Sumedt Jitpukdebodin presents on web architecture, threats, and security controls. The document discusses the basic components of web architecture including browsers, servers, HTML, URIs, HTTP, and the evolution to multi-tier architectures. It then covers common web attacks like injection, XSS, and CSRF. Finally, it lists security controls at the application layer like input validation and sessions management and at the network layer like firewalls, IDS/IPS, and web application firewalls.

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Web Architecture - Mechanism and Threats
Sumedt Jitpukdebodin
Senior Security Researcher
CompTIA Security+, LPIC-1 , NCLA, C|EHv6, eCPPT, eWPT, IWSS, CPTE

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~# whoami
 Name: Sumedt Jitpukdebodin(สุเมธ จิตภักดีบดินทร์)
 My blog: http://www.r00tsec.com, http://twitter.com/materaj, https://www.facebook.com/hackandsecbook
 Jobs
– I-SECURE Co., Ltd.
– Research And Develop Engineer, Senior Web Application Security Specialist, Senior Security Researcher
– Writer
– English article@ http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/author/9011/ and please google my name.
– Many Thai article, please google my Thai name.
– หนังสือ “Hacking & Security Book "Network Security หนังสือฉบับก้าวสู่นักทดสอบและป้ องกันการเจาะระบบ”
 Hobby: Penetration Testing, Hacking, Reading Info Security, Play Games, Traveling around the world, Write
Article, Teaching and more...

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Agenda

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Agenda
 Web Architecture
 Web Architecture Attack
 Security Controls & Mechanism

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Web Architecture

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Basic Web Architecture
 Two Tier Architecture
– Web browser display content that return from Web Server
– Web server provide resource for client

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HTML
 HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language)
– Document Layout Language
– Viewed by using Web Browser.

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URI
 URI(Universal Resource Identifier)

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URI(2)
 URL(Universal Resource Locator)
 URN(Universal Resource Name)

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HTTP
 HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
 HTTP is an application layer.
 HTTP has 2 way communication: HTTP Request and HTTP Response.

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HTTP(2)
 Request Message
– Request Line
– Request Header
– An empty line
– An optional Message Body

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HTTP(3)

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Request Method
– HEAD
– GET
– POST
– PUT
– DELETE
– TRACE
– OPTIONS
– CONNECT

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Safe Method
– HEAD
– GET
– OPTIONS
– TRACE
– POST
– PUT
– DELETE
– CONNECT

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Status Code
 Success: 2xx
 Redirection: 3xx
 Client-Side Error: 4xx
 Server-Side Error: 5xx

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HTTP Session State
 HTTP is stateless Protocol
 Solutions
– Cookies
– Sessions
– Hidden variable
– URL encode parameter( /index.php?session_id=$session_code)

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Web Architecture Extension
 Two tier architecture is not enough
 Common Gateway Interface(CGI)
 Standard protocol for interfacing with external application software with
a web server
 CGI program are executable programs that run on the web server.

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Javascript
 Scripting language designed for dynamic, interactive web application
 Run on client side.
 Preprocessing data on the client before submission to a server.
 Changing content type and styles

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Three tier web architecture

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Make HTTP to stateful(2)
 Cookie
 A text stored on a client’s computer by a web browser.
 Sent as an HTTP Header
 Can used for authenticating, session tracking

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Server and Client Processing
 Server-Side Processing
 PHP
 ASP
 ASP.NET
 Perl
 J2EE
 Python, Django
 Ruby On Rail
 Client-Side Processing
 CSS
 HTML
 Javascript
 Adobe Flash
 Microsoft Silverlight

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AJAX
 Asynchronous Javascript and XML(AJAX)
 Create by Jesse James Garrett, Febuary 18, 2005
 Ajax Incorporates
 XHTML, CSS, Document Object Model(DOM), XML and XSLT,
XMLHttpRequest, Javascript

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AJAX(2)

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AJAX(3)

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JSON
 Javascript Object Notation(JSON)
 JSON is lightweight computer data interchange format.
 JSON is based on a subset of Javascript programming language.
 Using of XML format.

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JSON Request && Response

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JSON(2)

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XML
 eXtensible Markup Language
 Using for information exchange.
 Two primary building blocks of XML are elements and attributes.
 Elements are tags and have values.
 Elements are structured as a tree.
 Alternatively, elements may have both attributes as well as data.
 Attributes help you to give more meaning and describe your
element more efficiently and clearly.

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XML(2)
 Tag
 Element
 Content

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XML(3)

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XML(4)

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XML vs JSON

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Web Services
 Web service is a software system designed to support machine-to-
machine intraction over a network.
 Web service are frequently just used to Internet Application
Programming Interfaces(API).
 Web service use HTTP for transmitting messages(RPC,SOAP,REST)

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SOAP vs REST
 SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol)
– Web service based on XML
 REST(Representational State Transfer)
– Web service represent in format of application

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SOAP vs REST

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SOAP Example
Reference:: http://www.soapui.org/The-World-Of-API-Testing/soap-vs-rest-
challenges.html

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REST Example
Reference:: http://www.soapui.org/The-World-Of-API-Testing/soap-vs-rest-
challenges.html

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Web Architecture Attack

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Web Architecture
Reference :: Web Application Hacking/Security
101(https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1fw7fO7kmVTcfXuupGTezSM76cdQH3IbYos5xu95L
yMs/edit#slide=id.p)

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Web Architecture Attack
Reference :: Web Application Hacking/Security
101(https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1fw7fO7kmVTcfXuupGTezSM76cdQH3IbYos5xu95L
yMs/edit#slide=id.p)

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OWASP 2013
 Injection
 Broken Authentication and Session Management
 Cross-Site Scripting(XSS)
 Insecure Direct Object Rerefence
 Security Misconfiguration
 Sensitive Data Exposure
 Missing Function Level Access Control
 Cross-Site Request Forgery(CSRF)
 Using Components with Known Vulnerability
 Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards

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Security Controls & Mechanism

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Security Control
 Application Layer
 Network Layer

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Application Layer
 Input Validation
 Sessions Management
 Authentication Method
 Strong Policy(Such as password policy)
 Same-Origin Policy

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Network Layer
 Firewall
 Intrusion Detection System/Intrusion Prevention System(IDS/IPS)
 Web Application Firewall(WAF)
 Centralize Log Server

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Network Layer Diagram
Reference :: http://www.umv.co.kr/main_eng/sm_enterprise.php

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Questions
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