This document discusses the properties and behavior of nano materials, which are between 1-100 nm in size. It explains that nano materials exhibit quantum effects and large surface area to volume ratios, resulting in new optical, mechanical, and chemical properties not seen in bulk materials. The document also notes that nano materials are difficult to study directly due to their small size and exhibit fluctuations that make them hard to model theoretically. Finally, it outlines obstacles to nano material research, such as high costs and the need for long term investments.

1. By : Ashish Goel
Manisha
Kusum lata

2. NANO Materials
In it particle size is 1-100 nm. It gives a beautiful new
array of properties which typically are not found in bulk
materials .
As we cannot see so much smaller particles. To
understand it, we use the technique called
SEM.

3. Bulk properties of any material are
nearly the average of all the forces
affecting the atoms. As we make
things smaller and smaller, we
eventually reach a point where
averaging no longer works.

5. Behaviour of NANO Particles :::

6. Quantum Effect :::
Usually electrons are delocalized in nature, But
in nanometer dimension , we confine them that leads to localization of
electrons. As a result electrons energy level changes.
Large Surface to Volume ratio Effect :::
This makes the
materials more reactive. eg. Metals of so called grain size of around 10
nm are 7 times harder and tougher than ordinary counterpart.

7. Lighter
Stronger
Faster
Smaller
More Durable

14. too small for direct measurements
too large to be described by current rigorous first
principle theoretical and computational methods
exhibit too many fluctuations to be treated
monolithically in time and space

15. Obstacles and Hurdles
 Mass Production and Cost Constraints
 Funding Requires Long-Term Investments