This document discusses weed management in jute crops. Weeds can cause 35-70% yield losses in jute. Integrated weed management approaches are recommended, including the use of pre-emergence herbicides like butachlor followed by post-emergence herbicides like quizalofop-ethyl and one manual weeding. Proper weed control is crucial during the first 30-45 days after sowing, which is the critical period for weed growth in jute. Both cultural methods like intercropping and line sowing as well as herbicides can help manage weeds in jute fields.

1. Weed management in Jute
Dr. Subhomay Sinha, W.B.A.S.
M.Sc. (IARI), Ph.D. (IARI)

2. Weed infestation leads to significant yield loss in agricultural
crops. In jute, the magnitude of yield loss was found to vary
between 35 – 70%.
Cost of Weeding contribute to about 35% of the total cost of
cultivation in Jute.
Weeds also serves as alternate host for insects and disease
causing microbes of Jute.
Growth of jute crop at its initial stage is very slow. So removal of
weeds at early stage is most crucial for determining good yield.
Due to onset of pre – monsoon showers, just after sowing of jute crop
as well as non – judicious application of N fertilizer, weed infestation
is maximum at early stage of crop growth.
Sedges, Grasses as well as broad leaved weeds infect jute crop.

3. Different studies shows that yield
losses due to weed infestation
goes up to 35 – 75 %
In jute 50-80% fibre yield loss
may occur due to presence of
weeds during the critical
period of 30-45 days of
sowing.
The yield gap can be
narrowed down through
adoption of sound weed
management.

5. Identification of problematic
weed flora of JUTE

6. Sedges
Cyperus rotundus Common Name : Mutha

7. Sedges Cyperus deformis Common Name : Chata Mutha

8. Sedges Cyperus compressus
Common Name : Madur Mutha

9. Sedges Fimbristylis miliacea
Common Name : Bindi Mutha

10. Sedges
Scirpus supinus
Common Name : Chotchoti

11. Grasses Brachiaria reptance
Common Name : Para Grass

12. Grasses Cynodon dactylon
Common Name : Durba, Bermuda Grass

13. Dactyloctenium aegyptium
Grasses
Common Name : Makra Grass, Star Grass

14. Digitaria sanguinalis
Grassy weeds
Common Name : Crab Grass

15. Grassy Weeds
Echinochloa colona
Common name : Shyama Grass

16. Grassy Weeds
Echinochloa crus - galli
Common name : Shyama GrassCommon name : Shyama Grass

17. Eleusine indica
Grassy Weeds
Common name : Kodai Grass

18. Leptochloa chinensisGrassy Weeds Common name : Dari Grass

19. Setaria glauca
Grassy Weeds
Common name :
Sial Lel Grass
Green Foxtail Grass

20. Setaria verticillata
Grassy Weeds

21. Paspalum distichum
Grassy Weeds
Common name : Knot Grass

22. Difference between Grasses and Sedges
Grasses
Sedges
Poaceae
Cyperaceae
STEM
Stems are round & Hollow
Stems are triangular & solid

23. STEM
Difference between Grasses and Sedges
Sedges
Grasses

24. Difference between Grasses and Sedges
STEM

25. Ageratum conyzodes
Broad leaved Weeds
Common name : Chagal Roa

26. Broad leaved Weeds
Amaranthus viridis
Common name : Jangli Note

27. Broad leaved Weeds
Cleome viscosa
Common name : Hur hure

28. Broad leaved Weeds
Digera arvense
Common name : Latamari

29. Broad leaved Weeds
Euphorbia hirta
Common name : Dudhia

30. Euphorbia microphylla
Broad leaved Weeds

31. Malachra capitata
Broad leaved Weeds
Common name : Jangli Paat

32. Phyllanthus niruri
Broad leaved Weeds
Common Name : Hazardana

33. Physalis minima
Broad leaved Weeds
Common name : Pot Poti

34. Physalis heterophylla
Broad leaved Weeds
Common Name : Fuska Begun

35. Leucas aspera
Broad leaved Weeds
Common name : Drone

36. Portulaca oleracea
Broad leaved Weeds
Common name : Moss Rose, Nunia Sak

37. Trianthema portulacastrum
Broad leaved Weeds
Common name : Pathar Chata, Punarnaba

38. Alternanthera sessilis
Broad leaved Weeds
Common name : Chachi Saak

39. Jussiaea repensBroad leaved Weeds
Common name : Water primrose
It is a semi aquatic
weed, find in low land
marshy area

40. Broad leaved Weeds
Monochoria vaginalis
Common name : পািন কচ
It is a semi aquatic
weed, find in low land
marshy area

41. In jute, 10 – 45 days after seedling emergence has been found
CRITICAL period for weed growth and therefore post-emergence
herbicides application or suitable intercultural operations should
not be delayed beyond this period.
Weed emergence after 45 days of jute sowing did not reduce the
yield. Hence, season long intercultural operations or herbicides
application is not required for jute.
It caused 40-70% of yield loss if not controlled properly.
Critical period for weed management in Jute

42. Weed Management in Jute
Preventive methods:
 Use of clean seeds, preferable certified seed should be used.
 Use of well rotten organic manures, because partially rotton FYM contains
viable weed seeds, which may germinate and infest the field.
 Avoid using soil from infested area to clean area,
 Restrict cattle grazing as through cattle’s dropping, there is high chance of
weed contamination.
 Cleaning of irrigation and drainage channel, bunds so that no weeds could
grow there.

43. Weed Management in Jute
Cultural methods:
 Early sowing of Suitable varieties helps to escape heavy weed growth
which begins just after onset of pre – monsoon showers.
 Line sowing of jute with 25 cm× 7 cm and optimum plant population (5.5 -
6.0 lakhs/ha) facilitate the intercultural practices, resulting in
competitive advantage of Jute crops. Line sowing with multi row seed drill
is very effective in this situation.
 Intercropping of short-duration, quick-growing and early-maturing crops
like MOONG (Variety : Pant Mung – 4, Pant Mung – 5) or SUMMER
RADDISH or RED AMARANTHUS results suppression of weed growth.
Red amaranthus suppress all other types of weed growth, when sown at a
high rate. This crop is harvested at 21 DAS, and as it get a good price,
the cost of manual weeding can be compensated from it.
 Stale Seed bed technique is a very effective tool towards weed
smothering.

44. Example of Jute crop, intercropped with (a) Red Amaranthus and (b) Moong
Cultural methods of weed management in jute:

45. Weed Management in Jute
Mechanical methods:
 Manual weeding, involves human labour, though it is very costly. It has
been observed that two hand weeding (one at 20-25 days and second at
35-40 days after sowing) give the season long weed control in jute.
 Weeding with wheel hoe or nail weeder is very effective, especially in line
sown jute crop. Wheel hoeing at 20 to 25 days and one hand weeding at
35-40 days after sowing gives excellent control of weeds in jute.
Weeding through nail weeder results soil mulching, which helps to reduce
moisture conservation and raising soil temperature.
 After weeding there should be 50 – 60 nos. of plant / sq. M. which is
optimum for giving best result.

46. Manual weeding in jute field

47. Multi row seed drill for jute sowing
CRIJAF Nail Weeder
Some implement developed for cultural & mechanical weed control in Jute

48. Pre-emergence herbicides:
BUTACHLOR 50 EC / 50 EW or BUTACHLOR 5G @ 1.0 to 1.5 kg a.i./ ha applied
from 7 days before sowing to 72 hour within sowing of jute.
It controls annual grasses and some broad leaved weeds up to three weeks after
application. Presence of moisture in the soil is the pre – requisite for effective
weed control.
Weed Management in Jute
Chemical method of weed control in Jute

49. Some commercial formulations of Butachlor 50 EW

50. Pre – emergence Herbicide
PRETILACHLOR 50 EC when applied within 24 to 48 hours of sowing following
sufficient rain or light irrigation killed almost kill all types of grasses and also found
effective against broad leaved weeds like Trainthema portrulacturum, Physalis
minima, Amaranthes viridis. It’s dose is 1.5 – 2.0 mL / L, applied as spray.
Weed Management in Jute
Chemical method of weed control in Jute

51. Pre – emergence Herbicide
TRIFLURALIN 48 EC when applied within 24 to 48 hours of sowing following
sufficient rain or light irrigation gives commendable result. It should be applied @ 5
mL / L, directed to soil.
Weed Management in Jute
Chemical method of weed control in Jute

52. Post – emergence Herbicide
Application of QUIZALOFOP-ETHYL 5% EC @ 60 g a.i. /ha along with sticker can be
sprayed at 15-20 days after sowing of jute was found very effective for controlling all
types of grassy weeds. There should be sufficient soil moisture at the time of
application. It should be applied @ 1.25 – 1.50 mL of formulation / L of water.
Weed Management in Jute
Chemical method of weed control in Jute

53. Post – emergence Herbicide
Application of FENOXOPROP – P - ETHYL 9.3 % EC along with sticker can be
sprayed at 15-20 days after sowing of jute. It controls grassy weeds. There should be
sufficient soil moisture at the time of application. It should be applied @ 2.0 mL of
formulation / L of water.
Weed Management in Jute
Chemical method of weed control in Jute

54. Post Emergence herbicide :
Application of PROPAQUIZAFOP 10% EC
@ 150 ga.i/ha at 15 days after emergence
(DAE) followed by one hand weeding gives
excellent control of grassy weed in jute. It
works best when sprayed at 2 – 4 leaf stage
of Jute crop. Presence of sufficient soil
moisture at the time of spray is a pre –
requisite for good weed control. Its dose is 1 –
1.25 mL / L of water.
Weed Management in Jute
Chemical method of weed control in Jute

55. Weed Management in Jute
Chemical method of weed control in Jute
Post – emergence Herbicide
Application of CLODINAFOP PROPERGYL 15% WP @ 60 g a.i. /ha along with
sticker can be sprayed at 15-20 days after sowing of jute was found very effective for
controlling almost all types of grassy weeds. There should be sufficient soil moisture at the
time of application. It should be applied @ 1.25 – 1.50 mL of formulation / L of water.

56. Integrated Weed Management approach in Jute
Application of pre – emergence Herbicides like Butachlor 50 EC / EW
or Pretilachlor 50 EC followed by application of Quizalofop- ethyl @5%
EC @ 60 g a.i. /ha as post- emergence herbicides at 21 – 25 DAS with
one mechanical/ manual weeding at 35 days after sowing has been
found very effective in controlling weeds in jute.
Post emergence herbicides should not be applied to jute crop beyond 25
DAS, otherwise detrimental effect on jute crop may arise through
phytotoxicity.
All the post emergence herbicides are able to control Grassy weeds only.
Grassy weeds contributes the major part of weed flora in jute crop, but these
are not able to control broad leaved weeds.