Wet grinder consists of granite stones which rotate inside a metal drum with the help of an electric motor and the food grains get crushed between the stone and drum.
A microwave oven, is a kitchen appliance that can come in many different sizes and styles employing microwave radiation primarily to cook or heat food. This is accomplished by using microwaves, almost always emitted from a magnetron, to excite water (primarily) and other polarized molecules within the food to be heated. This excitation is fairly uniform, leading to food being heated everywhere all at once
Mr. C.S.Satheesh, M.E.,
Servomotor
Control motors
Two Phase AC Servo Motor
Three Phase AC Servo Motor
DC Servo Motor
AC Servo Motor
Control Type Synchro.
Torque Transmission Type Synchro
Synchros
A supercapacitor or ultra capacitor is an electrochemical capacitor that has an unusually high energy density when compared to common capacitors. They are of particular interest in automotive applications for hybrid vehicles and as supplementary storage for battery electric vehicles.
A microwave oven, is a kitchen appliance that can come in many different sizes and styles employing microwave radiation primarily to cook or heat food. This is accomplished by using microwaves, almost always emitted from a magnetron, to excite water (primarily) and other polarized molecules within the food to be heated. This excitation is fairly uniform, leading to food being heated everywhere all at once
Mr. C.S.Satheesh, M.E.,
Servomotor
Control motors
Two Phase AC Servo Motor
Three Phase AC Servo Motor
DC Servo Motor
AC Servo Motor
Control Type Synchro.
Torque Transmission Type Synchro
Synchros
A supercapacitor or ultra capacitor is an electrochemical capacitor that has an unusually high energy density when compared to common capacitors. They are of particular interest in automotive applications for hybrid vehicles and as supplementary storage for battery electric vehicles.
An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines. An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators. Large 50 or 60 Hz three phase alternators in power plants generate most of the world's electric power, which is distributed by electric power grids.
Optical flats are cylindrical in form with the working surfaces flat.
An optical flat may be of any transparent material usually glass with two highly polished surfaces.
A thermocouple is a temperature-measuring device consisting of two dissimilar conductors that contact each other at one or more spots. It produces a voltage when the temperature of one of the spots differs from the reference temperature at other parts of the circuit.
1. THERMOCOUPLE
∙ Principle of Operation
∙ Materials Used
∙ Advantages
∙ Applications
∙ Comparison with RTD
∙ Limitations
By
AnandBongir
GirjashankarMishra
2. A thermocouple is a junction between two different metals that produces a voltage related to a temperature difference.
3. Principle of Operation
Thermocouples are based on the principle that two wires made of dissimilar materials connected at either end will generate a potential between the two ends that is a function of the materials and temperature difference between the two ends (also called the Seebeck Effect).
4. Seebeck Effect
5.
6. Materials Used
Type K:
Chromel – Alumel
• Range: −200 °C to +1350 °C
• Sensi: 41 µV/°C
Type J:
Iron – Constantan
• −40 to +750 °C
• 55 µV/°C
Type E:
Chromel – Constantan
• 401 to 900° C
• 68 µV/°C
Type N:
Nicrosil – Nisil
• >1200 °C
• 39 µV/°C
7. Advantages
It is rugged in construction
Covers a wide temperature range
Using extension leads and compensating cables, long transmission distances for temperature measurement possible. This is most suitable for temperature measurement of industrial furnaces
Comparatively cheaper in cost
Calibration can be easily checked
Offers good reproducibility
High speed of response
Satisfactory measurement accuracy
8. Limitations
For accurate temperature measurements, cold junction compensation is necessary
The emf induced versus temperature characteristics is somewhat nonlinear
Stray voltage pickup is possible
In many applications, amplification of signal is required
9. Applications
Type B, S, R and K thermocouples are used extensively in the steel and iron industries to monitor temperatures and chemistry throughout the steel making process.
Gas-fed heating appliances such as ovens & water heaters.
In the testing of prototype electrical and mechanical apparatus
Drying is an important unit operation in food processing which aids in preservationthrough the lowering of water activity of the product by evaporation of water. Using a solar dryer is comparatively cheaper and more efficient. Some solar dryersrun
without electrical grid power or fossil fuels. Various kinds of solar dryers that are widely used today. The indirect direct and mixed mode dryers that have shown potential in drying agricultural products in the tropical and subtropical countries are discussed. Aside from identifying the active and passive mode solar dryers, we also high light the environmental influence on solar energy (harnessing) that plays a vital role in the solar drying sector and related technologies that can help improve existingsolar dryers.
An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines. An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators. Large 50 or 60 Hz three phase alternators in power plants generate most of the world's electric power, which is distributed by electric power grids.
Optical flats are cylindrical in form with the working surfaces flat.
An optical flat may be of any transparent material usually glass with two highly polished surfaces.
A thermocouple is a temperature-measuring device consisting of two dissimilar conductors that contact each other at one or more spots. It produces a voltage when the temperature of one of the spots differs from the reference temperature at other parts of the circuit.
1. THERMOCOUPLE
∙ Principle of Operation
∙ Materials Used
∙ Advantages
∙ Applications
∙ Comparison with RTD
∙ Limitations
By
AnandBongir
GirjashankarMishra
2. A thermocouple is a junction between two different metals that produces a voltage related to a temperature difference.
3. Principle of Operation
Thermocouples are based on the principle that two wires made of dissimilar materials connected at either end will generate a potential between the two ends that is a function of the materials and temperature difference between the two ends (also called the Seebeck Effect).
4. Seebeck Effect
5.
6. Materials Used
Type K:
Chromel – Alumel
• Range: −200 °C to +1350 °C
• Sensi: 41 µV/°C
Type J:
Iron – Constantan
• −40 to +750 °C
• 55 µV/°C
Type E:
Chromel – Constantan
• 401 to 900° C
• 68 µV/°C
Type N:
Nicrosil – Nisil
• >1200 °C
• 39 µV/°C
7. Advantages
It is rugged in construction
Covers a wide temperature range
Using extension leads and compensating cables, long transmission distances for temperature measurement possible. This is most suitable for temperature measurement of industrial furnaces
Comparatively cheaper in cost
Calibration can be easily checked
Offers good reproducibility
High speed of response
Satisfactory measurement accuracy
8. Limitations
For accurate temperature measurements, cold junction compensation is necessary
The emf induced versus temperature characteristics is somewhat nonlinear
Stray voltage pickup is possible
In many applications, amplification of signal is required
9. Applications
Type B, S, R and K thermocouples are used extensively in the steel and iron industries to monitor temperatures and chemistry throughout the steel making process.
Gas-fed heating appliances such as ovens & water heaters.
In the testing of prototype electrical and mechanical apparatus
Drying is an important unit operation in food processing which aids in preservationthrough the lowering of water activity of the product by evaporation of water. Using a solar dryer is comparatively cheaper and more efficient. Some solar dryersrun
without electrical grid power or fossil fuels. Various kinds of solar dryers that are widely used today. The indirect direct and mixed mode dryers that have shown potential in drying agricultural products in the tropical and subtropical countries are discussed. Aside from identifying the active and passive mode solar dryers, we also high light the environmental influence on solar energy (harnessing) that plays a vital role in the solar drying sector and related technologies that can help improve existingsolar dryers.
Jato is a traditional type of rotary hand mill or grinder within the Himalayan region of Nepal, Sikkim,Darjeeling and Bhutan used to grind grains. It consists of two round stones disc of which upper part is movable and lower disc are immovable and includes a huge nail or wood (mani) within the center
The top half has two holes in it, one within the middle to insert grains or for feeding purpose and the other on the side to place a wooden handle (hato) for grinding. The grains are grind using a circular motion with the help of the handle and the person has to be sit right down to do the task.
Drum Dryers are extensively used in food industry for their function to dry the products in such a way that they do not lose the essential nutrients present in food products. one of its type i.e. single drum dryer is explained in detail.
Grassroots Innovations Series - I - Home innovationsTeachers of India
We've all used earthen products in the kitchen but a clay fridge? One that does not require electricity and keeps food fresh too? In this series of 'Grassroot Innovations', you will find home innovations that make it easier and cheaper to cook and store food, and wash laundry.
PROSINO animal bone shredder is ideal to shred animal bone from pig, cow, sheep, chicken, donkey and horse etc. Efficiency and High output. Inquiry now!
Check out the best blenders under 100$ at the cheapest price in 2020. Details of blender like power, speed, jar capacity, warranty, rating mentioned in it. To know more visit https://bit.ly/36QmrQp
The information of useful small farm Agricultural Machinery is given in this presentation such as battery-assisted Four wheel weeder, Cono weeder, Wheel hoe, dibbler, vegetable transplanter, Direct paddy seeder, Manual Groundnut Decorticator, Tubular Maize Sheller, 7HP mini tiller and Brush Cutter.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Salas, V. (2024) "John of St. Thomas (Poinsot) on the Science of Sacred Theol...Studia Poinsotiana
I Introduction
II Subalternation and Theology
III Theology and Dogmatic Declarations
IV The Mixed Principles of Theology
V Virtual Revelation: The Unity of Theology
VI Theology as a Natural Science
VII Theology’s Certitude
VIII Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
All the contents are fully attributable to the author, Doctor Victor Salas. Should you wish to get this text republished, get in touch with the author or the editorial committee of the Studia Poinsotiana. Insofar as possible, we will be happy to broker your contact.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
1. E.M.G. YADAVA WOMEN’S COLLEGE, MADURAI-14
(An Autonomous Institution – Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University)
Re-accredited (3rd Cycle) with Grade A+ and CGPA 3.51 by NAAC
THE PHYSICS OF HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES
WET GRINDER
Miss. M.Preethi
Assistant professor
Department of physics
E.M.G Yadava Women’s College, Madurai
2. INTRODUCTION
• Wet grinder is a grinder used with water.
• Wet grinders have a wide application in industry, workshops, and
commercial and domestic kitchens throughout the world.
• Kitchen wet grinders are very popular tools in the South Indian kitchen and
are used to make paste out of soaked grains and lentils
• At one time, a wet grinder consisted of a large rock with a hole in it, where
a cylindrical rock with a wooden handle fit in.
• The grain and lentil mixture was poured in with water and the cylinder
rotated by the handle on the top to grind the food together.
3. Sabapathy developed the
wet grinder in Coimbatore
in 1955.
Sabapathy introduced the
grinders to other cities
such as Chennai and
Madurai.
In 1963, P.B.
krishnamoorthy started
lakshmi grinders which
led to commercial
popularity of wet grinders.
HISTORY
4. Parts of WET Grinder
Motor
Belt
Bearing
Plastic plate
Grinding stone
chain
6. Function of wet grinder
• A grinding machine, often shortened
to grinder, is one of power tools or
machine tools used for grinding, it is
a type of machining using an abrasive
wheel as the cutting tool.
1
• Each grain of abrasive on the wheel's
surface cuts a small chip from the
work piece via shear deformation.
2
7.
8. Grinding Stone
Wet grinders are available with 1 stone
or 2 stone or with 3 stones.
Generally, the more the number of
grinding stones, the faster the grinding
process.
Again it also depends on size of the
stones as well. So if you are looking
wet grinder for personal use at home,
then 2 stone wet grinder will suffice
9. Capacity
• A big family will require a wet grinder with a large drum capacity and vice-
versa. So make your decision accordingly, based on how many members
this purchase will cater to or serve.
• Wet grinders are available starting from 1 L capacity to more than 10 litres
capacity.
• Wet grinders with capacity of 1.25 litres or 1.5 litres or 2 litres or 2.5 litres
are most common ones you could see in the market.
10. MOTOR
The more powerful the motor, the faster
the grinding. So you should also keep
that in mind as many people won’t check
this feature at all.
When you have finalized few models
and not sure what to choose between
them ,then check for the model with
powerful motor as a criteria to pick the
right one.
11. Efficiency
• Efficiency, while talking about wet grinders means efficiency
in two areas.
• Maintenance, being the first with energy being the second.
• Ideally, a wet grinder should be easy to maintain and use
minimum amounts of energy efficiently.
13. Types of Wet Grinder
There are three types of wet grinder :
Mixer grinder: A grinder-mixer is a portable mill that combines
the mixing and grinding operations. Material is held in the grinding chamber
until it is reduced to the size of the openings in the screen.
Stone grinder: It consists of a granite stones which rotate inside a metal drum
with the help of an electric motor and the food grains get crushed between
the stone and drum.
Colloid mill: A colloid mill is a machine that is used to reduce the particle
size of a solid in suspension in a liquid, or to reduce the droplet size in
emulsions. Colloid mills work on the rotor-stator principle: a rotor turns at
high speeds (2000 - 18000 RPM).
14. WORKING
• Wet grinder consists of granite stones which rotate inside a
metal drum with the help of an electric motor and the food
grains get crushed between the stone and drum. ... Second, the
stones remain sharp for a greater time than do metal blades.
• Wet grinders have two advantages over electric
mixers or blenders.
• First, the stone grinder generates less heat than a mixer and
heat affects the flavor of the food. Second, the stones remain
sharp for a greater time than do metal blades.
15. The wet grinder comes in contact with water all
the time.
This appliance comes with a rust-proof stainless
steel drum that can store the batter for more extended
periods.
The 85-Watt motor is strong enough to ensure
perfect grinding while ensuring that it does not heat
up the batter.
16. APPLICATION
• Wet grinders are basically grinding machines used for
grinding scraped coconut, lentils, soaked grains into a fine
paste.
• They are designed for large grinding. Paste for medu vada,
idlis, and dosas can be made at an ease.
• Wet grinders are additionally utilised for grinding masala or
chutneys on a big scale.
17. MAINTENANCE
This may sound a bit fussy, but like
many kitchen utensils it's worth giving
your grinder a quick clean
before it's first proper use.
Wipe it down using isopropyl alcohol
(rubbing alcohol) and get in between the
grooves with cotton bud or toothbrush.
Once it's clean, you are good to go!
18. ADVANTAGE
• There are various reasons due to which people buy a wet
grinder and one of the reasons is that it works faster due to its
heavy powered motor.
• If you want to grind huge quantities of pulses and batter, then a
wet grinder is the right choice.
• If you are looking for a top quality wet grinder that can make a
pure batter with no lumps, then a wet grinder will do the work
effectively.
19. •If you want to operate the wet grinder constantly for a
long time, then you won’t have to face any issues with
it.
•It has a strong and longer functioning system.
•If you want to grind pulses in a large quantity, then it
can’t be done with a mixer grinder, but the wet grinder
is made for this task.
•If you want the genuine flavor of the pulses after
grinding, then it can only be possible with the help of a
wet grinder.
20. DISADVANTAGE
• Cleaning the grinding stones isn’t an easy task because those
are difficult to lift and handle. Due to the heavy weight, you
might find it difficult to maintain wet grinders.
• If the grinder is not kept clean it can lead to pests in it, so you
should use it carefully.
• The tilting model of the grinder would take a lot of time to do
grinding work because it has a light weight stone. There are
chances that water in the grinder can come out of the opening
area.
21. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Diagnostic study of the "wet grinder cluster" at Coimbatore (PDF)(Report).
Development Commissioner, Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. Retrieved 24
January 2016.
^ Krishna Dubey (2010). The Indian Cuisine. PHI. p. 29. ISBN 9788120341708.
^ Farnworth, Edward R. (2003). Handbook of Fermented Functional Foods. CRC
Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-1372-1.
^ Charmaine O' Brien (15 December 2013). The Penguin Food Guide to India. Penguin Books
Limited. p. 378. ISBN 978-93-5118-575-8.
^ K. T. Achaya (November 2003). The Story of Our Food. Universities Press. pp. 80,
90. ISBN 81-7371-293-X.
^ P. Thankappan Nair (2004). South Indians in Kolkata. Punthi Pustak. p. 320. ISBN 81-
86791-50-7.
^ Vir Sanghvi (1 January 2004). Rude Food: The Collected Food Writings of Vir Sanghvi.
Penguin Books India. pp. 109–110. ISBN 978-0-14-303139-0.
^ "How to choose a Wet grinder". indiacurry.com. Retrieved 24 January2016.
^ "How a wedding gift turned into a freebie". ’’Times of India’’. 31 March 2011.
^ Jump up to:a b "Magic of the arc lights". The Hindu. 13 July 2011.
^ Jump up to:a b c "Namma Coimbatore". The Hindu. 31 December 2013.
^ "Santha Grinders". santhagrinders.com. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
REFERENCES