The document discusses key aspects of government, including that it is an institution through which a society makes and enforces public policies, and that all governments exercise executive, legislative, and judicial powers. It also discusses democracy, free enterprise, the Articles of Confederation, weaknesses of the Articles, Shay's Rebellion, and the 1787 Constitutional Convention.

1. What is
Government???

2. Government

3. Government
• An institution through which a society makes and
enforces public policies

4. Government
• An institution through which a society makes and
enforces public policies
• All governments have and exercise three kinds of
power

5. Government
• An institution through which a society makes and
enforces public policies
• All governments have and exercise three kinds of
power
• Executive

6. Government
• An institution through which a society makes and
enforces public policies
• All governments have and exercise three kinds of
power
• Executive
• The power to execute, enforce and administer laws

7. Government
• An institution through which a society makes and
enforces public policies
• All governments have and exercise three kinds of
power
• Executive
• The power to execute, enforce and administer laws
• Legislative

8. Government
• An institution through which a society makes and
enforces public policies
• All governments have and exercise three kinds of
power
• Executive
• The power to execute, enforce and administer laws
• Legislative
• The power to make and frame public policies

9. Government
• An institution through which a society makes and
enforces public policies
• All governments have and exercise three kinds of
power
• Executive
• The power to execute, enforce and administer laws
• Legislative
• The power to make and frame public policies
• Judicial

10. Government
• An institution through which a society makes and
enforces public policies
• All governments have and exercise three kinds of
power
• Executive
• The power to execute, enforce and administer laws
• Legislative
• The power to make and frame public policies
• Judicial
• The power to interpret laws and settle disputes

11. Democracy

12. Democracy
1. A recognition of the fundamental worth and
dignity of each person

13. Democracy
1. A recognition of the fundamental worth and
dignity of each person
2.A respect for the equality of each person

14. Democracy
1. A recognition of the fundamental worth and
dignity of each person
2.A respect for the equality of each person
3.A faith in the majority rule and instance on
protection of minority rights

15. Democracy
1. A recognition of the fundamental worth and
dignity of each person
2.A respect for the equality of each person
3.A faith in the majority rule and instance on
protection of minority rights
4.An acceptance of the necessity of compromise

16. Democracy
1. A recognition of the fundamental worth and
dignity of each person
2.A respect for the equality of each person
3.A faith in the majority rule and instance on
protection of minority rights
4.An acceptance of the necessity of compromise
5.An instance on individual freedom

17. Free Enterprise

18. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics

19. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics
• Usually referred to as Capitalism

20. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics
• Usually referred to as Capitalism
• As important as the political system

21. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics
• Usually referred to as Capitalism
• As important as the political system
• Private and corporate ownership of capital goods

22. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics
• Usually referred to as Capitalism
• As important as the political system
• Private and corporate ownership of capital goods
• Based of four fundamental factors

23. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics
• Usually referred to as Capitalism
• As important as the political system
• Private and corporate ownership of capital goods
• Based of four fundamental factors
1. Private ownership

24. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics
• Usually referred to as Capitalism
• As important as the political system
• Private and corporate ownership of capital goods
• Based of four fundamental factors
1. Private ownership
2. Individual initiative

25. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics
• Usually referred to as Capitalism
• As important as the political system
• Private and corporate ownership of capital goods
• Based of four fundamental factors
1. Private ownership
2. Individual initiative
3. Profit

26. Free Enterprise
• The American system of economics
• Usually referred to as Capitalism
• As important as the political system
• Private and corporate ownership of capital goods
• Based of four fundamental factors
1. Private ownership
2. Individual initiative
3. Profit
4. Competition

27. American
Democracy

28. Articles of
Confederation

29. Articles of
Confederation
• The United States’ first attempt at government

30. Articles of
Confederation
• The United States’ first attempt at government
• Created by the original 13 states

31. Articles of
Confederation
• The United States’ first attempt at government
• Created by the original 13 states
• Adopted March 1, 1781 and remained until
March, 1789

32. Articles of
Confederation
• The United States’ first attempt at government
• Created by the original 13 states
• Adopted March 1, 1781 and remained until
March, 1789
• Very weak because the states feared one central
power

33. Articles of
Confederation

34. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure

35. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote

36. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote
• Lead by the “Presiding Officer” chosen by the body

37. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote
• Lead by the “Presiding Officer” chosen by the body
• Could make war and treaties, borrow money, establish post offices, build a navy,
raise and army, and settle disputes among states

38. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote
• Lead by the “Presiding Officer” chosen by the body
• Could make war and treaties, borrow money, establish post offices, build a navy,
raise and army, and settle disputes among states
• State Obligations

39. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote
• Lead by the “Presiding Officer” chosen by the body
• Could make war and treaties, borrow money, establish post offices, build a navy,
raise and army, and settle disputes among states
• State Obligations
• Pledged to obey the decisions of the Congress

40. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote
• Lead by the “Presiding Officer” chosen by the body
• Could make war and treaties, borrow money, establish post offices, build a navy,
raise and army, and settle disputes among states
• State Obligations
• Pledged to obey the decisions of the Congress
• Provide the funds and troops requested by Congress

41. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote
• Lead by the “Presiding Officer” chosen by the body
• Could make war and treaties, borrow money, establish post offices, build a navy,
raise and army, and settle disputes among states
• State Obligations
• Pledged to obey the decisions of the Congress
• Provide the funds and troops requested by Congress
• Respect decisions made in other states

42. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote
• Lead by the “Presiding Officer” chosen by the body
• Could make war and treaties, borrow money, establish post offices, build a navy,
raise and army, and settle disputes among states
• State Obligations
• Pledged to obey the decisions of the Congress
• Provide the funds and troops requested by Congress
• Respect decisions made in other states
• Allow open travel between states

43. Articles of
Confederation
• Government Structure
• Unicameral Congress, each state had one vote
• Lead by the “Presiding Officer” chosen by the body
• Could make war and treaties, borrow money, establish post offices, build a navy,
raise and army, and settle disputes among states
• State Obligations
• Pledged to obey the decisions of the Congress
• Provide the funds and troops requested by Congress
• Respect decisions made in other states
• Allow open travel between states
• Protect life and property and promote the general welfare

44. Weaknesses of the
Articles

45. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation

46. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax

47. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds

48. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds
• Congress was in debt from the revolution and states did not contribute enough
money

49. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds
• Congress was in debt from the revolution and states did not contribute enough
money
• Trade

50. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds
• Congress was in debt from the revolution and states did not contribute enough
money
• Trade
• No way to regulate commerce between states

51. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds
• Congress was in debt from the revolution and states did not contribute enough
money
• Trade
• No way to regulate commerce between states
• Crippled the early economic system

52. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds
• Congress was in debt from the revolution and states did not contribute enough
money
• Trade
• No way to regulate commerce between states
• Crippled the early economic system
• Enforcement

53. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds
• Congress was in debt from the revolution and states did not contribute enough
money
• Trade
• No way to regulate commerce between states
• Crippled the early economic system
• Enforcement
• No way to force the states to comply

54. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds
• Congress was in debt from the revolution and states did not contribute enough
money
• Trade
• No way to regulate commerce between states
• Crippled the early economic system
• Enforcement
• No way to force the states to comply
• 9 of 13 states had to agree

55. Weaknesses of the
Articles
• Taxation
• Congress did not have the power to tax
• Had to borrow and ask states for funds
• Congress was in debt from the revolution and states did not contribute enough
money
• Trade
• No way to regulate commerce between states
• Crippled the early economic system
• Enforcement
• No way to force the states to comply
• 9 of 13 states had to agree
• Articles could only be changed with unanimous consent

56. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)

57. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Western Massachusetts citizens could not pay their debt

58. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Western Massachusetts citizens could not pay their debt
• Foreign and interstate trade laws were complicated under
the Articles

59. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Western Massachusetts citizens could not pay their debt
• Foreign and interstate trade laws were complicated under
the Articles
• Many people lost jobs

60. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Western Massachusetts citizens could not pay their debt
• Foreign and interstate trade laws were complicated under
the Articles
• Many people lost jobs
• Farmers were unable to sell their goods at a decent price

61. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Western Massachusetts citizens could not pay their debt
• Foreign and interstate trade laws were complicated under
the Articles
• Many people lost jobs
• Farmers were unable to sell their goods at a decent price
• People were put in jail and their land was seized for not
paying taxes

62. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Western Massachusetts citizens could not pay their debt
• Foreign and interstate trade laws were complicated under
the Articles
• Many people lost jobs
• Farmers were unable to sell their goods at a decent price
• People were put in jail and their land was seized for not
paying taxes

63. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)

64. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Daniel Shay (former Captain in the Continental Army)
took up arms and lead 1200 farmers in a revolt against
the MA government

65. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Daniel Shay (former Captain in the Continental Army)
took up arms and lead 1200 farmers in a revolt against
the MA government
• The rebellion focused on a building used for storing
weapons

66. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• Daniel Shay (former Captain in the Continental Army)
took up arms and lead 1200 farmers in a revolt against
the MA government
• The rebellion focused on a building used for storing
weapons
• The weapons were owned by the national government,
but the protestors didn’t care

67. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)

68. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• The national government was weak and couldn’t do
anything

69. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• The national government was weak and couldn’t do
anything
• Massachusetts was able to call up a militia to put down
the revolt

70. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• The national government was weak and couldn’t do
anything
• Massachusetts was able to call up a militia to put down
the revolt
• Four protestors died in the fighting

71. Shay’s Rebellion
(1786-1787)
• The national government was weak and couldn’t do
anything
• Massachusetts was able to call up a militia to put down
the revolt
• Four protestors died in the fighting
• Showed a need for a strong central government

72. SECOND CONSTITUTIONAL
CONVENTION of 1787

73. SECOND CONSTITUTIONAL
CONVENTION of 1787
• Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: May 25, 1787

74. SECOND CONSTITUTIONAL
CONVENTION of 1787
• Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: May 25, 1787
• Delegates met to fix the Articles

75. SECOND CONSTITUTIONAL
CONVENTION of 1787
• Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: May 25, 1787
• Delegates met to fix the Articles
• They ended up creating an entirely new document

76. SECOND CONSTITUTIONAL
CONVENTION of 1787
• Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: May 25, 1787
• Delegates met to fix the Articles
• They ended up creating an entirely new document
• The new law of the United States was framed in 1787
and ratified by all of the states in 1789

77. SECOND CONSTITUTIONAL
CONVENTION of 1787
• Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: May 25, 1787
• Delegates met to fix the Articles
• They ended up creating an entirely new document
• The new law of the United States was framed in 1787
and ratified by all of the states in 1789
• The new document is fluid and has systems for
modifying and amending