Week 11 (Christianity and Rome)
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This document provides an overview of Christianity and the Late Roman Empire from 69 BC to AD 400. It discusses the rise of Christianity under Jesus and his apostles. As the Roman Empire experienced political crises in the 3rd century, emperors like Constantine legalized and promoted Christianity. Constantine established Constantinople and convened the Council of Nicaea to address heresies like Arianism. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Christianity continued to spread throughout Europe led by figures such as St. Augustine, the Popes, and missionaries during the Post-Roman period.
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Constantine the Great initiated major changes when he recognized Christianity as the official Roman religion in the 4th century AD. This included moving away from the naturalistic classical style toward a more symbolic style. Figures under Constantine lost individuality and detail, appearing militaristic with crude carving. In contrast, art from the reign of Augustus in the 1st century AD featured natural poses, spatial depth, and shading to depict volume. Mosaics from the Byzantine period after Constantine further developed this symbolic style with gold backgrounds, frontal figures lacking weight, and emphasis on hierarchy and symmetry rather than naturalism.
gvj
The document discusses Late Antique and Byzantine art from the 4th to 7th centuries CE. It provides context on the emergence of Christian art and its influences from Roman art. Specifically, it summarizes that early Christian art appeared in the catacombs of Rome using Roman painting styles and symbols to represent Old Testament stories. As Christianity became the official religion, churches were built based on Roman basilica and central plans, adapting pagan elements. The document also discusses the rise of Byzantine art under the patronage of Justinian, including Hagia Sophia, and the use of mosaics and icon paintings in the Byzantine tradition following the Iconoclastic controversy.
Hoa1 lecture 6 early christian architecture
This document provides an overview of Early Christian architecture from 300-600 AD. It discusses the key influences including geographical, geological, climatic, religious, social and historical factors. The predominant architectural form was the basilica, modeled on Roman basilicas. Early Christian buildings utilized salvaged materials from pagan temples and incorporated old Roman architectural elements. Interior mosaic and fresco ornamentation became prominent decorative features. The style was transitional, influenced by both Roman architecture and new religious needs, lacking distinctive structural innovations.
Week 11 (After Rome)
The document summarizes major developments in the post-Roman world between 500-1000 AD, including the establishment of the Byzantine Empire, the rise of Islam and the Arab Empire, and the rule of Charlemagne and the Carolingians in western Europe. The Byzantine Empire continued the Eastern Roman Empire centered in Constantinople. The religion of Islam emerged in Arabia and rapidly expanded a large Arab Empire. In the west, Germanic kingdoms developed as the Franks rose to power under Charlemagne, who established a renaissance and unified much of Europe as the leader of the Carolingian Empire.
214 History parallels part 2
An overview of the way God has been working to make a preparation for the second advent of Christ through Christian history
Byzantium ppt nov 2013
The document summarizes the history of the Byzantine Empire from the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE through the rise of the Eastern Orthodox Church. It discusses key events like Constantine making Christianity the official religion in the 4th century, Justinian's reconquest of Italy and codification of Roman law, the establishment of the theme system of provincial government, and the East-West schism between the Catholic and Orthodox churches in 1054. The Byzantine Empire flourished politically, economically, socially, and religiously for centuries before eventually falling to the Ottoman Turks in 1453.
Jewish and early christian art aneta, ar
Early Christian art from the 3rd to 5th centuries featured simple symbols like fish and anchors that represented Christ. Themes included stories from the Old Testament and miracles of Christ. As Christianity became legalized in the 4th century, images of Jesus and Mary proliferated. Art was found in catacombs, sarcophagi, and churches that emulated Roman architectural styles. Notable early Christian sites included the Dura Europos synagogue in Syria decorated with biblical frescoes.
Jewish and early christian art aneta, ar
Jewish and early Christian art from the 3rd to 5th centuries featured simple symbols like fish and anchors that represented Christianity. Early images depicted stories from the Old Testament and miracles of Christ. Between the 4th and 5th centuries, as Christianity became legalized, images of Christ's life and the Virgin Mary proliferated. Artistic styles remained largely Roman during this period. Important early sites that featured Christian art included the catacombs of Rome and the synagogue at Dura Europos in Syria.
Week 11 (The Roman Empire)
This document provides an overview of the transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire from 48 BC to AD 180. It summarizes key events such as Julius Caesar's dictatorship and assassination, the rise of Augustus and the establishment of the Principate system of imperial rule, and the expansion of the empire under emperors like Trajan. It also discusses the development of Christianity and its spread throughout the Roman world during this period.
A Social History of the Medieval Church, 200-1563 AD - OLLI at UNM Lecture by...
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In the modern era, the medieval Catholic Church is often spoken of in negative terms. It is inevitable in a world largely shaped by the Reformation that many people focus on the corruption that plagued the Catholic Church in the late middle ages. However, long before the papacy faced off with Martin Luther, the Catholic Church played a vital role in European society. In the wake of the fall of the Roman Empire and in the centuries before nation states coalesced, the Catholic Church was the sole entity that held European society together. We'll examine the history of the Catholic Church from 200 to 1563 AD, with a particular focus on the social impact of the church.Week 10 (The Roman Empire)
The document provides an overview of the Roman Empire from 48 BC to AD 180. It summarizes key events such as Julius Caesar's dictatorship and assassination, the rise of the Second Triumvirate led by Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus, and Octavian becoming the first Roman emperor Augustus. It also discusses aspects of Roman culture and infrastructure during this period, such as the establishment of the Principate system of imperial rule, the Pax Romana, expansion of Roman roads and cities, and development of public baths and amphitheaters.
Chapter 6a- Byzantine Empire
This document provides an overview of Chapter 6 which will cover three non-western civilizations: the Byzantine Empire from 500-1200 AD, the Muslim caliphates, and Kievan Rus (ancient Russia). It focuses on the Byzantine Empire, detailing its origins as the eastern half of the Roman Empire based in Constantinople, its cultural and economic heights under the rule of Justinian in the 6th century, and its gradual military and territorial declines beginning in the 7th century from invasions and competition from neighboring powers like the Lombards, Arabs, Bulgars, and Seljuk Turks.
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Week 16 (Sectionalism and the Civil War)
The Civil War began as tensions rose between the North and South over the issues of states' rights and slavery. The Compromise of 1850 attempted to address these tensions but failed to provide a long-term solution. Violence increased throughout the 1850s as the country moved toward civil war. Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, prompting Southern states to secede and form the Confederate States of America. The Civil War officially began in April 1861 and resulted in over 600,000 casualties before ending in April 1865 with the Union victory and emancipation of slaves.
Week 12 (The Long 19th Century)
The document summarizes the major events, ideologies, and artistic movements between 1815-1848, known as the Long 19th Century. Key developments included the Congress of Vienna establishing balance of power in Europe after Napoleon's defeat, and the rise of new political ideologies like conservatism, liberalism, socialism, and nationalism. Romanticism grew as an artistic reaction to Enlightenment thinking, emphasizing emotion and nature. Metternich and other conservatives sought to suppress revolutionary ideas, while liberals pushed for constitutional rights and nationalism united people around shared identities and aspirations for nation-states.
Week 13 (Nationalism)
This document discusses the rise of nationalism in Europe between 1815 and 1871. It provides an overview of key events that contributed to nationalism such as the Revolutions of 1848 in response to conservative rule, the development of communist ideas by Marx and Engels, and the establishment of the Second French Republic in 1848. It also describes how nationalism united previously divided states like Italy and Germany through the leadership of figures like Cavour, Garibaldi and Bismarck and the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War.
HIS 102 8 The French Revolution
The French Revolution occurred from 1789 to 1815 and established a republic that underwent several different governmental periods. This included the National Assembly, Legislative Assembly, National Convention which established the Reign of Terror led by Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety that executed over 10,000 people. Napoleon later rose to power, first becoming Consul and then crowning himself Emperor in 1804, establishing the First French Empire that engaged in numerous military campaigns across Europe until his eventual defeat at Waterloo in 1815.
HIS 102 7 18th century
This document provides an overview of European states and the French Revolution in the late 18th century. It discusses the rise of Enlightened Absolutism among European monarchs, the economic and social changes brought on by the Agricultural and Consumer Revolutions, and the military conflicts including the Seven Years' War. It then focuses on the political and economic crisis in late 18th century France, including the calling of the Estates-General and the storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, marking the beginning of the French Revolution.
HIS 121 5 Revolutionary America 1763-1783
This document provides an outline summarizing key events and developments during the American Revolutionary period from 1763 to 1783. It discusses the tightening British control over the colonies, the growing tensions between Patriots and Loyalists, the Declaration of Independence in 1776, and the major battles of the Revolutionary War. It also examines the radical implications of the Revolution in establishing republican principles of popular sovereignty, civic virtue, and natural rights over monarchical rule.
Week 3 (Rivers and Nomads)
This document provides an overview of ancient Egypt between c. 5000-1200 BC. It discusses the geography of Egypt and the importance of the Nile River. It then outlines the major historical periods and rulers of ancient Egypt, from the Predynastic and Archaic Period to the New Kingdom and Late Period. Key aspects of Egyptian civilization discussed include hieroglyphics, pyramids and funerary architecture, religion, and important pharaohs like Hatshepsut, Ramses II, and Akhenaten.
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The document summarizes major civilizations and events in the Bronze Age Near East between 2000 BC to 500 BC in 3 paragraphs:
1) The Babylonians led by Hammurabi established the first Babylonian empire in Mesopotamia in the early 2nd millennium BC. The Hittites also formed an empire in Anatolia during this time.
2) The Assyrians rose to power in the Iron Age following the collapse of the Bronze Age. They expanded their empire throughout the Near East under rulers like Tiglath-pileser III and Ashurbanipal.
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Week 2 (Mesopotamia)
The document summarizes the emergence of early civilizations in Mesopotamia, specifically Sumer, between 8000-2000 BC. Key points include:
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- Sumerian cities developed distinct social, political, religious, and economic structures, including the earliest system of writing known as cuneiform.
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Week 3 (Egypt)
The document provides an overview of ancient Egyptian history from c. 3000 BC to the Roman conquest in 33 BC. It outlines the major historical periods and dynasties, important pharaohs such as Narmer, Djoser, Snefru, Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, Hatshepsut, Ramses II, Akhenaten, and Tutankhamen. It also describes key aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization like the geography of Egypt, hieroglyphics, monumental architecture including pyramids and temples, burial practices, religion, and mummification. The document uses images to illustrate important sites, artifacts, and figures from ancient Egypt.
Week 2 (Rivers)
This document provides an overview of early civilizations that emerged around river valleys between 4000-2000 BC. It discusses the rise of urban centers in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley that were supported by agriculture along major rivers. These early civilizations exhibited distinct social hierarchies, religious structures, and the development of writing systems like cuneiform. Specific examples are given of early Sumerian city-states like Uruk and Ur that built ziggurats and established dynasties during the Bronze Age. The document also notes the later Akkadian Empire that expanded territorial rule across Mesopotamia under rulers like Sargon and Naram-Sin.
Week 1 (Introduction)
This document provides an overview and chronology of the Stone Age period from approximately 10,000 BC to 3000 BC. It discusses early human societies such as nomadic hunter-gatherer bands and the Neolithic Revolution around 10,000 BC when humans transitioned to an agricultural lifestyle, domesticating plants and animals. Key developments during this period included the rise of sedentary settlements and the emergence of the first civilizations along major river valleys in the Middle East.
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This document provides an overview and syllabus for a course on history called "Becoming Human: The Stone Age". It discusses key topics that will be covered in the course including hominids, the New Stone Age, civilization, and homework assignments. The document also includes quotes from James Mattis on the importance of studying history and provides timelines and information on the spread of early humans, the Neolithic Age, domestication of plants and animals, and the birth of early civilizations.
Week 15 (The High Middle Ages)
The document summarizes key developments during the High Middle Ages from 900-1300 AD. It discusses the Cluny Reforms that revitalized the Catholic Church, the Crusades launched to retake the Holy Land from Muslim rule, and the rise of feudalism and manorialism in medieval Europe. It also describes the growth of towns, trade, and intellectual centers, as well as the establishment of universities and the flourishing of Gothic cathedrals, scholasticism, and courtly love in medieval culture.
Week 13 (The Middle Ages)
This document provides an overview of the Middle Ages in Europe from 500-1200 AD. It discusses the political developments in England including the rule of Alfred the Great, William the Conqueror, and the establishment of common law. It also summarizes the Cluny Reforms in the Catholic Church, the East-West Schism, and Urban II's call for the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont in 1095 to retake the Holy Land. The Crusades lasted into the late 13th century and involved conflicts between Christians, Muslims, and Byzantines over control of religious sites. Feudalism developed as a political and economic system during this period.
Week 7 (Imperialism)
This document provides an overview of the period from the 1840s to World War II, focusing on imperialism, late 19th century culture, World War I, and the interwar years. It includes summaries of key events like the Opium Wars, the Scramble for Africa, and World War I. It also examines factors that contributed to imperialism like technology, economics, racism, and the idea of a "civilizing mission". The document uses quotes, maps, photographs and videos to illustrate these topics.
Week 13 (The 19th Century)
The document provides an overview of major events and developments in the 19th century, including revolutions in Haiti, Latin America, and China; the Industrial Revolution and associated economic changes; nationalist movements; religious revivals; imperialism in Asia and Africa; and conflicts such as the American Civil War and Taiping Rebellion. Key figures and their contributions are also mentioned, along with the social and economic impacts of industrialization.
Week 11 (Revolutions)
This document provides an overview of political and cultural developments in Europe and the Americas between the late 17th and early 19th centuries. It discusses the rise of absolutism and the construction of grand palaces like Versailles to consolidate royal power. It then covers the prosperity of the 18th century led by trade, the ideas of the Enlightenment, and the American and French Revolutions that overthrew the old monarchical order. The document concludes with a discussion of Napoleon's rule in France and the spread of revolutionary ideals to other parts of the world.
Week 12 (The Medieval Church)
This document provides an overview of the Medieval Christian Church between 500-1200 AD, including:
1) Key events and figures in England like Alfred the Great and the Norman invasion of 1066.
2) Religious reforms like the Cluny reforms which fought simony and increased papal authority under figures like Gregory VII.
3) The Crusades which were called to help the Byzantine Empire against the Turks and recapture the Holy Land, beginning with Urban II's speech at Clermont in 1095 and resulting in the capture of Jerusalem in 1099.
4) Medieval culture developed under the influence of Crusading which mixed Frankish, Islamic, and Byzantine influences and led to
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The document summarizes the key events and developments of the High Middle Ages from 1000-1300 AD. During this time, feudalism dominated politics and society in Europe. The feudal system organized people into classes of lords, vassals, and peasants. The Catholic Church also greatly influenced medieval culture and politics. Other major developments included the rise of medieval universities, the conflict between kings and popes, the Black Death pandemic, and the growth of trade along routes like the Silk Road.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Week 11 (Christianity and Rome)
- 1. Christianity and The Late Roman Empire Week 11
- 2. Overview • 69 BC – AD 400 • Christianity – Jesus – Roman Religion • The Late Roman Empire – Crisis of the 3rd Century – The Dominate • Homework: – Chs 6-7 Quiz (11/17) – PSR #3 (11/21)
- 3. Map 6.1 p153 MAP 6.1 The Roman Empire from Augustus Through Trajan
- 4. Judaea & Jesus • 63 BC, Pompey the Great • Jewish Divisions – Sadducees – Pharisees – Essenes – Zealots • “Messiah” • John the Baptist • Jesus of Nazareth (c. 4 BC – AD 33) – 12 Apostles – Crucifixion • Teachings – Parables – Sermon on the Mount
- 5. Religion in the Roman Empire • Rituals – Baptism – Agape • Bishops and Priests – Apostolic Succession – Cities • St. Paul (c. AD 5 – 67) • Roman Religion – Religiones Licitae – Syncretism – Mystery Religions • The Jewish Revolt (AD 66-70) Mithras Slaying Bull, Italy, c. AD 200
- 7. Jesus and His Apostles p168 Pictured is a fourth-century fresco from a Roman catacomb depicting Jesus and his apostles.
- 8. Masada AD 72
- 9. The Arch of Titus, c. AD 81
- 10. Arch of Titus
- 11. Roman Troubles • The Severan Dynasty, AD 193-235 – Septimius Severus (b. AD 145, r. 193-211) • Crisis of the 3rd Century, AD 235 – 284 • Barbarians • Emperor Valerian • Debasement of Coinage The Severan Tondo, c. AD 200, Septimius Severus and his family
- 12. 3rd Century Crisis Relief of Shapur I, AD 260, Naqsh-e Rostam, Iran The Roman Empire
- 14. The Dominate • Dominus • Diocletian (r. 284 – 305) – Edict on Maximum Prices (AD 301) – Tetrarchy – The Great Persecution • Constantine the Great (r. 306 – 337) – Battle of the Milvian Bridge (AD 312) – Solidus – Constantinople The Four Tetrarchs, c.AD 300, St. Mark's Cathedral, Venice
- 15. Divisions in the Late Roman Empire
- 16. Colossus of Constantine, AD 315
- 18. Fall of the Roman Empire • Theodosius the Great (r.379-395) • German Migrations • Federates – Battle of Adrianople (AD 378) • Master of the Soldiers – Stilicho (359 – 408) • AD 476, Odovacer • Problem of Collapse • Legacy Diptych of Stilicho and Family, AD 398
- 19. Christianity in the Roman Empire • Legal Status – Great Persecution – Martyrs • Neoplatonism – Logos • Constantine – Edict of Milan, AD 313 • Council of Nicaea, 325 – Heresy – Arianism – Nicene Creed • St. Jerome (348-420) – Vulgate • Theodosius the Great (r.379-395) • Architecture Roman Villa, 4th Cent AD, Lullingstone, UK
- 20. The Conversion of Constantine, 17th century, Rubens
- 22. Roman Religious Structures Temple of Portunus, c. 75 BC Basilica of Maxentius, AD 312
- 24. Post-Roman Christianity • St. Augustine of Hippo (AD 354 – 430) – Confessions – City of God • The Pope – Petrine Supremacy – Pope Leo I (r. 440 – 461) – Pope Gregory the Great (r. 590 – 604) • Missionaries • Celtic Christianity • Monasticism – Hermits – Rule of St. Benedict, 520s – Abbott – Nuns • Appeal Syrian Reliquary, 6th century, Simeon the Stylite
- 25. The Spread of Christianity, AD 300–600
- 26. St. Patrick (AD 385 – 431)
- 27. The Book of Kells, c. AD 800
- 28. St. Benedict
Editor's Notes
- MAP 6.1 The Roman Empire from Augustus Through Trajan (14–117). Augustus and later emperors continued the expansion of the Roman Empire, adding more resources but also increasing the tasks of administration and keeping the peace. Compare this map with Map 5.3.
- Jesus and His Apostles. Pictured is a fourth-century fresco from a Roman catacomb depicting Jesus and his apostles. Catacombs were underground cemeteries where early Christians buried their dead. Christian tradition holds that in times of imperial repression, Christians withdrew to the catacombs to pray and hide.