We propose a model-driven approach, based on Web services standards, for modeling and integrating agile business processes using Web services. The choice of focusing on Web services technology was not arbitrary. The large and broad adoption of this technology by enterprises will lead most business processes to be performed using Web services. Besides, the added value of Web services and their great interest to business process management are beyond doubt. Web services produce, on the one hand, loosely coupled applicative components.
On the other hand, they are the most widely used implementation technology of SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture), which is based on the large experiences of software and distributed component technologies. Being founded on the XML (eXtensible Markup Language) language, the SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) protocol and the UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and Integration) repository, this technology can be considered as an appropriate mean to ensure interoperability, data exchange and the publication and discovery of business processes when they can be implemented as Web services.
WEB PORTAL INTEGRATION ARCHITECTURE APPROACHESijwscjournal
Enterprise Modelling with Web portal integration architecture requires investment of advanced architectural thinking into definition of services before any development of services or service consumers can begin. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is gradually replacing monolithic architecture as the premier design principle for new business applications with its inherently systematic nature and capability. Earlier efforts of notable styles of SOA such as CORBA and XATMI have failed to be adopted as main stream projects because of demanding design process requirement with sense-making activities and even have been residing with the modern SOA or Web services middleware. In this paper it is aimed to incorporate sensemaking design activities with the proposed semantic web service based architecture. This paper tries to tackle the above problem by proposing a service-oriented architecture for web data and service integration. A gen-Spec architectural pattern has been suggested and adopted in order to tackle the problem.
Firstly, it proposes a service-oriented platform independent architecture and Secondly, it presents a specific deployment of such architecture for data and service integration on the web using semantic web services implemented with the WSMO (Web Services Modeling Ontology).
Service Oriented Architecture.
SOA is a style of architecting applications in such a way that they are composed of discrete software agents that have simple, well defined interfaces and are orchestrated through a loose coupling to perform a required function.
QOS OF WEB SERVICE: SURVEY ON PERFORMANCE AND SCALABILITYcsandit
In today’s scenario, most of the organizations provide the services through the web. This makes
the web service an important research area. In addition, early design and building web services,
it is necessary to concentrate on the quality of web services. Performance is an important
quality attributes that to be considered during the designing of web services. The expected
performance can be achieved by proper scheduling of resources and scalability of the system.
Scalability is a desirable attribute of a process computer system or network. Poor scalability
can result in lacking system performance. Hence, in this paper, we have reviewed the literature
available for the quality attributes of performance and scalability and identified the issues that
affect the quality attributes related to Web Services.
A Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a system consisting of software components with standardized component-access and usage interfaces that are independent of any specific platform or implementation technology and it's solution for making two software to communicate to each other.
Study on Use Case Model for Service Oriented Architecture Developmentijwtiir
The recent trends in the computer industry are the one
and only thing i.e., web services. Because of the common
availability and open technologies web services are relevant to
all. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) helps organizations to
transform their business processes for high performance by
simplifying the underlying information systems. The most
challenging aspect of building successful software applications is
clearly understanding and specifying the requirements that an
application must satisfy. Use case modeling is an increasingly
popular approach for identifying and defining requirements for
software applications of all types. Use cases describe the
behavior of the system as its users interact with it. This approach
helps to place the software requirements in the framework of a
user doing some useful work with the system. This type of
approach helps to map software requirements to the relevant enduser business processes, a very powerful concept. This paper
presents how the relationship between use case model and
Service oriented architecture.
03 Service Oriented Architecture Series - Basic SOA ArchitecturePouria Ghatrenabi
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is the secret sauce of many software integration and internet technologies. The SOA Series includes five presentations based on IBM SOA Associate Certificate. It gives a very concise, practical overview of SOA concepts. The third presentation discusses the characteristics of a basic SOA architecture, IBM SOA Reference Architecture, enterprise service bus (ESB), role of Web Services and messaging, and the the stages of the SOA lifecycle
It is a presentation of a research paper on Component Based Software Engineering vs Service Oriented Architecture. It deals with basic comparative study of CBSE and SOA , SOA technologies and Service Components, Modern Components. It also covers discussions and justifications of performance issues of web services.
Template matching is a technique in computer vision used for finding a sub-image of a target image which matches a template image. This technique is widely used in object detection fields such as vehicle tracking, robotics , medical imaging, and manufacturing .
WEB PORTAL INTEGRATION ARCHITECTURE APPROACHESijwscjournal
Enterprise Modelling with Web portal integration architecture requires investment of advanced architectural thinking into definition of services before any development of services or service consumers can begin. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is gradually replacing monolithic architecture as the premier design principle for new business applications with its inherently systematic nature and capability. Earlier efforts of notable styles of SOA such as CORBA and XATMI have failed to be adopted as main stream projects because of demanding design process requirement with sense-making activities and even have been residing with the modern SOA or Web services middleware. In this paper it is aimed to incorporate sensemaking design activities with the proposed semantic web service based architecture. This paper tries to tackle the above problem by proposing a service-oriented architecture for web data and service integration. A gen-Spec architectural pattern has been suggested and adopted in order to tackle the problem.
Firstly, it proposes a service-oriented platform independent architecture and Secondly, it presents a specific deployment of such architecture for data and service integration on the web using semantic web services implemented with the WSMO (Web Services Modeling Ontology).
Service Oriented Architecture.
SOA is a style of architecting applications in such a way that they are composed of discrete software agents that have simple, well defined interfaces and are orchestrated through a loose coupling to perform a required function.
QOS OF WEB SERVICE: SURVEY ON PERFORMANCE AND SCALABILITYcsandit
In today’s scenario, most of the organizations provide the services through the web. This makes
the web service an important research area. In addition, early design and building web services,
it is necessary to concentrate on the quality of web services. Performance is an important
quality attributes that to be considered during the designing of web services. The expected
performance can be achieved by proper scheduling of resources and scalability of the system.
Scalability is a desirable attribute of a process computer system or network. Poor scalability
can result in lacking system performance. Hence, in this paper, we have reviewed the literature
available for the quality attributes of performance and scalability and identified the issues that
affect the quality attributes related to Web Services.
A Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a system consisting of software components with standardized component-access and usage interfaces that are independent of any specific platform or implementation technology and it's solution for making two software to communicate to each other.
Study on Use Case Model for Service Oriented Architecture Developmentijwtiir
The recent trends in the computer industry are the one
and only thing i.e., web services. Because of the common
availability and open technologies web services are relevant to
all. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) helps organizations to
transform their business processes for high performance by
simplifying the underlying information systems. The most
challenging aspect of building successful software applications is
clearly understanding and specifying the requirements that an
application must satisfy. Use case modeling is an increasingly
popular approach for identifying and defining requirements for
software applications of all types. Use cases describe the
behavior of the system as its users interact with it. This approach
helps to place the software requirements in the framework of a
user doing some useful work with the system. This type of
approach helps to map software requirements to the relevant enduser business processes, a very powerful concept. This paper
presents how the relationship between use case model and
Service oriented architecture.
03 Service Oriented Architecture Series - Basic SOA ArchitecturePouria Ghatrenabi
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is the secret sauce of many software integration and internet technologies. The SOA Series includes five presentations based on IBM SOA Associate Certificate. It gives a very concise, practical overview of SOA concepts. The third presentation discusses the characteristics of a basic SOA architecture, IBM SOA Reference Architecture, enterprise service bus (ESB), role of Web Services and messaging, and the the stages of the SOA lifecycle
It is a presentation of a research paper on Component Based Software Engineering vs Service Oriented Architecture. It deals with basic comparative study of CBSE and SOA , SOA technologies and Service Components, Modern Components. It also covers discussions and justifications of performance issues of web services.
Template matching is a technique in computer vision used for finding a sub-image of a target image which matches a template image. This technique is widely used in object detection fields such as vehicle tracking, robotics , medical imaging, and manufacturing .
Link Analysis and Link Building in a Penguin and Disavow WorldChristoph C. Cemper
Link Building got more difficult after Google's Penguin updates, but it does not mean that you should neglect it. Link building and SEO are not dead; they are just more sophisticated. Christoph Cemper, the founder of the LinkResearchTools, talks about the difficulties of Link Building and Link Analysis after Penguin.
The amount of structured data published on the Web is constantly growing. A significant part of this data is published in accordance to the Linked Data principles. The explicit graph structure enables machines and humans to retrieve descriptions of entities and discover information about relations to other entities. In many cases, descriptions of single entities include thousands of statements and for human users it becomes difficult to comprehend the data unless a selection of the most relevant facts is provided.
In this paper we introduce LinkSUM, a lightweight link-based approach for the relevance-oriented summarization of knowledge graph entities. LinkSUM optimizes the combination of the PageRank algorithm with an adaption of the Backlink method together with new approaches for predicate selection. Both, quantitative and qualitative evaluations have been conducted to study the performance of the method in comparison to an existing entity summarization approach. The results show a significant improvement over the state of the art and lead us to conclude that prioritizing the selection of related resources leads to better summaries.
Link Analysis
A technique that use the graph structure in order to determine the relative importance of the nodes (web pages). One of the biggest changes in our lives in the decade following the turn of the century was the availability of efficient and accurate Web search, through search engines such as Google. While Google was not the first search engine, it was the first able to defeat the spammers who had made search almost useless.
Moreover, the innovation provided by Google was a nontrivial technological advance, called “PageRank.” When PageRank was established as an essential technique for a search engine, spammers invented ways to manipulate the PageRank of a Web page, often called link spam. That development led to the response of TrustRank and other techniques for preventing spammers from attacking PageRank.
How to Combine SEO, Blogging, and Social Media For Results HubSpotHubSpot
Finished with the basics of Search Engine Optimization? Ready to take it to the next level? Did you know your SEO strategy should use social media to build link authority? And that your social media strategy should leverage your blog content? And that your blog strategy should be guided by your SEO results? Learn how you can use blogging, social media and SEO together for even better results than any technique alone.
Centrifuge Analytics is a big data discovery technology that provides the power and flexibility to connect, visualize and collaborate without complex data integration, costly services or a data science degree. It combines sophisticated link-analysis, interactive visualizations and discovery features to dramatically simplify data pattern and connection recognition.
EVALUATION OF COMPUTABILITY CRITERIONS FOR RUNTIME WEB SERVICE INTEGRATIONijwscjournal
T Today’s competitive environment drives the enterprises to extend their focus and collaborate with their business partners to carry out the necessities. Tight coordination among business partners assists to share and integrate the service logic globally. But integrating service logics across diverse enterprises leads to exponential problem which stipulates developers to comprehend the whole service and must resolve suitable method to integrate the services. It is complex and time-consuming task. So the present focus is to have a mechanized system to analyze the Business logics and convey the proper mode to integrate them. There is no standard model to undertake these issues and one such a framework proposed in this paper examines the Business logics individually and suggests proper structure to integrate them. One of the innovative concepts of proposed model is Property Evaluation System which scrutinizes the service logics and generates Business Logic Property Schema (BLPS) for the required services. BLPS holds necessary information to recognize the correct structure for integrating the service logics. At the time of integration, System consumes this BLPS schema and suggests the feasible ways to integrate the service logics. Also if the service logics are attempted to integrate in invalid structure or attempted to violate accessibility levels, system will throw exception with necessary information. This helps developers to ascertain the efficient structure to integrate the services with least effort.
EVALUATION OF COMPUTABILITY CRITERIONS FOR RUNTIME WEB SERVICE INTEGRATIONijwscjournal
T Today’s competitive environment drives the enterprises to extend their focus and collaborate with their business partners to carry out the necessities. Tight coordination among business partners assists to share and integrate the service logic globally. But integrating service logics across diverse enterprises leads to
exponential problem which stipulates developers to comprehend the whole service and must resolve suitable method to integrate the services. It is complex and time-consuming task. So the present focus is to have a mechanized system to analyze the Business logics and convey the proper mode to integrate them.
There is no standard model to undertake these issues and one such a framework proposed in this paper examines the Business logics individually and suggests proper structure to integrate them. One of the innovative concepts of proposed model is Property Evaluation System which scrutinizes the service logics and generates Business Logic Property Schema (BLPS) for the required services. BLPS holds necessary information to recognize the correct structure for integrating the service logics. At the time of integration, System consumes this BLPS schema and suggests the feasible ways to integrate the service logics. Also if the service logics are attempted to integrate in invalid structure or attempted to violate accessibility levels, system will throw exception with necessary information. This helps developers to ascertain the efficient structure to integrate the services with least effort.
EVALUATION OF COMPUTABILITY CRITERIONS FOR RUNTIME WEB SERVICE INTEGRATIONijwscjournal
T Today’s competitive environment drives the enterprises to extend their focus and collaborate with their business partners to carry out the necessities. Tight coordination among business partners assists to share and integrate the service logic globally. But integrating service logics across diverse enterprises leads to exponential problem which stipulates developers to comprehend the whole service and must resolve suitable method to integrate the services. It is complex and time-consuming task. So the present focus is to have a mechanized system to analyze the Business logics and convey the proper mode to integrate them. There is no standard model to undertake these issues and one such a framework proposed in this paper examines the Business logics individually and suggests proper structure to integrate them. One of the innovative concepts of proposed model is Property Evaluation System which scrutinizes the service logics and generates Business Logic Property Schema (BLPS) for the required services. BLPS holds necessary information to recognize the correct structure for integrating the service logics. At the time of integration, System consumes this BLPS schema and suggests the feasible ways to integrate the service logics. Also if the service logics are attempted to integrate in invalid structure or attempted to violate accessibility levels, system will throw exception with necessary information. This helps developers to ascertain the efficient structure to integrate the services with least effort.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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Finite State Machine Based Evaluation Model For Web Service Reliability Analysisdannyijwest
Today’s world economy demands that both market access and customer service be available anytime and
anywhere. The Web is the only way to supply global economic needs and, due to expand the development of
comprehensive web service, it does so relatively inexpensively. The ability of web service is to provide a
relatively inexpensive way to deploy customer services. As days goes on the business logic of a system
emerges out at a great extent where it has to react to several different competitors under different
situations. Through means of a business logic system we can able to achieve faster communication of
information, rampant change and increasing business complexity
Rapid evolution of information technology has contributed to the evolution of more sophisticated Ecommerce
system with the better transaction time and protection. The currently used E-commerce models
lack in quality properties such as logical security because of their poor designing and to face the highly
equipped and trained intruders. This editorial proposed a security framework for small and medium sized
E-commerce, based on service oriented architecture and gives an analysis of the eminent security attacks
which can be averted. The proposed security framework will be implemented and validated on an open
source E-commerce, and the results achieved so far are also presented.
Sybase, back in 1995, was constructing an advanced workflow system based on agent technology. This system was presented to an invitation-only group of Powersoft customers at the 1995 Powersoft Users Group meeting at DisneyWorld. The group creating the solution was an advanced technology group formed when Sybase purchased Powersoft.
International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Information Techno...ijcseit
Software as a Service (SaaS) becomes in this decade the focus of many enterprises and research. SaaS
provides software application as Web based delivery to server many customers. This sharing of
infrastructure and application provided by Saas has a great benefit to customers, since it reduces costs,
minimizes risks, improves their competitive positioning, as well as seeks out innovative. SaaS application is
generally developed with standardized software functionalities to serve as many customers as
possible.However many customers ask to change the standardized provided functions according to their
specific business needs, and this can be achieve through the configuration and customization provided by
the SaaS vendor.Allowing many customers to change software configurations without impacting others
customers and with preserving security and efficiency of the provided services, becomes a big challenge to
SaaS vendors, who are oblige to design new strategies and architectures. Multi-tenancy (MT) architectures
allow multiple customers to be consolidated into the same operational system without changing anything in
the vendor source code. In this paper, we will present how the configuration can be done on an ERP web
application in a Multi-Tenancy SaaS environment.
Software as a Service (SaaS) becomes in this decade the focus of many enterprises and research. SaaS
provides software application as Web based delivery to server many customers. This sharing of
infrastructure and application provided by Saas has a great benefit to customers, since it reduces costs,
minimizes risks, improves their competitive positioning, as well as seeks out innovative. SaaS application is
generally developed with standardized software functionalities to serve as many customers as
possible.However many customers ask to change the standardized provided functions according to their
specific business needs, and this can be achieve through the configuration and customization provided by
the SaaS vendor.Allowing many customers to change software configurations without impacting others
customers and with preserving security and efficiency of the provided services, becomes a big challenge to
SaaS vendors, who are oblige to design new strategies and architectures. Multi-tenancy (MT) architectures
allow multiple customers to be consolidated into the same operational system without changing anything in
the vendor source code. In this paper, we will present how the configuration can be done on an ERP web
application in a Multi-Tenancy SaaS environment
Software as a Service (SaaS) becomes in this decade the focus of many enterprises and research. SaaS
provides software application as Web based delivery to server many customers. This sharing of
infrastructure and application provided by Saas has a great benefit to customers, since it reduces costs,
minimizes risks, improves their competitive positioning, as well as seeks out innovative. SaaS application is
generally developed with standardized software functionalities to serve as many customers as
possible.However many customers ask to change the standardized provided functions according to their
specific business needs, and this can be achieve through the configuration and customization provided by
the SaaS vendor.Allowing many customers to change software configurations without impacting others
customers and with preserving security and efficiency of the provided services, becomes a big challenge to
SaaS vendors, who are oblige to design new strategies and architectures. Multi-tenancy (MT) architectures
allow multiple customers to be consolidated into the same operational system without changing anything in
the vendor source code. In this paper, we will present how the configuration can be done on an ERP web
application in a Multi-Tenancy SaaS environment.
Effective performance engineering is a critical factor in delivering meaningful results. The implementation must be built into every aspect of the business, from IT and business management to internal and external customers and all other stakeholders. Convetit brought together ten experts in the field of performance engineering to delve into the trends and drivers that are defining the space. This Foresights discussion will directly influence Business and Technology Leaders that are looking to stay ahead of the challenges they face with delivering high performing systems to their end users, today and in the next 2-5 years.
TOWARDS AUTOMATION OF SOA-BASED BUSINESS PROCESSESIJCSEA Journal
The adoption of business processes to design business activities is becoming a reality to a significant number of companies. In addition, the Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is being used in diverse situations for the execution of business processes using computational resources. In this context, the need of business process automation appears with high relevance. In this work, we present a solution named BPA-SOA, which aims to automate SOA-based business processes, specified in BPMN, into WS-BPEL executable processes. In BPA-SOA, business and service information can be specified at the business level, translated into executable artifacts, deployed in execution-level resources and enforced at runtime. An illustrative scenario is presented to better illustrate and showcase the proposed solution.
Arabic Handwritten Text Recognition and Writer IdentificationMustafa Salam
A seminar of Ph.D. theses which explain a proposed system for recognize the Arabic handwritten text and identify the text writer. Several proposed steps are described in details in this seminar and the obtained results are viewed in detail.
The Burrows-Wheeler Algorithm was published in the year 1994 by Michael Burrows and David Wheeler in the research report “A Block-sorting Lossless Data Compression Algorithm". The algorithm consists of several stages and these stages are performed successively. The input and output of each stages are blocks of arbitrary size, but the size must be specified at the beginning of the whole compression process. With the decompression of the algorithm the data which compressed by the algorithm can be returned to their original data. Meanwhile, there are countless different versions of the algorithm.
A mashup is a Web page or application that uses and combines data, presentation or functionality from two or more sources to create new services. The term implies easy, fast integration, frequently using open API (Application Programming Interface) and data sources to produce enriched results that were not necessarily the original reason for producing the raw source data.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Web Services-Enhanced Agile Modeling and Integrating Business Processes
1.
2. E-Business:WebServices Page | 2
1. Introduction
We propose a model-driven approach, based on Web services standards,
for modeling and integrating agile business processes using Web services.
The choice of focusing on Web services technology was not arbitrary. The
large and broad adoption of this technology by enterprises will lead most
business processes to be performed using Web services. Besides, the
added value of Web services and their great interest to business process
management are beyond doubt. Web services produce, on the one hand,
loosely coupled applicative components.
On the other hand, they are the most widely used implementation
technology of SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture), which is based on the
large experiences of software and distributed component technologies.
Being founded on the XML (eXtensible Markup Language) language, the
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) protocol and the UDDI (Universal
Description Discovery and Integration) repository, this technology can be
considered as an appropriate mean to ensure interoperability, data
exchange and the publication and discovery of business processes when
they can be implemented as Web services.
3. E-Business:WebServices Page | 3
Objectives
To benefit from Web services characteristics for managing business
processes. The purpose is to enable the production of agile business
processes through an enhanced modeling and dynamic integration.
A business process can be implemented by composing a set of published
Web services. Besides, agility can be achieved by the ability of updating a
given process through reuse of Web services dynamically discovered from
Internet.
2. Business process
A business process denotes a set of activities to be performed by given
actors through specific tools and methods according to a defined
procedure.
To specify business processes, it is therefore necessary to use concepts
such as activity, input, output, goal, role, resource and event.
Activity refers to tasks. It set of elementary tasks, homogeneous from the
point of view of their cost and performance behaviors, which produce an
output from a set of inputs.
Input is an object on what the activity must operate to produce an output.
The output is simply a result produced by the activity.
The goal of a given process is what this process aims to achieve or to
accomplish in order to meet the enterprise strategy.
The role refers to an expected behavior associated with a particular status
in the enterprise. It corresponds to a responsibility assigned to an internal
or external actor, which can be a person, group or a system.
4. E-Business:WebServices Page | 4
The event constitutes a fact that occurs and which can trigger an activity. It
can, for example, correspond to a time deadline or an occurring result
(output).
3. Languages and formalisms for modeling business processes
Many languages, formalisms or even frameworks have been developed
over time to meet that goal. The most important languages for business
processes are BPMN, UML and IDEF.
3.1 Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN)
BPMN is a flowchart representation of business processes. It aims to
provide, on the one hand, a fully graphical notation, easy to use and usable
at both business and technical levels, and on the other hand, a mechanism
to generate executable processes directly without using another language.
The objective of BPMN is to:
(1) support business process management, for both technical users and
business users, by providing a notation that is intuitive to business users,
yet able to represent complex process semantics.
5. E-Business:WebServices Page | 5
(2) To provide a standard notation readily understandable by all business
stakeholders. These include the business analysts who create and refine
the processes, the technical developers responsible for implementing
them, and the business managers who monitor and manage them.
4. Business process integration solutions
The integration consists in adopting a technique to ensure the coherence of
an information system constituted of different components, create
collaboration pathways, reuse functions, share data, and ensure the
agility of the enterprise information system. Various solutions have been
experimented to achieve the integration of applications. They can be
divided into seven classes, each one uses a specific technique:
a. Conversion
The conversion consists in using peer to peer converters in order to convert
the models and data exchange formats between applications. This type of
integration is chronologically the first integration technique that was
specifically used for data exchange. Using a converter allows converting
the sender’s data format into the receiver format. However, it requires
using as many converters as there are used formats. Thus, exchanging data
with an application which uses a new format requires conceiving a new
converter. Furthermore, it assumes that partners are known in advance,
and thereby it is adapted to A2A (Application to Application) integration
and not B2B (Business to Business) one.
6. E-Business:WebServices Page | 6
b. Standardization
The data integration solutions based on standardization have been
developed to avoid the problems of the converters-based integration. They
specifically consist in unifying representation and data exchange models.
This class include, as example: the XML-based standards.
c. Middlewares
The middlewares are used as intermediate softwarecomponents that make
applications communicate and abstract the heterogeneity of their
platforms. They mainly ensure messages transport and routing, but also
other services such as data transformation and transaction management.
Middlewares, such as JDBC (Java DataBase Connectivity) and ODBC (Open
DataBase Connectivity), ensure data access regardless of the databases
used.
Finally, the component-based middlewares have, in general, the advantage
of ensuring portability, security, scalability, and reusability.
d. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning systems)
Enterpriseresourceplanning (ERP) is business management software—
usually a suite of integrated applications—that a company can useto
storeand manage data from every stage of business, including:
Productplanning, cost and development
Manufacturing
Marketing and sales
Inventory management
Shipping and payment
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ERP provides an integrated real-time view of core business processes,
using common databases maintained by a database management
system. The applications that make up the system share data across the
various departments (manufacturing, purchasing, sales, accounting, etc.)
that entered the data. ERP facilitates information flow between all
business functions, and manages connections to outside stakeholders.
SAP, Oracle/Peoplesoft, SAGE ADONIX, and Microsoft are examples of
proprietary ERPs.
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e. BPEL (Business Process Execution Language Web Services)
It intended to execute business processes. Besides, it is fundamentally
based on the use of XML standard. This language allows interacting with
Web services to exchange XML data, and managing exceptions and
compensation in the case of rollback transactions.
In the BPEL context, each activity consists in a service invocation, a
message reception or transmission, or an exception (error message)
reception.
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Case Study:
As an example of a realistic case study, we consider a business
application, which is composed from a number of offered web
services. Furthermore there is an access control issue, as it
must be ensured that the web service consumer has the
necessary authority to execute the web services it requests.
The scenario is as follows. Several web services are combined to define
the business logic of an application. For example, consider an
application to find the nearest restaurant for a user and show it on a
map. This could involve web services for SMS and MMS handling in
addition to the User Location web service. Moreover, a user should not
be able to gain access to location information of an arbitrary user. This is
where the access control aspect becomes important.
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Therefore, in addition to the requested web services, the web service
provider may need to interact with some authorization component to
check that the current user has the correct authority to access the
requested information. In addition, the service provider may stipulate
some further conditions, such as that only one location request may be
made per session:
1. The user activates a service by sending an SMS to a service center
number. This is handled by an appropriate web service.
2. This initiates a start-session message to be sent to the Policy Access
Provider.
3. A notification is sent to the application that an SMS has arrived.
4. The application requests the user’s location from a location web
service.
5. The web service contacts the session manager within the policy
access provider to check the validity of the request.
6. If the validity check is OK the location web service will return the
location to the application, which uses it to construct the appropriate
map for the user.
7. This is then passed as an MMS to the MMS web service, which
delivers it to the user.
8. The MMS web service terminates the session with the Session
Manager.
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Q: Web services benefits for E-Business
Web services provide several technological and business
benefits, a few of which include:
Application and data integration
Versatility
Code re-use
Cost savings
Application and data integration
The inherent interoperability that comes with using vendor, platform,
and language independent XML technologies and the ubiquitous HTTP
as a transport mean that any application can communicate with any
other application using Web services.
Versatility
Web services are also versatile by design. They can be accessed by
humans via a Web-based client interface, or they can be accessed by
other applications and other Web services.
Code re-use
Instead of having to create a custom service for each unique
requirement, portions of a service are simply re-used as necessary.
Cost savings
All these benefits add up to significant cost savings.
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References
[1] Albrecht, C.C.; Dean, D.L. & Hansen, J.V. (2003). Market Place and
Technology Standards for B2Bpp. 188-209, Seattle, Washington, USA,
December 12-14, 2003
[2] Albrecht, C.C.; Dean, D.L. & Hansen, J.V. (2005). E-commerce:
Progress, Challenges, and the State of the Art, Information &
Management, Vol. 42, No. 6, (September 2005), pp. 865–875, ISSN
0378-7206