This document discusses what history is and why it is important to study. It defines history as a branch of knowledge that records and explains past events. Key reasons to study history include: to understand the roots of our current culture, learn from past mistakes, examine trends that repeat throughout history, learn historical facts, and understand how society has been shaped over time. The document outlines that historians investigate the past through a variety of primary and secondary sources. Primary sources were created during the time period being studied, while secondary sources interpret and analyze primary sources.
History is the past as it is described in written documents, and the study thereof. Events occurring before written records are considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events.
History is the past as it is described in written documents, and the study thereof. Events occurring before written records are considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events.
Definition of Historical Research
View on Values of H. Research
Questions Pursued in H. Research
Characteristics of H. Research
Steps in Conducting H. Research
Strengths and Limitations of H. Research
Sample Study
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4. WHAT DO OTHERS SAY?
• a branch of knowledge that records
and explains past events –Merriam-
Webster
• the study of or a record of past
events considered together,
especially events of a particular
period, country, or subject –
Cambridge Dictionaries Online
5. WHY DO WE STUDY HISTORY?
• To know more about the roots of our current culture.
Why is this important?
• To learn about the mistakes of those who have gone
before us.
Why is this important?
• To learn about human nature in general by looking at
trends that repeat through history.
Why is this important?
• To learn historical facts.
Why is this important?
• To learn about how different factors shape society e.g.
religion, greed, the intersection of different cultures,
technology, etc.
Why is this important?
6. WHY IS HISTORY IMPORTANT?
In sum, we study history
to learn about who we
are—both our past and
our present.
12. HISTORY IS A MYSTERY TO BE
SOLVED
• Finding out about history is a lot like
trying to solve a mystery…
• You must look for clues.
• You must interpret those clues
• You must bring all the clues together to
shed light on each other.
• You must reinterpret each clue every time
you find a new clue.
• You must then try fill in the gaps and
come to an educated conclusion.
13. SOURCES
•Scholars call anything that gives us a clue about
history “Sources.”
•Sources fall into two major categories
•Primary Sources, and, you guessed it,
•Secondary Sources.
15. PRIMARY SOURCES
A primary source is a document or
physical object which was written or
created during the time under study.
These sources were present during an
experience or time period and offer an
inside view of a particular event.
24. MORE EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY
SOURCES
•Diaries
•Poetry
•Personal Interviews
•Government Documents
•Autobiographies
•Peer-reviewed journal
articles of new findings
•Photographs
•Video
•Etc.
25. SECONDARY SOURCES
What do you think is meant by
Secondary Source?
A secondary source interprets and
analyzes primary sources. These
sources are one or more steps
removed from the event.
26. WHAT ARE INCLUDED AS
SECONDARY SOURCES?
• Textbooks
• Encyclopedias
• Magazine or
news articles
dealing with
issues from the
past
27. WHICH KIND OF SOURCE DO YOU
THINK WE’LL BE LOOKING AT?
Secondary!
Editor's Notes
Ask students to identify what they see in the photos…i.e. buildings, painting, texts, artifacts,
For each photo, ask “Why did I pick this picture to represent historical investigation” Answers: Girl looking back: we are looking back into our past; motorcycle: we look back so we can drive forward better; shades/camera: in history, we are recording what happened, like a camera, and at the same time we are seeing a reflection of ourselves; Girl with earings: we study history so we can be prettier as a human race (improve ourselves); broken: we don’t have a perfect picture of the past, we have to piece together what we have and make an educated guess at what the truth is about the past.
With each of these, ask the students to guess based on the pictures. Then ask them how each profession might be involved in historical inquiry
Ask: So what does this mean about what we know about history? (At least one important correct answer is that most of the time, what we know is only partial and so not completely reliable. We have to always keep an open mind that we don’t know the whole story and therefore, what we think we know may be a little or even a lot wrong.)
Ask: what do you think is meant by “primary sources” and by “secondary sources”?
Ask what is important for historical investigation about each news excerpt presented: slaves: general cultural practices; Massacre: important events; Married: trace lineage; wonder of wonders: not always reliable.