3. descon.com
Plant Engineering - Lahore
Design Centres
Total 600 Design Engineers
Plant Engineering
Karachi
Product Engineering
Sharjah
Process Equipment
Engineering Lahore
Product Engineering
Al Jubail - KSA
Plant Engineering
Abu Dhabi
Boiler Engineering
Lahore
4. descon.com
Lahore – Pakistan
(Boilers & Process Equipment)
Manufacturing Facilities
Hamriyah – Sharjah
(Steel Structure, Pressure
Vessels and Skids)
Ruwais– Abu Dhabi
(Piping, Furnaces & General
Fabrication)
Al Jubail – KSA
(Process Equipment)
Yanbu – KSA
(Process Equipment & General
Fabrication)
Karachi – Pakistan
(Wind Tower, General
Fabrication)
Alkhor – Qatar
(General Fabrication)
5. descon.com
Major Resources
• 1,700 engineers & other professionals; Total
strength ~ 27,000
• 1,000,000 man-hours/year engineering capacity.
• 80 million man-hours/year construction and
maintenance capacity.
• 07 manufacturing & fabrication shops in
the region.
• Heavy civil work resources.
• Own heavy lift and rigging expertise – over 125
cranes
• Customized project management systems.
• Established QA/QC and HSE systems.
22. A pressure vessel is a closed container designed to hold gases or
liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure.
23. They are used in a variety of industries like
• Petroleum refining
• Chemical
• Power
• Food & beverage
• Pharmaceutical
24. TYPES OF PRESSURE VESSELS
There are three main types of pressure vessels
in general
• Horizontal Pressure Vessels
• Vertical Pressure Vessels
• Spherical Pressure vessels
However there are some special types of Vessels like
Regeneration Tower, Reactors but these names are given
according to their use only.
26. VERTICAL PRESSURE VESSEL
• The max. Shell length
to diameter ratio for a
small vertical drum is
about 5 : 1
27. TALL VERTICAL TOWER
• Constructed in a wider
range of shell diameter and
height.
• They can be relatively
small in dia. and very large
(e.g. 4 ft dia. And 200 ft tall
distillation column.
• They can be very large in
dia. and moderately tall
(e.g. 3 ft dia. And 150 ft tall
tower).
• Internal trays are needed
for flow distribution.
28. VERTICAL REACTOR
• Figure shows a typical
reactor vessel with a
cylindrical shell.
• The process fluid
undergoes a chemical
reaction inside a reactor.
• This reaction is normally
facilitated by the presence
of a catalyst which is held
in one or more catalyst
beds.
30. MAIN COMPONENTS OF
PRESSURE VESSEL
Following are the main components of pressure
Vessels in general
• Shell
• Head
• Nozzle
• Support
31. SHELL
It is the primary component that contains the
pressure.
Pressure vessel shells in the form of different
plates are welded together to form a structure
that has a common rotational axis.
Shells are either cylindrical, spherical or conical
in shape.
32. HEAD
• All the pressure vessels must be closed at the
ends by heads (or another shell section).
• Heads are typically curved rather than flat.
• The reason is that curved configurations are
stronger and allow the heads to be thinner, lighter
and less expensive than flat heads.
• Heads can also be used inside a vessel and are
known as intermediate heads.
• These intermediate heads are separate sections
of the pressure vessels to permit different design
conditions.
33. NOZZLE
• A nozzle is a cylindrical component that
penetrates into the shell or head of pressure
vessel.
• They are used for the following applications.
• Attach piping for flow into or out of the vessel.
• Attach instrument connection (level gauges,
Thermowells, pressure gauges).
• Provide access to the vessel interior at MANWAY.
• Provide for direct attachment of other equipment
items (e.g. heat exchangers).
34. SUPPORT
• Support is used to bear all the load of pressure
vessel, earthquake and wind loads.
• There are different types of supports which are
used depending upon the size and orientation of
the pressure vessel.
• It is considered to be the non-pressurized part of
the vessel.
35. TYPES OF SUPPORTS
SADDLE SUPPORT:
Horizontal drums are typically supported at two locations
by saddle support.
It spreads over a large area of the shell to prevent an
excessive local stress in the shell at support point.
One saddle support is anchored whereas the other is free
to permit unstrained longitudinal thermal expansion of the
drum.
36. TYPES OF SUPPORTS
LUG SUPPORT:
Vertical pressure vessels may
also be supported by lugs.
The use of lugs is typically limited
to pressure vessels of small and
medium diameter (1 to 10 ft)
Also moderate height to diameter
ratios in the range of 2:1 to 5:1
The lugs are typically bolted to
horizontal structural members in
order to provide stability against
overturning loads.
37. TYPES OF SUPPORTS
LEG SUPPORT:
Small vertical drums are typically supported on legs that
are welded to the lower portion of the shell.
The max. ratio of support leg length to drum diameter is
typically 2 : 1
Reinforcing pads are welded to the shell first to provide
additional local reinforcement and load distribution.
The number of legs depends on the drum size and loads to
be carried.
Support legs are also used for Spherical pressurized
storage vessels.
Cross bracing between the legs is used to absorb wind or
earth quake loads.
38. TYPES OF SUPPORTS
SKIRT SUPPORT:
Tall vertical cylindrical pressure vessels are typically
supported by skirts.
A support skirt is a cylindrical shell section that is welded
either to the lower portion of the vessel shell or to the
bottom head (for cylindrical vessels).
The skirt is normally long enough to provide enough
flexibility so that radial thermal expansion of the shell does
not cause high thermal stresses at its junction with the
skirt.
41. Slug catcher is the name of a unit in the gas refinery or
petroleum industry in which slugs at the outlet of pipelines are
collected .
42. •A single phase flow is rarely found in the oil industry.
singlephase flow:
•The high pressure in the reservoir will cause a portion of the gas from the gas
cap to get dissolved in the oil or water to be dissolved in the gas.
•As the pressure is reduced due to production, the gas will come out of solution
similarly, water will come out of solution in the form of water droplets.
45. •The first pipeline section shows a stratified flow where the gas is overlying
the liquid and usually flowing at a higher velocity.
Slug formation:
•The interface between these two phases is not a straight line
but a wave-like boundary.
46.
47. Designing:
According to the ASME B31.3.1- Determining the functions of the slug
catcher
2- Determining the location of the slug catcher
3- Selecting the primary configuration of the
slug catcher
4- Compiling the design data
5- Establishing the design criteria
53. Distillation column is one of the unit operations of chemical engineering.it is used to
distill the liquid. Such industries are the petroleum processing, petrochemical
production, natural gas processing, coal tar processing.
54. Batch Distillation Column:
•Batch Distillation Column is charged with a 'batch' and then the distillation
process is carried out.
Continuous Distillation Column:
•Continuous Distillation Columns process a continuous feed stream.
•The two major types of Continuous Columns are:
Tray Column:
•Tray columns consist of physically separated pools of liquid which are
in intimate contact with a vapor
55. Packed Column:
•Packed columns are filled with a saddle shaped packing.
•This packing provides a lot of surface area for the vapor to
condense upon and assures that the liquid and vapor are in
intimate contact
57. Designing:
According to the ASME SEC V111 DIV1.
1- Determining the functions of the distillation column.
2- Determining the location of the distillation column.
3- Selecting the primary configuration of the
distillation column.
4- Compiling the design data
5- Establishing the design criteria•Column height/diameter
•Number of Plates
•Plate height
•Size of the re-boiler
•Size of Condenser
•Batch or Continuous
•Piping
60. Pressure Vessels & Columns……
CLIENT / OWNER : HYUNDAI E & C (HDEC)
PROJECT : BOROUGE-3 UTILITIES & OFFSITES
EQUIPMENTS : Design, Fabrication & Supply of 37 VESSELS, 02 COLUMN & 01
REACTOR
Specifications:
- DESCRIPTION :CRACKER & 1-BUTANE FLARE K.O DRUM
- DIMENSIONS (LXWXH) : 28m x 6m x 7m
- VESSEL ID : 5.3m
- MATERIAL OF SHELL : SA 516 Gr.70 (N) MTLTV
- MAX. THICKNESS : 52MM
- DESIGN CODE : ASME SEC VIII DIV.1 ED. 2010
- ASME STAMP : YES
- QUANTITY :01
- WEIGHT : 137,500 KG
61. Pressure Vessels & Columns……
CLIENT / OWNER : SALINE WATER SPECIALISTS (SWS)
PROJECT : IGD, HABSHAN 5 UTILITIES & OFFSITE
EQUIPMENT : BFW DEAERATOR
Specifications:
- DIMENSIONS : 4400 MM ID X 22.5 MTR LG
- MATERIAL OF SHELL : SA 316 Gr. 65
- DESIGN CODE : ASME SECTION VIII, DIV. 1
- ASME STAMP : “U”
- QUANTITY : 03 NO.
- WEIGHT : 213TONS
62. Pressure Vessels & Columns……
CLIENT / OWNER : LITWIN
PROJECT : IQI- RUWAIS REFINERY, TAKREER
EQUIPMENT : DESIGN, FABRICATION & SUPPLY OF NAPHTHA SPLITTER COLUMN
Specifications
- DIMENSIONS : ID 3505 MM ID X 20520MM LG
- MATERIAL OF SHELL : SA516 Gr. 65N
- DESIGN CODE : ASME SEC. VIII DIV 1
- ASME STAMP : U-STAM
- QUANTITY : 01
- WEIGHT : 52.86 TONS
63. Pressure Vessels & Columns……
Client / Owner: Ruwais Fertilizer Industries (Fertil)
Project: Urea Debottlenecking Project
Equipment: CO2 Absorber
Specifications
- Dimensions: 4200mm ID x 40 Mtr LG
- Material of Shell: A 516, Gr.60 / A 240 TP 316 L
- Design Code: ASME Section VIII, Div. 1
- Quantity: 01 No.
- Weight: 190 Tons
64. Pressure Vessels & Columns……
Client / Owner: Ruwais Fertilizer Industries (Fertil)
Project: Urea Debottlenecking Project
Equipment: Fuel Gas Quencher
Specifications:
- Dimensions: 4200 mm ID x 25 Mtr LG
- Material OF Shell: A 240 TP 316 L
- Design Code: ASME Section VIII, Div. 1
- Quantity: 01 No.
- Weight: 108 Tons
65. Pressure Vessels & Columns……
Client / Owner: Ruwais Fertilizer Industries (Fertil)
Project: Urea Debottlenecking Project
Equipment: Distillation Column
Specifications:
- Dimensions: 2000 mm ID x 25 Mtr LG
- Material of shell: A 240 TP 316 L
- Design Code: ASME Section VIII, Div. 1
- ASME Stamp: “U”
- Quantity: 01 No.
- Weight: 85 Tons
66. Heat Exchanger……
CLIENT : QATAR FUEL ADDITIVES CO., LTD (QAFAC)
OWNER : QATAR FUEL ADDITIVES CO., LTD (QAFAC)
PROJECT : QATAR MATHANOL / MTBE FACILITY, QATAR
YEAR : 2009
Specifications:
- DIMENSIONS : 1200mm ID x 3 Mtr LG
- MATERIAL OF SHELL : SA516 Gr. 70 / SA266 Gr.2
-QUANTITY : 02 NO.
- WEIGHT : 34TONS
67. Heat Exchangers…
Client: Sidem, France
Owner: Fujairah Asia Power Company
Project: Fujairah 2 IWPP Project
Equipment: STEAM TRANSFORMER
Specifications:
- Dimension 18.4 m X 5.5 m
- Material A 516 Gr. 70
- Weight: 120 Tons
- Quantity 12 Nos.
68. Offshore
CLIENT / OWNER : LAMPRELL plc / SEAJACKS
PROJECT : SEAJACKS ZARTAN
EQUIPMENT : SPUDCANS (BASE FOR JACK-UP RIG)
Specifications:
- DIMENSIONS : 7.8 M X 7.8
- MATERIAL OF SHELL : AH / EH / DH 36 (MARINE GRADE)
- 3rd PARTY INSPECTION : ABS (AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPIING
- QUANTITY : 04 Nos.
- WEIGHT : 412 TONS
