The document discusses diseases and their causes. It thanks the teacher and principal for allowing the student to do a project on diseases. It defines diseases as impairments that disturb vital functions and are caused by environmental, infectious, genetic, or immune system factors. It lists examples of different types of diseases including physical, infectious, deficiency, inherited, degenerative, and social diseases. It provides details on polio and typhoid, including their symptoms, prevention, and treatment.

2.  I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude
to my teacher miss aditi as well as our principal Mrs.
Neelam singh who gave me the golden opportunity to do
this wonderful project on the topic “diseases” which
also helped me doing a lot of research and I came to
know about many new things.
 I would also like to thanks my parents and friends who
helped me a lot in finishing this project within time.

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8. Diseases can be defined as an impairment of the
normal state of the living organism that disturbs
the performance of the vital functions and is a
response to environmental factors to specific
infective agents, to inherent defects of the
organism or to combination of these factors.

10. 
The important internal factors which affect human health are:
i. Malfunctioning or improper functioning of various body parts.
ii. Genetic disorder;
iii. Hormonal imbalances
iv. Malfunctioning of immune system
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The important external factors which affect human health are:
i. Unbalanced diet
ii. Disease causing microorganisms
iii. Environmental pollutants
iv. Tobacco, alcohol etc.

11. Type of disease Causes of disease example
a. Physical Temporary or permanent
damage to body parts.
Bone fracture, leprosy
b. infectious Invasion of the body by
other organisms
Typhoid, diarrhoea,
malaria
c. deficiency Inadequate diet Marasmus, beri-beri,
goitre
d. inherited Defective genes passed on
from parents to offspring
Anaemia, cystic fibrosis
e. degenerative Organs and tissues wear
away and do not work so
well
Poor sight, hearing
defects
f. social Brain damage depression

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15. e.g. , cholera infectious disease can also
spread through water. This occurs if the stool from someone suffering from
an infectious gut disease, such as cholera or amoebiasis, gets mixed with the
drinking water used by people living nearby.
3. : e.g., syphilis and AIDS. Both
of these pathogens are transmitted by sexual contact from one partner to the
other. However , such sexually transmitted diseases are not spread by casual
physical contact.

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29. Poliomyelitis is a disease of the nervous system caused
by one of the smallest known virus, called polio
virus. polio is a kind of paralysis.
SYMPTOMS- headache and sore throat are common.
The patient suffers from fever, vomiting, muscular
pain, stiffness in the neck.
PREVENTION- complete rest physiotherapy is helpful.
Exercising of legs is done to reduce the paralytic
effect. oral polio vaccine is given .

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34. Typhoid is most common infectious or
communicable disease of INDIA. Typhoid fever is
common in humans of the 1to15 years age
group.
SYMPTOMS- headache and typhoid fever which
rises maximum in the afternoon. The
temperature increases each day in the first
weak.
PREVENTION-typhoral oral vaccine also prevents
typhoid
CONTROL- there are standard drugs which cure
typhoid..

37. NAME : PRIYANKA DUTTA
CLASS : IX- D
ROLL NO. : 31
SUBJECT : SCIENCE
SUBMITTED TO :
ADITI MAM
SUBMITTED BY :
PRIYANKA DUTTA