The document discusses various components of wellhead and Christmas tree equipment used in oil and gas wells. It describes the purpose and components of the wellhead assembly including the casing head, casing hangers, tubing head, and tubing hanger. It also discusses the tubing head adapter and its role in connecting the tubing head to the Christmas tree. Seals, valves, and other surface equipment used to control flow from the well are also covered.
This presentation is a course a bout wellheads which includes the basic components of the well head and the advanced techniques.
helping students who are cared about petroleum industry to increase their knowledge about this tool that is important for both drilling and production.
For Further information, use the following LinkedIn account:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohamed-abdelshafy-abozeima-9b7589119/
Wellhead equipment Introduction Based on API 6a & NACEAmir Rafati
1. Typical Onshore Wellhead and Casing Head Types
• CSG HEAD NO.1
• CSG HEAD NO.3
• CSG HEAD NO.6
• CSG HEAD NO.8
• CSG HEAD NO.9
• CSG HEAD DESIGN DUE TO FIELD EXPERIENCES
• AG(H)-10K
• B(H)-10K
• C(H)-5K
• V(H)-5K
• T(H)-3K,5K
• WELLHEAD DESIGN DUE TO FIELD EXPERIENCES
2. Brief Description of Wellhead Equipment and their Types
• Sealings and Ring Gaskets
• Safety valves
• Gate valves
• Double Studded Adaptors
• Spools
• Hangers
• Flanges
3. Install and Testing Wellhead and Casing Head Equipment
• Safety valves
• Gate valves
• Double Studded Adaptors
• Spools
• Hangers
• Flanges
4. Introduction to API 6A applications
• PSL: PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LEVELS
• PR: PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT
• T/C: TEMPERATURE CLASS
• M/C: MATERIAL CLASS
Tubing Landing nipples in petroleum industryPE Mahmoud Jad
Tubing Landing nipples in petroleum industry
# A completion component fabricated as a short section of tubular pipe with a machined internal surface that provides a seal area and a locking profile.
# Uses : 1) Plugging the tubing for: pressure testing
2) Installing flow control equipment such as: down chokes,regulators, SSVs, etc.
# Tubing Landing nipples types:
A) Seating nipple
1.Non-selective nipple (No-go landing nipple)
i. Top no go nipple
ii. Bottom no go nipple
2. Selective nipple
B) Hydraulic Landing Nipples
Presentation defines well completion as a sub-discipline of drilling operations. It introduces the various components of the well completion process. It then describes and explains basic areas of the completion process including the bottom-hole completion process, the perforation process, the upper completion with packers, tubing component equipment and devices, tubing configurations, the horizontal completions and the Christmas tree(production head)
This presentation is a course a bout wellheads which includes the basic components of the well head and the advanced techniques.
helping students who are cared about petroleum industry to increase their knowledge about this tool that is important for both drilling and production.
For Further information, use the following LinkedIn account:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohamed-abdelshafy-abozeima-9b7589119/
Wellhead equipment Introduction Based on API 6a & NACEAmir Rafati
1. Typical Onshore Wellhead and Casing Head Types
• CSG HEAD NO.1
• CSG HEAD NO.3
• CSG HEAD NO.6
• CSG HEAD NO.8
• CSG HEAD NO.9
• CSG HEAD DESIGN DUE TO FIELD EXPERIENCES
• AG(H)-10K
• B(H)-10K
• C(H)-5K
• V(H)-5K
• T(H)-3K,5K
• WELLHEAD DESIGN DUE TO FIELD EXPERIENCES
2. Brief Description of Wellhead Equipment and their Types
• Sealings and Ring Gaskets
• Safety valves
• Gate valves
• Double Studded Adaptors
• Spools
• Hangers
• Flanges
3. Install and Testing Wellhead and Casing Head Equipment
• Safety valves
• Gate valves
• Double Studded Adaptors
• Spools
• Hangers
• Flanges
4. Introduction to API 6A applications
• PSL: PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LEVELS
• PR: PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT
• T/C: TEMPERATURE CLASS
• M/C: MATERIAL CLASS
Tubing Landing nipples in petroleum industryPE Mahmoud Jad
Tubing Landing nipples in petroleum industry
# A completion component fabricated as a short section of tubular pipe with a machined internal surface that provides a seal area and a locking profile.
# Uses : 1) Plugging the tubing for: pressure testing
2) Installing flow control equipment such as: down chokes,regulators, SSVs, etc.
# Tubing Landing nipples types:
A) Seating nipple
1.Non-selective nipple (No-go landing nipple)
i. Top no go nipple
ii. Bottom no go nipple
2. Selective nipple
B) Hydraulic Landing Nipples
Presentation defines well completion as a sub-discipline of drilling operations. It introduces the various components of the well completion process. It then describes and explains basic areas of the completion process including the bottom-hole completion process, the perforation process, the upper completion with packers, tubing component equipment and devices, tubing configurations, the horizontal completions and the Christmas tree(production head)
This Webinar will also highlight our custom designed products that were specially manufactured per unique customer specifications. Learn about optional features that can be implemented into your designs for optimum functionality of the supports in your particular applications. Additionally, gain an overall understanding of pipe supports through a showcase of colorful photos and technical diagrams.
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Valve used for regulating the flow in piping that contains a mobile disk type element and a stationary ring in a generally spherical body.
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NewCon valves are being used exten- sively worldwide in mineral processing appli- cations such as Taconite/Iron Ore, Copper, Gold, Soda Ash/Borax, Phosphate, Lead, Coal, Cement, and Limestone. You will find NewCon installations in a variety of heavy duty large and fine coarse slurry applications.
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Similar to Wellhead function, rating and selection (20)
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Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
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3. 4
Eng. El Sayed Amer
Include all surface equipment
related to:
• wellhead
• X-mass tree
• Flowline
• Control and
protection
equipment
surface equipment
Include all downhole equipment as:
• Tubing string,
• Nipples,
• Mandrels,
• Packer, etc…
Subsurface equipment
Completion equipment
01 02
5. 6
Eng. El Sayed Amer
surface equipment
A Section
Wellhead
B Section
Christmas tree valves
6. W E L L E A D
I N S TA L L AT I O N A N D M A I N T E N A N C E
H
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
wellhead assembly is used for:
1. Provides a connection point for BOP during drilling
and X-mass tree during production
2. hang downhole tubing and casing string
3. sealing tubing-casing and casing-casing annuluses
4. Allows access into the production and annulus
5. injecting steam, gas, water, and chemicals
Well head
8. PAGE
Eng. El Sayed Amer
wellhead assembly is used for:
1. Provides a connection point
for BOP during drilling
A
S
B
P
P
Well head
9. PAGE
Eng. El Sayed Amer
Xmas Tree • The BOP's are
removed
After the tubing is installed :
• The Christmas tree
is installed to control
the flow from the well
wellhead
Well head
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
The wellhead assembly
consists mainly of:
1. Casing head
2. Casing hangers
3. Tubing head
4. Tubing hangers
5. Tubing adaptor
Well head
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Each well types will create different requirements in terms of wellhead design.
Wellhead types
Phase Production Special
Steam Injector
Artificial Lift
Beam Pumped wells
ESP wells
Plunger Lifter wells
Gas Lifted wells
PCP wells
Velocity string
EOR wells
Oil Producer
Gas Producer
Gas Injector
Water Injector
Water producer
Corrosive Production
Sweet (H2S > 0.3 Kpa PP)
Sour (H2S > 0.3 Kpa PP)
selection of wellhead
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Major manufacturers, suppliers, and vendors of wellhead equipment and X-mass
trees are:
C o m p a n i e s w o r l d w i d e
Manufacturing
FMC
Tharwa Brada
Cameron
Wood group
Hercules
GE
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
T e r m i n o l o g y
Working Pressure
Wellhead equipment that meets API Specification 6A (equivalent to ISO 10423) is
available in standard pressure increments:
• 2000 psi
• 3000 psi
• 5000 psi
• 10,000 psi
• 15,000 psi
• 20,000 psi
• 30,000 psi
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
T e r m i n o l o g y
Working Temperature
❑ Conventional operations span -60
to 121⁰C in 8 ranges (K, L, P, R,
S, T, U,V). K and U are the largest
and overlap the other ranges.
❑ Elevated temperature operations
span -18 to 345⁰C in 2 ranges (X,
Y). Y has the highest temperature
rating.
Standard temperature ratings are defined by an operating range.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
T e r m i n o l o g y
Material Class
Defines the corrosion resistance required by all components wetted by the
retained fluid.
❑ The seven material classes range from AA (General service: carbon or low
alloy steel) to HH (Sour service: corrosion resistant alloys).
❑ All sour service materials must conform to ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156
(NACE International provides control standards related to corrosion
protection).
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
T e r m i n o l o g y
Product Specification Levels (PSL)
API Specification 6A (ISO 10423) recommends product specification levels
(PSLs) for equipment with quality control requirements for various service
conditions. PSLs apply to primary equipment:
• Tubing heads
• Tubing hangers, hanger couplings
• Tubing head adapters
• Lower master valves
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Product Specification Levels (PSL)
PSL Decision Tree
21. PAGE
Eng. El Sayed Amer
Also known as:
•“A-Section”
• Lower casing head
• Casing Housing
• Braden Head
• Starter Head
Casing Head
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
• anchor the blowout preventer to the first casing
stack during drilling;
• support the above-ground well completion;
• support the next, smaller casing stack via the
casing head spool and the casing hangers;
• seal the annular space between the two largest
casing stacks; ensure access to the annulus
Casing Head housing
The casing head housing is screwed (and sometimes welded) on top of the conductor and
serves to:
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Casing Head housing
Bottom Connection Types
S l i p - O n a n d W e l d T h r e a d e d
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Casing Head Spool
If a well includes one or more intermediate casing strings
between the surface and production casing, the next
component required after the casing head is the casing
spool.
The bottom of the casing spool mounts on top of a casing
head or previous spool, and the top connects to the next
spool or tubing head assembly.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Casing Head Spool
Functions
❖ Provides for attachment to surface casing string.
❖ Supports blowout preventers while hole is drilled for
next casing string.
❖ Provides for suspending and packing off the next
casing string.
❖ Provides outlets for annular access.
❖ Provides for testing BOPs while drilling.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Casing Head Spool
Functions
❖ Provides for attachment to surface casing string.
❖ Supports blowout preventers while hole is drilled for
next casing string.
❖ Provides for suspending and packing off the next
casing string.
❖ Provides outlets for annular access.
❖ Provides for testing BOPs while drilling.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Casing Hanger
Casing hangers attach to the end of a given casing string and suspend and seal the
casing string in the top bowl of a casing head or spool.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Casing Hanger
Casing hangers come in two main varieties:
1. Slip type hangers that are installed around the casing after it is run,
either
before or after the casing is cemented into place.
• Slip type casing hangers are used as a contingency when
pipe is stuck, allowing the casing to be cut off and set where it
sits.
2. Mandrel type hangers that are threaded onto the casing.
• Mandrel type casing hangers provide superior well control
when landing the hanger and improve the annular seal.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Casing Hanger
Casing hangers come in two main varieties:
2. Mandrel type1. Slip type hangers
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Tubing Head
❖ The tubing head assembly provides a means to
suspend and seal the production tubing in the wellhead.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Tubing Head
Tubinghead Functions
The function of the tubing head assembly is to:
• Suspend tubing with hanger
• Provide a hydraulic seal between tubing
and annulus
• Provide access port(s) to annulus
• Provide mounting for Xmas tree
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Tubing Hanger
❖ A tubing hanger is also commonly known as a dog nut.
❖ Tubing hangers suspend tubing and
seal the annulus between the tubing
and the production casing.
❖ Tubing hangers both suspend tubing
and provide a primary annulus seal
between the tubing and production
casing
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Tubing Hanger
Back pressure valves
Seal
Handling
Thread
Hanger
Thread
Valve Spring
Valve
Stem
BPV TWC
What is it used for?
Back pressure valves are installed in the tubing
hanger to hold pressure from below during the
following operations:
1. Nipple down and up the drilling BOP stack.
2. Nipple up or down Christmas tree.
3. Test the Christmas tree (2-way check).
4. Replace the master valve.
48. PAGE
Eng. El Sayed Amer
Tubing Hanger
Back pressure valves
The most common types of BPV are the
Cameron Type ‘H’ BPV and Petroline ‘ABC’.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Test Plugs and Bowl Protectors
A series of wear bushings are supplied to protect the seal areas discussed during the
drilling operation.
• They are normally retained in the head by the Lock Down Screws (LDS) in the upper flange
wear bushings
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Seals Technology
❖ Seals provide isolation from one casing head to the next.
“Connection Seal”
used as an atmospheric
seal at all wellhead
interfaces
“Primary Seal”
used to pack off between
the wellhead and the
casing in the bowl
“Secondary Seal”
used to seal the casing
string into the next
wellhead bottom
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Seals Technology
Seal Technology
Primary seal Connection Seals
R Ring Gasket
Secondary seal
Metal seals
elastomer Seals RX Ring Gasket
1. Casing Hangers
2. Tubing Hangers
BX (face-to-face)
CF Ring Gasket
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
C o n n e c t i o n S e a l s
Seals Technology
Connection Seals
Ring Gaskets
❖ provides the actual seal in
any flanged or studded
connection,
❖ The ring gasket is
machined, metal seal
designed to fit the
grooves on each flange or
hub face.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
Seals Technology
API FLANGE
Rated working pressure 2k – 3k and 5k psi 10k – 15k and 20k psi
Flange type 6B 6BX
Ring gasket type (R) and (RX) BX
Figure
All ring with X simple is pressurized one which mean that it fit the same frame of the ring grove
after the flange making-up and tested.
Type 6BX flanges, which are designed for face-to-face make up, using BX ring gaskets Only.
For 6B flange, there must be stand-off between the make-up flanges.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
C o n n e c t i o n S e a l s
Seals Technology
R Ring Gasket
RX Ring Gasket
BX (face-to-face contact)
CF Ring Gasket
API
Connection Seals
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
C o n n e c t i o n S e a l s
Seals Technology
Connection Seals
There are three basic styles of API approved ring gaskets:
❖ R-style includes both oval and octagonal cross sections
❖ RX-style also fits standard ring grooves.
❖ BX-style ring gaskets require a BX groove on the flange.
R Gasket
5,000 PSI
RX Gasket
5,000 PSI
BX Gasket
10,000-15,000 PSI
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
C o n n e c t i o n S e a l s
Seals Technology
Elastomeric Seals
₼ Sealing components in conventional wells and some (lower temperature wells).
₼ made from elastomers.
₼ brand names include Buna-N [or Nitrile]
₼ installed into recesses or grooves machined into the outer surface of the component or a
bushing that seats into the housing
₼ These seals are energized through the application of pressure—either by setting weight or
mechanically applying pressure or wellhead pressure energizing the seals.
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Eng. El Sayed Amer
C o n n e c t i o n S e a l s
Seals Technology
Elastomeric Seals
O-Ring
P Seal
T Seal
S Seal
Metal End Cap