processing producing efficient and reliable
data valid to the users that can help them to make informed
decisions[6]The Traffic Management Center (TMC) is the hub
of atransportation management system, where information ab
out the transportation network is collected and combined with
other operational and control data to manage the transportation
network and to produce traveler information [7].
The TMC integrates the following:
 Traffic signals – from which real time information/data
can be received.

2. Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Web Technology
Volume: 02 Issue: 02 December 2013 Page No.56-58
ISSN: 2278-2419
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 Surveillance cameras –live images from surveillance
camera are another type of input.
 Enforcement camera –the recordings from this equipment
is used to find out if there is violation of traffic[7]
The Traffic Management Centre (TMC) is a control and
command center located at headquarters of a location to
enhance the ITS. The real-time data is incorporated and
processed and the required action is taken. A localized
distribution of data is adopted to achieve different goals of the
traffic management system. With the TMC the transportation
system efficiency can be improved enhancing mobility and
safety. The efficiency of the ITS depends on the effective
functioning of TMC, which in turn depends on its components.
The components of the TMC include:
1) Data Acquisition:
Rapid and accurate data acquisition from real-time
monitoring systems is critical. The collected reliable data is a
base to the ITS. It has a good data acquisition-communication-
management system containing a combination of a tested
hardware and efficient software. The ITS equipment
commonly uses Laser, radar, microwave detectors, AVI, AVL,
GPS, magnetic detectors, Bluetooth, sensors, video and sense
networks, acquired from the devices which are used as an
input to find the current situation at a particular place for the
guidance of the public [8].
2) Data Analysis:
Quality data has to be generated to get clean and reliable
results. Analysis of statistical data includes cleaning, fusion
and analysis. The TMC checks for the data collected from
various inputs. The inaccurate data is weeded out but the clean
data has to be retained. Moreover there may be a requirement
to fuse the data from different devices for future analysis.
Forecast of traffic states can be decided by analyzing and
estimating from the fused data. Then the appropriate useful
information is provided to the users.
3) Communication Tools:
The efficiency of anITS is also based on how quick and
reliable communication is in forwarding the collected data,the
analysis of the acquired data from a location and the delivery
of results to the public. Results are deployed to the public with
help of media like SMS, web pages and from onboard units[8].
IV. MODULES OF ITS
To enhance the transportation network and to satisfy the needs
of a user of ITS, building a new infrastructure and modifying
the existing are the two strategies that can be followed. The
analysis of ITS architecture with respect to other countries
reflects a similar philosophy with slight differences. So, it has
been confided to a specific categorization. Here an attempt is
made to cluster it based on class of users jaunt appropriate to
their objective with ITS as their transportation guidance which
guarantees driver security [9].
1. Individual Travelers:
2. Driver on Commercial Vehicles
3. Sightseer Travel Plan
4. Incident Detection Personnel
5. Customer’s Parking Counselor
6. Officials hands on Monitoring Systems
1. Individual Travelers:
These types of ITS use software are in common according
totherequiredspecifications.
Fig. 2 Unique Features in the Modules
2. Driver on Commercial Vehicles:
• Connects motor carriers and regulatory agencies.
3. Sightseer Travel Plan
• Detects unsafe conditions
• To avoid crashes travellers are warned to take an
appropriate action.
• Alerts of approaching dangerous curves, off ramps.
• Gives a caution about the presence of pedestrians.
4. Incident Detection Personnel
• Surveillance and detection
• Mobilization and response
• Information dissemination
• Clearance and recovery
5. Customer’s Parking Counselor
• Level of integration
• Data Collection and Archiving
• System performance and Modeling
6. Officials hands on Monitoring Systems
• Decision support systems
• Predictive information & Performance monitoring
These applications uses a variety of technologies, including
sensors, detectors, cameras, Internet websites, television and
Radio, inform them to make decisions regarding trip
departures, routes, and mode of travel etc.,. At the
extreme,these systems aim to minimize the errors done by the
driver, in some cases a fully automated cruise control system
takes control of the vehicle away from the driver and manages
forcefully driving on its own control. Many features like
collision alert and avoidance control, condition of the driver
and his current performance monitoring, vision enhancement,
speed control in an highway etc. can be added to the Fig.2.[9].
[10] describes the existing features like Mobile Ad-hoc
Networks, the challenge on implementing realistic simulation
of Inter Vehicle Communication (IVC) protocols and
emphasis on need for realistic mobility generation for Indian
Automotive Intelligent Transport System.
V. FRAMEWORK OF ITS
All the other source of data pertains to maintenance of the
system with respect to its hardware which may be a costly.
Moreover implementing them may be more labor and time
consuming to provide remarkable insights to aggregate human
activity. Here there is an introduction of new type of acquiring
data in Data Mining called Reality Mining.
Data Analysis:
ü Traveller Behavior
•Shopping
•Work
•Friends
Spatial and Time-Based Cleaning
Data Acquisition:
Mobile
TMC
Clustering Algorithms
Decision Making
Dissemination
Name + Location
Aggregate Human Activity
Fig. 3 Framework of ITS
PC Tablet Mobile
…………
It is the name coined by Alex(Sandy) Pentland of MIT and
Tony Jebara of Columbia University; have a company called

3. Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Web Technology
Volume: 02 Issue: 02 December 2013 Page No.56-58
ISSN: 2278-2419
58
Sense Networks. Many devices are being used by the business
people who constantly send their location information.
Millions of consumers are bound to use location-based devices
for finding the nearby services, friends and family, navigating,
games, and hobbies. This has resulted in massive historical
database and real-time streaming location information which
as such might not be useful to proceeding further. Then on
these large scale pattern movement analysis and learning is
done to identify the classes of behaviors in specific context.An
appropriate clustering algorithm is applied after the spatial and
time-based cleaning is done on massive datasets, supplied to
networks, allowing the business to understand the traveler’s
patterns and provide remarkable insights to aggregate human
activity. The information is received by any device where the
customization of output or the decision making can be done
[11].
VI. CONCLUSION
The use of ITS will become mandatory in the near future.
There is a need of great demand in giving a worthy ITS where
there is a large complex variations in putting together
technologies to work. So, ITS framework has been developed
so that the existing data can be used effectively without the
creation of newdata or by using any other devices in turn
usesthe recent upcoming technology. The main objective of
the framework is to collect the reliable and efficient data using
reality mining were an efficient algorithm can be developed
for the refinement of data which acts as an input for the future
ITS. The duplication of large data can be avoided. Regarding
the security the user can be allowed to customize their details
according to their convenience.This framework can be still
enhanced to act as a template which is appreciated for the
upcoming implementation of ITS.
REFERENCES
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[2] Fujise, Masayuki, Akihito Kato, Katsuyoshi Sato, and Hiroshi Harada.
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[3] Bob Williams,”Intelligent Transport Systems Standard”, Artech House,
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[4] Lino Figueiredo, Isabel Jesus, J. A. Tenreiro Machado, Jose Rui Ferreira,
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[7] http://www.bangaloretrafficpolice.gov.in/TMC.pdf
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